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The poem "Black Privilege" is the in view of have the benefits attain from the dominant society however the opposite. Performed by Crystal Valentine.

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Crystal Valentine - "Black Privilege" (CUPSI 2015 Finals)

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Support Button Poetry! Check out our newest project: http://bit.ly/buttonlive Subscribe to Button! New videos daily: http://bit.ly/buttonpoetry If you loved this poem, check out Sam Lai: http://bit.ly/1cNb7aj Support Crystal's writing career: http://www.gofundme.com/crystalvalentine Performing for NYU during finals at the 2015 College Unions Poetry Slam Invitational. NYU won the tournament.

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(Re)Birth of Double Consciousness in the 21 century 

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(Re)Birth of Double Consciousness in the 21 century 

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The lingering effects of the theory of W.E.B DuBois of double consciousness through education in the 21 century.

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The (re)birth of the double consciousness | Nicole Johnson | TEDxGallatin 2014

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Walker is an American poet as well as a writer that was involved in the African American literary movement.

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In this TED Talk a novelist by the name of Chimamanda Adichie chooses to share how she came about discovering a voice that was genuine to her culture. She discusses her experiences with British literature and its influence on her own writings at the beginning of her literary journey.

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Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie: The Danger of a Single Story | TED

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"Sometimes I feel discriminated against, but it does not make me angry. It merely astonishes me. How can anyone deny themselves the pleasure of my company? It's beyond me." Z.N. Hurston

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Free Women of Color with Their Children and Servants in a Landscape

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Free Women of Color with Their Children and Servants in a Landscape

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Agostino Brunias ca. 1770-1796. Oil on canvas, Brooklyn Museum.

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An author that pushes the boundaries of the talk of conventional colorism, sexuality, and gender through black woman experience.

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Richard Wright and Zora Neale Hurston's similar political approach for the black female voice is explored and examined in this article.

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The Penumbral Spaces of Nella Larsen's Passing

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The Penumbral Spaces of Nella Larsen's Passing

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This article discusses Nella Larsen's Passing by exploring the ideas of mobile identity and how it weakens the idea of race & race spaces.

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Analysis of the novel  Passing by Nella Larsen 

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Analysis of the novel  Passing by Nella Larsen 

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In this analysis for Passing, highlights themes of colorism, racial passing, gender presented in Passing by Nella Larsen through W.E.B DuBois's theory of double consciousness.

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A TEDtalk delievered by

Rhon Manigault-Bryant talks
about the image of the black women from 1810 to the present, and the complexities of convey that image in science-fiction books. (stop at 9:33)

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Woodrow Wilson National Fellowship Foundation

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Rhon Manigault-Bryant is an assistant professor of Africana studies at Williams College. She is a scholar-artist who merges her life as a musician and vocalist with her interdisciplinary specializations in religion, gender, race, music, popular culture, and ethnographic methods.

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Created in 1810, by

Benoist, Marie-Guillemine. The subject's name is unknown.

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Slaves Waiting for Sale, Richmond, Virginia 

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Slaves Waiting for Sale, Richmond, Virginia 

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'Slaves Waiting for Sale' by Eyre Crowe (1861). (Heinz collection, Washington DC)

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Édouard Manet, Olympia, oil on canvas, 1863 (Musée d'Orsay, Paris)

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This 1825 oil painting of unknown English artist. This is a depiction of power dynamics of what white men has-- this shows degradation and emasculation of both African- Americans women and men.

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"I am that I am"- Sojourner Truth

A Biblical reference to Exodus 3:14 (KJV)

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Art about  African-American women's "role" in society

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Art about  African-American women's "role" in society

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These are depictions of African-American women throughout various periods.

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Criticisms of the Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl 

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Criticisms of the Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl 

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Within this piece, that reflects the dilemmas of the what women and girls dealt with in slavery. This was written by Sonia Sedano Vivanco.

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The Black Arts Movement Era (1960-1975) 

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The Black Arts Movement Era (1960-1975) 

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The Political and Advocacy through creative works, like visual arts, dance, theater, music and the advocacy movement for civil rights.

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One of the first historian to begin the foundation of African-American history, culture, and language.

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Sojourner Truth, was prolific abolitionist and feminist that was once a slave who was emancipated who traveled across the country to deliver speeches about women's and slave's civil rights. In the speeches highlighted that African-American women rights are forgotten in the greater context of these movements. Although, she was an illiterate this did not over shadow her impact in American history.

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A collective writer and author similar to Equiano, Phyllis Wheatley was privileged to gain experience international travel as writer in London. She was considered to be a literary prodigy after she had to prove herself among a panel of men reciting the early literary works of American and European author with the underlying insight that African-Americans were capable of such quality. She was writer, activist, and poet and Massachusetts' national literary icon.

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An early works of recorded experience about the Slave Trade and different areas of travel that slaves had to go through. Equiano retells his ordeal about being a son of high official in his Ibo community (Nigeria) to the kidnapping of himself and his sister, to the ports amongst the Caribbean to a brief staying in Northern America to servtitude in England. Later, in his life- he became free then became an author, sailor, advocate for civil rights of slaves as owned English gentleman.

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Ain't I a Woman, a speech delivered by Sojourner Truth, who was a feminist, abolitionist, oral author. She delivered this speech at the Women Conference in Akron, 1851, which was reported in the Anti-Slavery Bugle, of June 21, 1851.

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Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl written by Harriet Jacobs, an author and activist who was born in slavery in North Carolina however she fought her way to freedom. A prolific literary work about slavery through a woman's eyes about the broader context about the mental and psychical degradation.

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Slave Narratives: The disquisition of Slavery and Freedom  c.1746-1865

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Slave Narratives: The disquisition of Slavery and Freedom  c.1746-1865

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The beginning of written recordings about experiences of facing the systemic oppression of slavery. This was considered to be revolutionary to be first and or second generation African-American to write and speak against this system.

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The Atlantic Slave Trade: 15th century to  late 1700s 

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The Atlantic Slave Trade: 15th century to  late 1700s 

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The route of import of West African Slaves as commercial goods within North, South Americas, Caribbean and Europe.

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In this video, a Blues singer named Billie Holiday preforming "Strange Fruit" her iconic social critique about the public lynchings in the South and across America, essentially.

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In this video, a Blues singer named Bessie Smith preforming her song "Young Woman Blues." It can be inferred that purpose of this song is a woman who was left by her partner after what it seems like she was falling for him. However, despite the grief she has to move on.

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Young Woman's Blues (Bessie Smith) Bessie Smith (vocals) born 15th April 1894, died 26th September 1937 (apologies for the wrong birth date at the start of the video) with Joe Smith (cornet) Buster Bailey (clarinet) Fletcher Henderson (piano) recorded 26th October 1926 142878-3 CO 14179-D.

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Colorism, a systemic and institutionalized form of prejudice against those of a type of complexion within one's community. Dating back to the Slave Trade to complementary times.

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The Harlem Renaissance Era: It was the revolutionized phenomenon of the rendition cultural traditions that was layered and reformed into a new artistic movement and period.

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The Aftermath of the  historical legacy 

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The Aftermath of the  historical legacy 

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The poem "To be Black and a Woman and Alive" is the one's interpetation the degradation and sexualization of African-American women in the face of one's community and others. The pressures of the expectations that is internalized for a young woman.  Performed by Crystal Valentine & Aaliyah Jihad at the 2015 College Unions Poetry Slam Invitational

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Crystal Valentine & Aaliyah Jihad - "To Be Black and Woman and Alive"

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Support Button Poetry! Check out our newest project: http://bit.ly/buttonlive Subscribe to Button! New videos daily: http://bit.ly/buttonpoetry If you loved this poem, check out Ela Barton: http://bit.ly/1AtDDqJ Performing for NYU during finals at the 2015 College Unions Poetry Slam Invitational. NYU won the tournament.

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Evolution of the  Exhibitionism of the African-American woman's body  

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Evolution of the  Exhibitionism of the African-American woman's body  

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In this illustration is the depiction of Saarjite "Sarah" Baartman. A South African woman who was enslaved and was put on public exhibited throughout Europe in 1810 to her early death in 1815 at the age of 26.

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The piece called "The Birth of Blues" by a Harlem Renaissance painter, illustrator and graphic designer-- Aaron Douglas

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These literary works are about the question of existence the African-American woman. The critique of one's body and art are some of the images of what African-American women their roles were.

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The piece called "Cafe" by a Harlem Renaissance artist William N. Johnson.

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A piece within the act "Revelation" is about the culture of faith and African-American women.

Choreographed by Alvin Ailey

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[Arthaus 100452] EVENING WITH THE ALVIN AILEY AMERICAN DANCE THEATER (AN)

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EVENING WITH THE ALVIN AILEY AMERICAN DANCE THEATER (AN) AN EVENING WITH THE ALVIN AILEY AMERICAN DANCE THEATER DIVINING: Choreography by Judith Jamison REVELATIONS: Choreography by Alvin Ailey THE STACK-UP: Choreography by Talley Beatty CRY: Choreography by Alvin Ailey Produced and Directed by THOMAS GRIMM Picture Format: 16:9 Sound Format:

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The  Creative Interpretation of Spirituals 

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The  Creative Interpretation of Spirituals 

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A piece within the act "Revelation" is about the culture of faith and African-Americans. The piece "Wade in the Water" a historical and complementary spiritual dance interpretation.

Choreographed Alvin Ailey

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The societal perception of fear towards African-Americans is through white society's own insecurities and trepidation explained by James Baldwin.

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Who is the Nigger? -James Baldwin (clip)

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A clip from, "Take this Hammer"... KQED's mobile film unit follows author and activist James Baldwin in the spring of 1963, as he's driven around San Francisco to meet with members of the local African-American community.