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An abrasion is a wound caused by damage to the skin, usually due to friction against a rough surface. Often referred to as a scrape or graze.

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Wash hands and wear gloves.

Clean the wound with mild soap and water.

Apply antibiotic ointment.

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Cover with a sterile non-stick bandage.

Change bandage daily or when dirty/wet.

No referral unless large or signs of infection appear.

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A laceration is a deep cut or tear in the skin or flesh, often caused by sharp objects.

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Apply pressure to stop bleeding.

Clean wound gently with water.

Cover with sterile dressing.

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May require stitches depending on depth/length.

Monitor for infection.

Referral to urgent care or ER if bleeding doesn’t stop or wound is deep.

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A puncture wound is a deep wound caused by a sharp, pointed object that penetrates the skin.

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Do not remove object if embedded; stabilize it.

Control bleeding around the wound.

Clean the surface around the wound.

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High risk of infection – Tetanus shot may be needed.

Referral to doctor for further care.

Do not close the wound tightly; allow drainage.

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An avulsion is a wound where tissue is torn away from the body, often involving heavy bleeding.

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Apply direct pressure to control bleeding.

Wrap the tissue in sterile gauze if detached and send with patient.

Cover wound with clean dressing.

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Immediate medical attention required.

May need stitches or surgery.

Watch for signs of infection.

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An incision is a clean, straight cut often made by a sharp tool such as a knife or scalpel

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Control bleeding with direct pressure.

Clean wound and cover with sterile bandage.

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Likely needs stitches or closure strips.

Keep dry and clean.

Referral to healthcare provider if deep.

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Wash hands before and after wound care.

Always wear disposable gloves.

Use sterile tools and materials.

Dispose of waste properly.

Avoid contact with blood or bodily fluids.

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Signs of Infection:

Increased redness and swelling

Pus or cloudy drainage

Foul odor

Fever

Pain that worsens over time