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The Civil Rights Movement was a mass reform effort in the United States during the 1950s and 1960s to end racial segregation and discrimination, especially against African Americans. It grew out of the long history of racial discrimination but received its spark after World War II, when African Americans started pressing for equal rights and the transmission of systemic injustice. The main objectives included a guarantee of voting rights, desegregation of schools and public places, and a right to equal employment and education. Figures such as Martin Luther King Jr., Rosa Parks, Malcolm X, and organizations such as the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, popularly known as SCLC, and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, also called SNCC, led various protests, lawsuits, and marches to bring out into the open what segregation really was and to bring out change. These landmark events were supported by the broad-based people and earned such milestone legislative victories as the 1964 Civil Rights Act, the landmark legislation that prohibited discrimination in public accommodations and employment, and the 1965 Voting Rights Act, the landmark legislation that guaranteed voting rights for all citizens. While the success of the Civil Rights Movement did not stop at being merely the courts, its wider action has turned out to be continuous within the different struggles for justice, equity, and social change throughout America.

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Although many great figures affected the very powerful movement, I’m going to focus solely on the affects the powerful Malcolm X had on it, and who exactly he was. Malcolm X was the major African American leader and activist who preached black empowerment, racial pride, and self-defense until his assassination in 1965. A member of the Nation of Islam until he broke with the organization, his views changed after a pilgrimage to Mecca when he adopted a more conciliatory approach to the struggle against racism. He is the most noted figure in the Civil Rights Movement, with powerful speeches until he was assassinated in 1965. He is considered a leading figure in struggles seeking racial justice and equality.

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One of the most popular and powerful speeches Malcolm had was named “The Ballot or The Bullet.” Malcolm X, during this speech, called for African Americans to assert their right to vote but at the same time warned them that if the ballot does not guarantee political and civil rights, they may be forced to defend themselves through other means, including violence. He pressed upon black self-determination, unity, and self-defense; he blamed both the federal government and the civil rights establishment for failing to address systemic racism. Malcolm X is calling for a more dramatic, assertive action toward gaining equality and justice.

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Malcolm X had a deep impact on the Civil Rights Movement due to being one who punish racial integration and supported Black self-determination, racial pride, and self-defense. His renunciation of nonviolent resistance, as opposed to leaders such as Martin Luther King Jr., was to call people to a more militant and radical approach to racial equality. Malcolm's focus on Black empowerment and his questioning of the mainstream civil rights agenda found expression in the emergence of Black Power and left an enduring mark on both African American activism and broader social movements.