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The Ottomans ended Byzantine Empire by capturing Constantinople. Later on he renamed it Istanbul, which became the Ottoman's capital and the center of their government.

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A family know as the Umayyads gained power.

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The Ottoman's challenged the Safavid Empire. Then they captured Syria, Palestine, and Egypt from other Muslims rulers.

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The rulers in Ottoman is called sultans. The greatest ruler in Ottoman is Suleyman I. He was known as Suleyman the Magnificent.

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The leader of the clan died the father son will get the clan.

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There are two major Muslim group the Sunni and the Shi'ite. The Sunni accepted Umayyad rule and the Shi'ite believed the members of the Muhammad family could rule the caliph.

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Women in the Ottoman Empire led more restricted lives than men in the Ottoman Empire ever did. Lower class women in Ottoman empire had more access to public area, but the upper class women mostly isolated themselves Upper class women promote the art, architecture, and charitable causes..

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The Safavid became rivals with the Ottomans. A youthful leader named Ismail united the Persian kingdom into an independent state. The war between the Ottomans and the Safavid kingdom lasted for 100 years.

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Beside the spilt the Umayyads have expanded the Muslim Empire and they have gain a lot of wealth and power.

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The Byzantine Empire falling into Ottoman Empire.

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The Safavid used their wealth to build fabulous palaces, mosques, schools, hospital, roads, and bridges. They made their capital into the most beautiful cities in the world. It had a lot of mosques and public bath.

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The Umayyads had a rival clan which was the Abbasid and Abbasid overthrew them.

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The Safavid Empire activity spread Shi'ite Islam.

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The Shi'ite supported the Abbasids because they overthrew the Umayyad.

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They had a weak leader so in 1722 a group of Afghan warriors invaded Safavid. After they invaded Safavid , Safavid resulted in its downfall.

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Afghan invading Safavid

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The Abbasids ruled the prosperous golden age in the Muslim history, but the caliphs was isolated.

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The Mughals were nomads from Central Asia. They invaded India. A leader named Babur swept Central Asia. He also conquered north and central India.

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Eventually a group called Seijuk converted to Islam and control the government of the Muslim Empire.

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A leader name Akbar the great became king when he was thirteen. He allowed different religious to flourish the empire.

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The empire became the most dazzling splendor and wealth. He collected a lot of jewels and exported Indian art from Europe,

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The last surviving prince Abd al-Rahman of the Umayyads conquered Spain and Còrdoba and called the state al-Andalus.

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He commissioned to India's most famous building. It is called the Taj Mahal in memory of his beloved wife. His beloved wife died at a very young age. The Taj Mahal was built with white marbles, and the monument served as a testament to the power and glory of Mughal rule.

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In 1857 the British gained control of Mughal and sent the last Mughal empire to exile.

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The famous building , Taj Mahal, built for Shah Jahan's wife memorable.

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Abd al-Rahman III had fought the rebels that wanted to take over and preserved the power of the Umayyads of all Muslim Spain.

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Abd al-Rahman III transformed Cordoba into one of the largest cities in the world. He built a lot of palaces and extended the Great Mosques. Cordoba became the most celebrated as a center of learning. They have a huge library that contain 400,000 books in Cordoba, Christians, Jews, and Muslims.

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When Abd al-Rahman III died a civil war broke out and al-Andalus had spilt into many small Muslim kingdoms.

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The Abbasids overthrowing Umayyads.

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The Great Mosques that Abd al- Rahman III extended.