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the articles of confederation are ratified, establishing the first government of the United States with a weak central government

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The revolutionary war formally ends with the Treaty of Paris in which Britain recognizes US independence and cedes territory up to the Mississippi River

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Spain gained control of Mobile, while the United States received the rest of the territory that would become Alabama.

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significant white settlement began in Alabama only after the revolutionary

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delegates meet in Philadelphia to draft the us constitution, which creates a stronger central government with separate legislative, executive, and judicial branches

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The first ten amendments to the constitution are ratified. The Bill of rights ensures individual liberties such as freedom of religion and speech.

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The US buys the Louisiana Territory from France, doubling its size and sparking interest in westward expansion.

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the United States built fort bowyer on mobile point, alabama in 1813 to protect the port from a british attack. the fort was abandoned in 1814 when the threat of a British invasion decreased

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The US declares war on Britain due to trade restrictions, impressment of American Sailors, and British support for Native American resistance. The war ends in a stalemate but boots national pride.

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On August 30, 1813, a group of creeks called the Red sticks attacked American settlers at fort Mims, north of Mobile. The Red sticks killed between 400 and 500 people, including women, children, and white settlers. This attack is considered a primary cause of the war.

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General Andrew Jackson defeated the Creek at this battle. Major General Andrew Jackson led a force against the Creeks in the Battle of Horseshoe bend, Which took place near the Georgia border in present day Alabama. The Battle was one of the bloodiest in the war, with 800-900 Creeks killed and Jackson's army suffering 49 killed and 154 wounded. The Battle destroyed the Creek military power.

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the Alabama territory was established in 1817

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Delegates from across the Alabama territory drafted a constitution for statehood in Huntsville.

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To balance free and slave states, Missouri enters the Union as a slave state, and Maine as a free state. Slavery is banned north of the 36 30' parallel in the Louisiana Territory.