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John Amos Comenius was known for books with illustrations. He published the first widely used childrens textbook with pictures. He believed that teachers should follow a child's own timetable and well as learning by doing, using the senses, and making it exciting. He thought these were the best ways for children to learn. He also strongly believed in allowing all children receiving an education no matter if they were poor or rich.

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Among the most famous philosophers and political theorists of the 17th century. He believed education needed to take into account individual differences of children, and his goal was to make a “reasoning creature” so able to conduct business. He thought that instruction should be playful and pleasant as well as drills. He also believed that all children are born equal. They are like blank slates or tabula rasa. Their development takes place due to the influence of environment. The environment shapes a child's behavior.

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Jean-Jacques Rousseau was a Genevan born political and moral philosopher of the Enlightenment Era. He believed children learn from first hand information and education should match the level of development. He stated that children are born with inherent talents and potential, which unfold as they grow. He infucenecd future educators such as Froebel and Montessori.

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Pestalozzi was the founder of what became known as the 'Pestalozzi Method' for the education of young children. He believed that children should learn through activity and through the handling and use of material objects rather than simply through words. He also thought children would learn better if they were being taught in groups rather than with tutors.

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Froebel was a German pedagogue, a student of Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi, who laid the foundation for modern education based on the recognition that children have unique needs and capabilities. He was the "father" of kindergarten. He believed that early childhood should we pleasant and children should be able to play and have trained teachers.

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Hall was a psychologist and educator with a focus on childhood development. He was a strong believer in the scientific method and its application to the study of human nature. He was known as the "father" of experimental psychology and believed that high school should be to teach about adolescence and not to prepare students for college.

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John Dewey was an American philosopher, psychologist, and educational reformer. He had a big influence on current teaching practices and believed education should be integrated into life and support living in society (learning and living inseparable). He thought that children were naturally good and school should focus on all the basics not just a few.

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Montessori was an Italian physician and educator best known for her philosophy of education and her writing on scientific pedagogy. She was the first female physician in Italy and believed education begins at birth and that liked an educational approach that emphasises individualised instruction and self-paced learning. She worked with poor and cognitively disabled children.

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Piaget was a Swiss psychologist known for his work on child development. He proposed a theory of development that outlined four main stages, and believed that children progress through these stages in a fixed order. He described the process of assimilation and accommodation as essential components of cognitive development which is what he is known for.

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Skinner was an American psychologist, behaviorist, inventor, and social philosopher. He was considered the father of Behaviorism. He introduced the concept of reinforcement as a key factor in shaping and controlling behavior and invented a controlled environment used to study the behavior of organisms. Skinner did an experiment and used a hungry rat in a Skinner box to show how positive reinforcement works.