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Cours Twent. (2016, Oct 8). Edmund Rice story [Youtube]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9673xLbcAgw

Edmund Rice Brothers. (n.d.). Blessed Edmund Ignatius Rice [Electronic image]. Retrieved from http://edmundricebrothers.org/index.php/blessed-edmund-rice/

Edmund Rice Education Australia (EREA). (2017). About Us. Retrieved from http://www.erea.edu.au/about-us/about-erea

Hardiman, P., Jacobs, P., & Ward, B. (n.d.). Edmund Rice Business Man Thirsting for Justice. Retrieved from http://www.edmund-rice.wa.edu.au/edmundr/edmund2.htm

History Learning Site. (2000-2016). Ireland in the Nineteenth Century. Retrieved from http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/ireland-1845-to-1922/ireland-in-the-nineteenth-century/

History Publications. (2017) [Image]. Retrieved from http://www.historyireland.com/18th-19th-century-history/a-sexual-revolution-in-the-west-of-ireland/

Lambert, T. (n.d.). A Timeline of Irish History. Retrieved from http://www.localhistories.org/irishtime.html

Presentation Brothers. (2017). Blessed Edmund Rice Prayer. Retrieved from http://www.presentationbrothers.com/index.php/about-us/edmund-rice/blessed-edmund-rice-prayer/

Walsh, R. (n.d.). A Short Biography of Edmund Rice [PDF]. Retrieved from http://www.ercrs.com.au/dloads/cms/A%20short%20biography%20of%20Blessed%20Edmund%20Rice.pdf

World Atlas. (2015). Irelend Large Color Map [Map]. Retrieved from http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/europe/lgcolor/iecolor.htm

Reference list generated in APA by CiteMaker.com on Jun 11 2017 09:08:51 GMT

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Edmund displayed aspects of priestly, prophetic and kingly roles. During the beginning of his work, Edmund saw the poor children and knew he should help them or the situation would only get worse. This was a minor example of a prophetic action by Edmund. He then used his money and influence to create his school, teaching and aiding the young poor boys to help give them a better future. He ran the school with pride and he and his friends later decided to take religious rights and start the Brothers of Presentation and the Christian Brothers. Edmund was the creator and head of both these organisations and through them he aided many people, proving his Kingly devotion. Following his example, these groups continue and other organiations such as EREA (Edmund Rice Education Australia) have also followed his path and work.

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This institute is dedicated to continuing Edmund's work of educating the less fortunate, in Australia. Established by the Christian Brothers, it runs the Catholic Education of roughly 50 Australian Schools. It follows the teacing practices of Edmund Rice, working with and through the Church to provide proper education the young boys and girls in all states and territories of Australia.

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Prayer attributed to Edmund Rice Feast Day

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Prayer attributed to Edmund Rice Feast Day

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O God,
We thank you for the life of Blessed Edmund Rice.
He opened his heart to Christ present in those oppressed by poverty and injustice.
May we follow his example of faith and generosity.
Grant us the courage and compassion of Blessed Edmund as we seek to live lives of love and service.
We ask this through Christ our Lord.
Amen.

This shows how societies were inspired by Edmund Rice. People believe that his generousity to the poor was admirable and his continuous faith in God, even when he was going through difficult times was something they also wish for themselves. His love, service and compassion were desired by many and his obvious courage to stand up and help those lesser than himself. Therefore this prayer attributed to Edmund Rice proves how greatly he influenced people today with his actions and beliefs.

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The Parables of the Wedding Feast etc. Luke 14:7-24

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The Parables of the Wedding Feast etc. Luke 14:7-24

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The Parable of the Wedding Feast

7 Now he told a parable to those who were invited, when he noticed how they chose the places of honor, saying to them, 8 “When you are invited by someone to a wedding feast, do not sit down in a place of honor, lest someone more distinguished than you be invited by him, 9 and he who invited you both will come and say to you, ‘Give your place to this person,’ and then you will begin with shame to take the lowest place.10 But when you are invited, go and sit in the lowest place, so that when your host comes he may say to you, ‘Friend, move up higher.’ Then you will be honored in the presence of all who sit at table with you. 11 For everyone who exalts himself will be humbled, and he who humbles himself will be exalted.”

The Parable of the Great Banquet

12 He said also to the man who had invited him, “When you give a dinner or a banquet, do not invite your friends or your brothers[a] or your relatives or rich neighbors, lest they also invite you in return and you be repaid. 13 But when you give a feast, invite the poor, the crippled, the lame, the blind, 14 and you will be blessed, because they cannot repay you. For you will be repaid at the resurrection of the just.”

15 When one of those who reclined at table with him heard these things, he said to him, “Blessed is everyone who will eat bread in the kingdom of God!” 16 But he said to him, “A man once gave a great banquet and invited many. 17 And at the time for the banquet he sent his servant[c] to say to those who had been invited, ‘Come, for everything is now ready.’18 But they all alike began to make excuses. The first said to him, ‘I have bought a field, and I must go out and see it. Please have me excused.’19 And another said, ‘I have bought five yoke of oxen, and I go to examine them. Please have me excused.’ 20 And another said, ‘I have married a wife, and therefore I cannot come.’ 21 So the servant came and reported these things to his master. Then the master of the house became angry and said to his servant, ‘Go out quickly to the streets and lanes of the city, and bring in the poor and crippled and blind and lame.’22 And the servant said, ‘Sir, what you commanded has been done, and still there is room.’ 23 And the master said to the servant, ‘Go out to the highways and hedges and compel people to come in, that my house may be filled. 24 For I tell you,[d] none of those men who were invited shall taste my banquet.’”

https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+14&version=ESV

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If Edmund Rice, and others like him, had Rerum Novarum than  he would truely be living by many an aspect of this and most likely contributed to the ideas it included. As the first encyclical written around required actions of the Church community, it greatly influenced and lead to current catholic teachings.

Even before he began his school, Edmund was fair and never cheated any man or worker and constantly aided those lower than himself. After he began his school it was clear that Edmund was following the equivalent verses refering to the rich's duty to aid the poor, the common good and protection of the poor. The encyclical states that those with more power should protect and nurture those of the working class lesser than themselves and struggling, as they deserve what every other person has. The poor and less fortunate's right to benefits, such as education, can be shown in the rights of a person and the common good that speaks of fairness and the avaliablity of the services and privledges of each and every person. These and other elements of Rerum Novarum were mostlikely  influenced by Edmund Rice.

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Biblical Criticism - The Parable of the Wedding Feast and The Parable of the Great Banquet

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Biblical Criticism - The Parable of the Wedding Feast and The Parable of the Great Banquet

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Luke 14:7-24

These parables are in a narrative context and although the story itself wasn't likely to have inspired Edmund, the message that came with it was likely to have contributed to his inspiration. Parables convey a messaged preached by Jesus and provide some information of the time. The message, not of exact relivence to Edmund Rice's work is similar and convey the similar message of duty to the poor despite being powerful or wealthy. It is clear that banquets and etiquetty are of no relevence to Edmund but the mention of giving soemthing for wealthy and powerful people to those who are poor is the same concept that Edmund followed, giving education, only avaliable to those with wealth and power being provided to those who are poor or with little.

World Behind The Text
During the time of Jesus, status and etiquette were quite important. Set in the home of a ruling Pharisee on the sabbath, the place likely to have been filled with high tier church officials and others in positions of power. The was mostlikely large and a great feast in place to show the hosts wealth and to fulfill the needs of the other powerful attendees. When attending these events etiquette such as sitting in the correct place, speaking when spoken too and being respectful to the host were important. Table manners were probably also required and eating order was more closly watched at gatherings such as the setting for these parables. At the time pharisee's were powerful church officials that followed and enforced the Law and will of God to the very word. Others likely to have attended were religious lawyers, not exactly church officials but they memerised the elements of the Torah, following the "Laws" God set to the tiniest detail no really questioning what message they each portrayed.

World of the Text
In these parables Jesus explains to the geusts that, in humbling yourself you show true repect and humility to all those around you. Later in the second parable the more important message is given; Help the poor as they cannot repay kindness with anything but gratitude as they have nothing, yet kindness has no bounds even for the smallest action. In the text, Jesus is portrayed as a kind person that understands the strife of the less fortunate and that an act of kindness dosen't need to be repayed, gratitude is as much a payment and God will be pleased with an act such as this. The story acts as a way to correct misconceptions of the Lords commandments and provide a clearer understanding. Despite holding such a great banquet, none of the guests came as they didn't want to return the favour, their wealth and power was important to him. Instead the man offered his banquet to the needy, who unlike the guest, had nothing the give in return and yet the host didn't want payment as kindness was paid with gratitude.

World in Front of the Text
This message and the actions around it are constantly visable in the world around us today. Social groups that provide and donate food and other resources to those less fortunate than ourselves are everywhere. Homeless Connect, Caritas Australia, Red Cross, St Vincent de Paul and other groups, along with church communities donating and collecting food and clothes drops, collection money and cook a meal applicants are some of many ways society uses the modern version of the Parables of the Wedding Feast. This parable is a message from each and every person, need don't need to be rich or powerful, each of us can help anotherless fortunate person in many ways. Kindness itself is a gift for us to give and gratitude the only gift we should recieve in turn. There are many ways to help a person, from teaching, feeding or even being a shoulder to cry on, the needy deserve these from us more than any "guest" ever needs.

Summary
Overall, these parables were likely to have inspired Edmund Rice and can contiune to inspire our society today. Helping teach young poverty stricken childen in Ireland, starting the Presentation and Christian Brother were just Edmund's way to  act on Jesus' message and his own duty.

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"One thing you may be sure of that while you work for God, Whether you succeed or not, He will amply reward you."
Blessed Brother, Edmund Ignatius Rice

Among other quotes and writings, this message by Edmund Rice was told to his brothers in his order.

He also wrote in the same statement, "... let us ever do so little for God and we will be sure he will never forget it, nor let it pass unrewarded. How many of our actions are lost for want of applying them to this end, and were we to know the merit and value of only going from one street to another to serve a neighbour for the love of God, we should prize it more than Gold or Silver..."

These writings were his way or showing his faith and the reason for him to start helping the poor children. They refer to his devotion to god and told others that they didn't have to do great things to follow God, he would always be with them and guide them on the path of religion. The writings were most likely written in the period after his wife's death.

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After starting his School, Edmund and seven other men took their religious vows to start Edmund's new order, the Brothers of Presentation, on the 15th of August 1808. They followed a system similar to the Presentation sisters. They started helping the young poor boys, surprising other people with their ability to control and aid the uncontrollable. Later, because of the success in the first order, Edmund started the Christian Brothers.

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The school started out small in an abandoned stable in Ireland, 1802. He taught young boys at first but, in later years, girls also joined in. A proper school opened in 1803 on June 7th. Edmund named it Mt Sion. Due to the amount of boys attending, roughly 200-300, the building wasn't large enough and classes had to be held outside some of the time. By 1809 there were over 700 children attending the school.

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Rich giving clothes to Poverty Stricken 

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Rich giving clothes to Poverty Stricken 

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Ireland was, at this time, one of the worlds poorest, most poverty-stricken countries. The Industrial Revolution changed some poverty conditions slightly but poverty remainedlargly evident and greatly impacted the majority of Irish citizens. The people worked under rural lords were poor and had to work extremely hard to provide for their families. The lords of the land that they worked on, weren't the slightest bit interested in their people, all they wanted was the money. Already being paid very little and spending most of their income trying to feed their families, many didn't have the money to continue renting the land. The lords were unkind and evicted any nonpaying workers with criminals and other powerful, cruel forces. The staple diet at the time was potatoes, as they were easy to grow and produced large crops. Although this was good when the crop went well, it didn't always happen and many famines, major and minor, followed as a result of the failed crops. Children lived on the streets orphaned or just from a poor family and were all uneducated. This prevented them from getting any well paying jobs to help provide for themselves. Edmund Rice was one of many people who notice this but one of few who acted.

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When his wife Mary died Edmund sought peace and sanctuary in the Catholic religion. He began devoting himself to the faith. He did a fair amount of work in the church and soon discovered all the young poor and poverty stricken children living on the streets, educationless. Upon realising that no one wanted to teach them and, after much strategic convincing by his friends, family and the bishop of Waterford, Thomas Hussey, Edmund sold his business. Using the money, he began teaching the street kids, mainly boys.

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Born in Ireland on his family farm in Westcourt, Callan, County Kilkenny on June 1st 1762, Edmund Rice spent the first few years of his life in bliss. He was born into a catholic family and as he grew older he began working at his uncle's business supplying for ships in an area near Waterford. He was married to Mary Elliot and had a beautiful daughter also named Mary. Unfortunately Mary died soon after the birth of their daughter in 1789. Edmund was 27 years of age.  His sister in law and housekeeper helped him raise Mary, but Edmund was constantly sad and miserable by the death. Eventually he moved closer to his faith. As he aged, he began teaching poverty affected children living on the streets as no one else would teach them. The school was later expanded and also taught poor girls later on. Edmund continued teaching until he retired at 76 year of age and eventually died on the 29th of August 1844 at a reasonable age of 82.