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The God of War, named Mars, gave birth to twin sons named Romulus and Remus. Romulus named the city Rome after he killed his brother Remus and he became ruler until his death in 715 B.C.E. For the next 240 years, ancient Rome was ruled by kings.

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Romulus dies, and ancient Rome is ruled by kings who constructed temples, the senate-house, the Circus Maximus, the first sewers systems, and instituted the first census.

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The Roman Republic period begins after the king is overthrown. A new government system is installed that includes a constitution, a complex republican government, and elected officials called Senators who were elected by the people. One year later, the office of Pontifex Maximus or High Priest is created.

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The Twelve Tables of Roman Laws are published. The Twelve Tables were a set of laws inscribed on 12 bronze tablets. They were the beginning of a new approach to laws which were now passed by government and written down so that all citizens might be treated equally before them.

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Punic Wars (First, Second, and Third) between Ancient Rome and Carthage in which Rome expands its provinces. During the Third Punic War, the Ancient Greeks fall to the Romans. After the destruction of ancient Greece, the ancient Romans begin to adopt ancient Greek culture into their society.

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Spartacus, who was a gladiator, leads a rebellion of enslaved people. Spartacus is killed two years later in 71 B.C.E.

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Julius Caesar becomes the first dictator of ancient Rome. This brings closure to the ancient Roman Republic.

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Julius Caesar is assassinated by Marcus Brutus during the Ides of March. Civil war begins in ancient Rome.

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The Roman Empire begins. Caesar Augustus is named the first Roman Emperor.

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Claudius becomes emperor and invades Britain in 43 C.E.

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Nero becomes emperor, and in 64 C.E., he allows the city of Rome to burn to the ground blaming the Christians.

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Marcus Aurelius is named emperor. He dies in 180 C.E. marking the end of the Five Good Emperors.

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Diocletian becomes emperor. In 293, C.E. Diocletian makes Constantius I the co-emperor of the Western Roman Empire.

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Constantine I is named emperor. He converts to Christianity, and in 330 C.E., he makes Constantinople the new capital of the Roman Empire.

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Emperor Theodosius I makes Christianity the single religion of the Roman Empire. In 395 C.E., he officially splits the Roman Empire into two halves.

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Rome is invaded and destroyed by Alaric I, and in 447 C.E. Attila, the Hun crushes the Eastern Roman Empire.

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Romulus Augustus is named emperor. One year later, the Western Roman Empire falls.