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Calvinism is a branch of Protestantism that is built upon the ideas of John Calvin. Calvinism was based off of the doctrines and teachings of John Calvin, emphasizing predestination, the sovereignty of God, limited atonement, and grace of God. Calvinism was popular and appealing to many across Europe and in some colonies in North America. It is believed that the appeal came from it's ability to explain problems of the time and provided comfort due to its activism and doctrine. As Calvinism progressed, the beliefs of Calvin himself and Calvinism became hard to distinguish.

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Puritanism was a movement of religious reform in England. Puritans sought to "purify the church." For many hardcore religious groups this meant ridding the church of fancy ornamentals like cathedrals and color. Puritanism wanted to rid the church of Catholic residue and build upon the ideas of John Calvin. Theological beliefs that the Puritans adopted consisted of total depravity, predestination, limited atonement, grace of God, and the City Upon a Hill theory.

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The City Upon a Hill theory was the idea that the Massachusetts colony would a complete utopia. John Winthrop stated, "We shall be as a city upon a hill, the eyes of all people are upon us." Winthrop wanted the colony wanted to be the example for the rest of the world. The Puritans traveling to Massachusetts colony were to be a beacon for the rest Europe, "A Modell of Christian Charity." In fact, only the elect could serve as church members and those members would be an example to the rest of the world.

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Starting in the spring of 1692, the town minister's daughter became ill sparking accusations of witchcraft. In total about 200 people were jailed and 19 men and women were put to death, all convicted of witchcraft. One way they would determine if someone was indeed a "witch" was by seeing if they had a witch's tit. Although, some people who were sentenced to death said the Lord's Prayer as their final words which was a sure sign that that person was innocent. Sometimes the only way to survive was to confess to being a witch.

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The Crucible was a play that was released in 1952 written by Arthur Miller that took place during the Salem Witch Trials of 1692-1693. Miller wrote The Crucible after standing before the House
Un-American Activities Committee and refused to give evidence to whether or not he was a Communist. This had reminded him of the witch trials that had taken place many years earlier. The play bombed when it was originally released. Now, all these years later people, less afraid of being considered a traitor of the nation, have been able to recognize modern day witch hunts.