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Odysseus' ordinary world is Ithaca. In Sailing From Troy Odysseus states that "my home is on the peaked sea-mark of Ithaca" Homer Line 21). He lives in Ithaca with his wife and son.

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Odysseus did not want to participate in the war. Athena convinced him to sail to Troy and use his intelligence to defeat the Trojans.

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Teiresias: Odysseus met Teiresias in Hades where he foretold his future, "I see destruction for ship and crew. Though you survive alone, bereft of all companions, lost for years, under strange sail shall you come home..." (Homer Line 645). This all came true by the end of the story.
Athena: Athena helped him in the Trojan War and the Cyclops, "And now I pondered how to hurt him worst, if but Athena granted what I prayed for" (Homer Line 263).
Circe: At the beginning he was going against Odysseus but now he is helping him.

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Crossing the Threshold (The Land of the Dead) 

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Crossing the Threshold (The Land of the Dead) 

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Odysseus enters the land of dead when he crosses the threshold. "could not see the long steep backward latter, coming down, and fell that height. My neckbone, buckled under, snapped, and my spirit found this well of dark" (Homer Line 592).

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The first test was the Battle of the Cicones, "the main force of Cicones. This was an army, trained to fight on horseback" (Homer Line 52).

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People there had shown no desire to leave and only wanted to eat the lotus flowers, "...but those who ate this honeyed plant, the Lotus, never cared to report, nor to return: they longed to stay forever" (Homer Line 97).

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This is when Polyphemus was introduced. Odysseus and his men show hospitality but Polyphemus did not respect their greek values. Athena gave Odysseus intelligence, they ended up stabbing his eye and got away. "Let it be your father Poseidon Lord, to whom you pray" (Homer Line 63).

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The king of wind gifted Odysseus with wind from all directions, except for the west wind. Aeolia sent this "loose storm that sends them back to Aeolia" (Homer).

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Odysseus and his men "sail for seven days and arrive the Land of Laestrygonians" (Homer). They were thrown with creatures that destroyed the ships. The ship Odysseus sailed in did not get destroyed.

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Odysseus' men turn into swine, Circe states that to turn them back he has to go to The Land of The Dead and consult with Tiresias. After returning, Polyphemus got what he had wished, "under strange sail shall you come home, to find your own house filled with trouble: insolent men eating you livestock as they court your lady" (Homer 649).

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Odysseus made his men tie him up so he would hear The Sirens and the men would have beeswax in, "I carved a massive cake of beeswax into bits..." (Homer Line 708).

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Scylla is a six-headed monster who, when ships pass by, swallows one sailor. He then had to make it out without falling into "charybdis whirlpool" (Homer). Odysseus and most of his men make it out after sacrificing it all.

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Zeus strikes his boat and all of his men drown expect for himself. He proves himself to Zeus by surviving the monsters. He arrives in Ogygia, "9 days I drifted in the open sea before I made shore..." (Homer Line 989). He escaped by telling his story to the Phaeacians and received a boat.

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After Odysseus had told the Phaeacians about his story they helped him sail home, "The next day, young Phaeacian noblemen conduct him home by ship (Homer). Another ally was Telemachus, he helped him fight off the suitors, "the great soldier give way at the door. But with a spear thrown from behind, Telemachus hit him between the shoulders" (Homer 1497). Eumaeus had also helped him fight the suitors, "I can arm the run myself: I'll give outfits to Eumaeus and his cowherd" (Homer 1509).

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Odysseus' enemies were the suitors. "In blood and dust he saw that crowd all fallen, many and many slain" (Homer). Odysseus had killed all the suitors. While Odysseus was away they had tried to court his wife.

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Odysseus had told his men not to eat any of the cattle. As Odysseus had woken up he found his men out there doing exactly what he had told them not to do, "Come, we'll cut out the noblest of these cattle..." (Homer). Helios did not like this because he wanted the men to be punished.

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The supreme ordeal was the fight against the suitors. "Fight, I say, let's remember the joy of it...." (Homer Line 1479). They had killed all the suitors.

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He was looked at as a beggar by Athena and then he later revealed his true identity to her, "No other Odysseus will ever come, for he and I are one, the same..." (Homer Line 1049).

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Odysseus' reward was reuniting with his family "... Odysseus has regained his family and his kingdom" (Homer).

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Odysseus is considered a hero because he led his men through the journey. He showed intelligence, courage,and bravery throughout all the tests. When he escaped Polyphemus, "I tied them silently together, twining cords of willow from the ogre's bed; then slung a man under each middle one to ride there safely, shielded left and right" (Odysseus 378). He also showed loyalty to his wife and son as he was gone for so long. "No god, why take me for a god? No, no. I am that father whom your brotherhood lacked and suffered pain for lack of. I am he" (Homer).