# data[].attributes.body
Colonial Americans relied heavily on water power to fuel industry. A Mills placed at the bottom of a waterfall used the force of the falling water. A sawmill was especially common because wood was plentiful and the colonists used lumber to build house, ships and to make millions of barrels for trade and industry. The water will turned by a waterfall or steam. It provided the power to operate the mill. The water wheel powered the mechanism that moved the logs through the mill. Gears would attach to the water wheel love the aw blade up and down to cut the logs as they move past. Then the cut lumber falls in to the stream at the end of the mill to be gathered later.

# data[].attributes.body
In 1798 Whitney began producing muskets in the first factory to rely on interchangeable parts. Interchangeable would save time and money in society. The idea of interchangeable parts spread rapidly. Inventors designed machines to produce interchangeable parts for lots of thing. For example they would make it for clocks, locks, and many other goods.

# data[].attributes.body
In 1800 about five million Americans lived in rural areas compared to 322,000 who lived in cities. In the industrial revolution many people left farms for cities. They were attracted by the job opportunities to be found in factories. Investors found that factors produced a profit and they used that profit for building more factories that attracted more workers from farms. Urbanization increased as the indusrry grew. In 1800 only 6% of the nations population lived in urban areas by 1850 the number raised by 15%.

# data[].attributes.body
In 1812 a Boston merchant ,Francis Cabot Lowell, found a way to improve on British textile mills. In Britain, one factory spun thread and the second wove it into cloth. Why not? Lowell wondered, combine spinning and weaving under one roof. He built a new mill in waltham massachusetts. It had all the machines need to turn raw cotton into finished cloth.

# data[].attributes.body
Jethro wood began the manufacture of an iron plow with replaceable parts. He improved the idea when he invented a lightweight steel plow which would help society get the work done fast because it would be lighter for the oxen or house that pull the plows so they will be faster. with the earlier plows the ox was strong but slow and the house less strong but faster than the ox so it could pull the steel plow through a field faster.

# data[].attributes.body
In 1836 a village of five farm families in massachusetts boasted more than 10,00 people in the village. Some visitors described it as a model community with "small wooden houses, painted white, with green blinds, very neat, very snug, and very nicely carpeted.

# data[].attributes.body
pg 428   In 1840 a disease destroyed the harvest potatoes, witch were the main food of the poor people. Other crops like oats, and wheat were not affected. During this time Ireland was under British rule and most Irish crops were exported to England. When the large part of the potatoes crop was lost to the disease, British land owners continued to ship the wheat and the oats to England. There was not a lot of the Irish to eat.This caused a severe food shortage and thousand of people died of starvation.

# data[].attributes.body
On May 24, 1844 Morse set up his telegraph in washington in the supreme court chamber.The telegraph help many businesses thrive. merchants and farmers could have quick access to information about demand, prices, and supply. of goods in different areas of the county. The availability of nearly instant information about a lot of things like if markets changed the way goods were sold and contributed to the development of a nationwide market.

# data[].attributes.body
To work in the new mills, the company hired young women from nearby farms and they called them the Lowell girls.Not just young women worked in the mill but there daughters too. But to reassure the parents, the company built boarding houses, or buildings with many shared bedrooms and kitchen that served meals. They also made a rule to protect all the young women.The mill owner mostly hired women and children so they could pay women and children half of what they would have men.

# data[].attributes.body
pg 423 Rial roads allowed factory owners to transport large amounts of finished goods and raw materials cheaply and quickly. The railroads stretched across the nation they linked distant towns with cities and factories. These tons became new markets for factory goods. The railroads really increased the size of the American marketplace as well as fueled even more factory production. The railroads would bring cheap grain and other types of foods from the west to New England. The New England farmers could not compete with this new source of cheap foods. Many left their farms to find new jobs in towns and cities as factory workers, store clerks, and sailors.