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Explain to patient your intention
Neutral positioning
- Head and neck perpendicular to the body
-Eyes looking straight ahead and perpendicular axis to the body

Sizing of collar - Collar of the wrong size would hyperextend the neck, potentially making the condition worse.

Assemble - Flip chin piece from the back to the front

Pre-form - Flex the collar when ready

Apply the collar
- Slide back portion of the collar from either side of the neck.
- To tuck collar inwards and jewellery swept away
-Use one hand to ensure proper position of collar while the other hand tightens.

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Recognise potential and/or actual injuries and to perform appropriate immobilisation to prevent the incidents of secondary injury.

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Suspect spinal injuries based on MOI.
- Recognise signs and symptoms.
- Reduce or prevent the incidence of secondary spinal cord injuries.
- Apply appropriate spinal motion restriction

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To better understand Spinal injuries, MOI, assess and manage the casualty and principles of mobilities as according to the PAM sequence

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- To understand the MOI during the RSE evaluation.
-To conduct Spinal management during the primary survey, under the "Delicate Spine" component.

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1) Head Grip
2)Trapezius squeeze
3)Modified Trapezius squeeze
4)Sternal Grip
5)Sternal Spinal Grip

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Penetrating Trauma - Object pierce the skin and enters body tissue, creating an open wound
Blunt Trauma -  Occurs during impact, but skin is not necessarily broken
Spinal Cord Contusion - caused by fracture, dislocation or direct trauma
Cord lacerations - usually occur when a projectile or bone enters the spinal canal.

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- Pain, stiffness or tenderness at the cervical area or along the spinal region

- Contusion at the cervical area or along the spinal region

- Deformity felt when palpating the cervical area

- Paralysis

- Numbness or tingling sensation

- Priapism (erection does not go back to flaccid state)

- Fecal or urinary incontinence

- Spinal or neurogenic shock
- Hypotension