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All this information about the appearance of the universe and later the solar system represents the very first page in human history. It took billions of years until they were all created the way we know them today. Our planet, the Earth, is different from any other planet primarily because it is the only place in the known universe confirmed to host life. But theories and research are still ongoing and we never know what can be discovered.

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One of my favorite topics related to the universe is The Big Bang theory. This theory is the leading explanation about how the universe began. At its simplest, it says the universe as we know it started with a small singularity, then inflated over the next 13.8 billion years to the cosmos that we know today. Much of the theoretical work in cosmology now involves extensions to the basic Big Bang model.

Just two years later, an astronomer named Edwin Hubble noticed that other galaxies were moving away from us. And that’s not all. The farthest galaxies were moving faster than the ones close to us. This meant that the universe was still expanding. If things were moving apart, it meant that long ago, everything had been close together.

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The Sun—the heart of our solar system—is a yellow dwarf star, a hot ball of glowing gases. Its gravity holds the solar system together, keeping everything from the biggest planets to the smallest particles of debris in its orbit. Electric currents in the Sun generate a magnetic field that is carried out through the solar system by the solar wind—a stream of electrically charged gas blowing outward from the Sun in all directions.

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The Solar System formed 4.6 billion years ago from the gravitational collapse of a giant interstellar molecular cloud. The system is located in one of the outer arms of the Milky Way galaxy (more precisely in the Orion Arm), a galaxy that has approx. 200 billion stars.

Our solar system consists of our star, the Sun, and everything bound to it by gravity — the planets Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune, dwarf planets such as Pluto, dozens of moons and millions of asteroids, comets and meteoroids.

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The planets in our solar system didn’t appear out of nowhere. Neither did the Sun. They were all part of a big cloud of gas and dust. Gravity collected lots of material in the center to create the Sun. The left over stuff swirled around the forming Sun, colliding and collecting together. Some would have enough gravity to attract even more gas and dust, eventually forming planets.

At that time, hundreds of protoplanets may have existed in the early solar system, but along the way, they either merged or were destroyed, forming planets and dwarf planets, and the remains became minor objects.

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Mercury is the innermost planet of the Solar System and the eighth in size and mass. Its closeness to the Sun and its smallness make it the most elusive of the planets visible to the unaided eye. Because its rising or setting is always within about two hours of the Sun’s, it is never observable when the sky is fully dark. Mercury is designated by the symbol ☿.

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Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun – a dusty, cold, desert world with a very thin atmosphere. Mars is also a dynamic planet with seasons, polar ice caps, canyons, extinct volcanoes, and evidence that it was even more active in the past. Mars was named by the ancient Romans for their god of war because its reddish color was reminiscent of blood. Even today, it is frequently called the "Red Planet" because iron minerals in the Martian dirt oxidize, or rust, causing the surface to look red. Mars is designated by the symbol ♂.

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The third planet from the Sun and the fifth largest planet in the Solar System in terms of size and mass. Its single most outstanding feature is that its near-surface environments are the only places in the universe known to harbour life. Earth is the only world in our solar system with liquid water on the surface. Over time, Earth's interior, which is made mostly of silicate rocks and metals, differentiated into four layers: the inner core, the outer core, the mantle and the crust. It is designated by the symbol ♁.

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Saturn is the sixth planet from the Sun and the second largest planet in our Solar System. In the night sky Saturn is easily visible to the unaided eye as a non-twinkling point of light. When viewed through even a small telescope, the planet encircled by its magnificent rings is arguably the most sublime object in the Solar System. Surrounded by more than 60 known moons, Saturn is home to some of the most fascinating landscapes in our Solar System. Saturn is designated by the symbol ♄.

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Pluto, large, distant member of the Solar System that formerly was regarded as the outermost and smallest planet. It also was considered the most recently discovered planet, having been found in 1930. In August 2006 the International Astronomical Union charged by the scientific community with classifying astronomical objects, voted to remove Pluto from the list of planets and give it the new classification of dwarf planet. Pluto is not visible in the night sky to the unaided eye. Its largest moon, Charon, is close enough in size to Pluto that it has become common to refer to the two bodies as a double system. Pluto is designated by the symbol ♇.

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Neptune is the most distant of the Solar System's eight planets. Find out about the blue world's orbit, which of Neptune's moons is the largest, and how the planet is home to the most severe weather in the Solar System. Neptune is the windiest planet in our Solar System, whipping up momentous gusts that can reach more than 1,200 miles an hour. Because of its great distance from Earth, it cannot be seen with the unaided eye. With a small telescope, it appears as a tiny, faint blue-green disk. It is designated by the symbol ♆.

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Jupiter is the most massive planet of the Solar System and the fifth in distance from the Sun. It is one of the brightest objects in the night sky. Surrounding Jupiter is a faint planetary ring system and a powerful magnetosphere. Jupiter's familiar stripes and swirls are actually cold, windy clouds of ammonia and water, floating in an atmosphere of hydrogen and helium. Jupiter’s iconic Great Red Spot is a giant storm bigger than Earth that has raged for hundreds of years. Jupiter is designated by the symbol ♃.

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The seventh planet from the Sun with the third largest diameter in our Solar System, Uranus is very cold and windy. He also has faint rings. The inner rings are narrow and dark. The outer rings are brightly colored and easier to see. At its brightest, Uranus is just visible to the unaided eye as a blue-green point of light. It is designated by the symbol ♅.

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Venus is the second planet from the Sun and sixth in the solar system in size and mass. No planet approaches closer to Earth than Venus. Because Venus’s orbit is nearer the Sun than Earth’s, the planet is always roughly in the same direction in the sky as the Sun and can be seen only in the hours near sunrise or sunset. When it is visible, it is the most brilliant planet in the sky. Venus is designated by the symbol ♀.