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Colossal raises $200M to “de-extinct” the woolly mammoth, thylacine and dodo - Colossal

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Colossal BioSciences has raised $200 million in a new round of funding to bring back extinct species like the woolly mammoth. […]

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Importance of Wildflowers for our Ecosystem | Blueland

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We’re all used to seeing them, but did you know that they are also important to maintain biodiversity in our ecosystems

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Habitat loss is one of the biggest threats to bees. They need places where they can find food and build their hives. They need flowers and trees. And many bees build their nests underground. Their babies grow up there and come out in the spring.

How can you create safe places for bees?

One way is to plant trees. Bees feed on tree blossoms in the spring. They use the leaves to build their nests. And trees are good places for bees to hide. Be sure to plant native trees. These are the trees that naturally grow in the area. That way, the bees will feel right at home.

You can also plant a flower garden. Choose flowers that blossom at different times. The more colorful, the better. Leave some of the dirt bare, to allow bees to build ground nests. If you don't have a lot of space, a flowerpot will do. Or a window box. And put the sprays away! Pesticides are harmful to bees.

Don't have a green thumb?

There are other ways to protect bees. Buy only local honey. This will support the beekeepers in your area. And learn everything you can about bees. Show others how much you care. Let's work together to save these creatures that do so much for us.

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Habitat loss is one of the biggest threats to bees. They need places where they can find food and build their hives. They need flowers and trees. And many bees build their nests underground. Their babies grow up there and...

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Don't forget to change your clocks! Daylight saving time ends for most of the United States on Sunday, November 7.

The law says that people must set their clocks back to standard time at 2 a.m. on the first Sunday in November. That means changing the clock back one hour at 2 a.m. During the winter months, there will be a bit more light in the morning, but the sun will set earlier in the evening.

Some places, like American Samoa, Hawaii, and most of Arizona, don't mess with Father Time. But why do we move our clocks one hour forward in the spring anyway? There was no standardized time until train travel became common. The U.S. railroad industry established time zones with standard times in 1883, and Congress made the railroad's system a law in 1918. The next year, the decision of whether or not to observe daylight saving time was left up to individual jurisdictions.

When updating legislation in the 1980s, Congress noted that daylight saving time has many benefits, including "more daylight outdoor playtime for the children and youth of our Nation."

Not everyone agrees that this is beneficial, however. Till Roenneberg, a chronobiologist at Ludwig-Maximillians-University in Munich, Germany, says that our bodies never really adjust to the different light schedule during daylight saving time.

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Don't forget to change your clocks! Daylight saving time ends for most of the United States on Sunday, November 7. The law says that people must set their clocks back to standard time at 2 a.m. on the first Sunday in November. That means changing the clock back one hour at 2 a.m.

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Daylight Saving Time | Pros, Cons, Debate, Arguments, Standard Time, Clock Change, & Time | Britannica

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Should the United States keep Daylight Saving Time? Learn the pros and cons of the debate.

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Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health

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7 Things to Know About Daylight Saving Time | Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health

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The daylight saving time transition causes more than grogginess and foul moods. Researchers say that the change has long-term negative consequences for our bodies and minds.

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Article One: California Considers Bottled Water Ban in Schools

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Stop releasing balloons in New Jersey — Save Coastal Wildlife

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Stop releasing balloons outdoors in New Jersey. Everything that goes up, comes down and when a balloon comes down it can cause wildlife to get sick and die or become entangled. It also causes our beaches to become trashed. Balloons are not fun to coastal wildlife!

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Celebrations are going to look a bit different in this California town.

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Teach Students Why Balloons Are Harmful to the Environment | PETA

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Inform your students, colleagues, and administration about the consequences of releasing balloons into the environment, including the harmful effects on animals.

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Honeybees live in colonies with one queen running the whole hive. Worker honeybees are all females and are the only bees most people ever see flying around outside of the hive. They forage for food, build the honeycombs, and protect the hive. Many species still occur in the wild, but honeybees are disappearing from hives due to colony collapse disorder. Scientists are not sure what is causing this collapse. Honeybees are important pollinators for flowers, fruits, and vegetables. They live on stored honey and pollen all winter and cluster into a ball to conserve warmth. All honeybees are social and cooperative insects. Members of the hive are divided into three types. Workers forage for food (pollen and nectar from flowers), build and protect the hive, clean, and circulate air by beating their wings. The queen’s job is simple—she lays the eggs that will spawn the hive’s next generation of bees. There is usually only a single queen in a hive. If the queen dies, workers will create a new queen by feeding one of the worker females a special food called “royal jelly.” This elixir enables the worker to develop into a fertile queen. Queens regulate the hive’s activities by producing chemicals that guide the behavior of the other bees. Male bees are called drones—the third class of honeybee. Several hundred drones live in each hive during the spring and summer, but they are expelled for the winter months when the hive goes into a lean survival mode.

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Many pollinators are disappearing at alarming rates, especially native bees (such as bumble bees and solitary bees). Honey bees are also in trouble these days, with beekeepers reporting heavy winter and even summer losses.

The solution to pollinator health is not a simple one. Pesticides are weakening pollinator immune systems, leaving them more open to diseases and parasites. Healthy food sources and places to nest are disappearing, with "pollinator deserts" replacing once abundant wildflower meadows. People are moving honey bees and bumble bees around commercially, narrowing their genetic diversity and spreading bee parasites and pathogens in the process.

Habitat loss, acute and chronic pesticide poisoning, diseases and parasites, increasing intensification of conventional farming, and even the impacts of climate change are all taking their toll on bee health. Many of our bees are sick, stressed, and undernourished. But everyone can help save bees!

Hello, I'm the bee lover who built this website! I started this project to help folks help bees. There are so many little actions that, if everyone took just one or two, would really add up for the world's bees.

I've written all the informational content on this website, based on my research over many years. I've carefully vetted each link, and ensured that the latest bee science is included. No one sponsors this site, as I wouldn't wish to be bee-holden to anyone. I am no fan of the pesticide companies!

If you find this website valuable, I'd so appreciate it if you consider supporting me. One way to support me is by buying my bee art. Another way is to support me with a one-time or monthly contribution.
Make a contribution 💛

Help bees in your garden, community plot... even a balcony

Plant native wildflowers and flowering shrubs in your backyards, communities, and workplaces. If you have room, trees such as apples, pears, plums, and cherries (and shrubs like blueberries) are excellent food sources for pollinators, as are many vegetables and herbs.

If you have a lawn, stop mowing some portion... you'd be surprised what flowers will drop in over time. Sow clover (white clover may even be mowed at highest setting). Let dandelions live! They're one of the first pollen-rich sources to spring up, and also one of the last to go. Because of the shape and structure of dandelions, their pollen and nectar are especially accessible to a great diversity of bee species throughout the year.

Feeding the bees 🌻Even small balcony gardens help pollinators passing by. Try adding hanging baskets, potted native plants, veggies/herbs, and a small dish of water with pebbles.
Feeding the bees 🌻
Offer more than just food for bees

Provide homes for native bees. Did you know that most bees nest in wood, dried stems, or in the ground? Provide bare, sunny soil for mining, sweat, and other ground-dwelling solitary bees. Offer wooden bee blocks, paper straws, or bundles of bamboo for mason, leaf-cutter, and other wood-cavity nesting solitary bees. For mason bees, make sure there's a source of mud nearby in early spring.

Keep part (or all!) of your garden untidy, which makes more room for wildlife. Pieces of wood in a pile provide shelter and a place for some solitary bees to nest. Dead plant stems are the perfect spots for the young of other native bees to overwinter. Leave a patch of closely-mown or bare soil in a sunny location, important for our many ground-nesting bees.

Homes for bees 🏡In summer, place a shallow dish of water out with some pebbles in it, so that bees (and other insects) can easily drink without drowning (bees get thirsty too, and honey bees use the water to help cool their hives on hot days).
Homes for bees 🏡

Fungi Perfecti is a company founded by Paul Stamets, currently producing mushroom mycelium that is beneficial for both human and bee health. Working alongside scientists at Washington State University, they have demonstrated that extracts of polypore mushrooms confer an immune benefit to bees. They have also been working with beekeepers, and hope soon to introduce a native bee feeder that anyone can put in their own garden, so bees may sip beneficial mycelium to boost their immunities. In the meantime, they have suggestions for mushrooms you can grow yourself to provide an immunity boost to your local bees.Read more

Support pollinator-friendly farming

Support smaller, local, organic farms. Organic farms tend to support higher biodiversity and better bee health. There are industrial-scale organic farms that are still not great for the environment, however. Ideally, sustainable and resilient agroecological farming methods will replace current farming methods.

Agroecology takes an ecosystem perspective on food production, considering the complex ecological web of interactions-including soil health, water and air quality, integrated pest and disease control, and biodiversity. When you think about it, "conventional" industrial farming is a recent development-following on the Second World War-in a long history of human agriculture going back around 10,000 years.

Grow some of your own food. Flowering vegetables, fruits and herbs make excellent variety in pollinator diets. Tomatoes are especially easy and fun for children to grow, and are a great way to help bees, because there's a dark secret to commercial tomatoes: growers frequently import bumble bees for pollination services (keeping them within their greenhouses). Not only are imported bumble bees implicated in the drastic decline of native bumble bees (when a few inevitably sneak out), but the queens are caged to prevent them forming new colonies, and all bumble bees are incinerated after 8 weeks of hard work. 😢

Buy certified organic cotton (even though you don't eat it!) Cotton ranks among the highest in pesticide usage on crops, including a mix of pesticides and fungicides known to be dangerous to bees.

Love honey? Buy from local beekeepers who care about their honey bees (find them online or at farmers' markets).

And just a few more ideas...

Participate in citizen science pollinator projects. Various projects will take you into the great outdoors, planting flowers, recording bee sightings, and looking for bee nesting sites. They're fun projects to share with your family and your neighbors, to get everyone thinking about bees. And having citizen science records is proving incredibly useful for scientific research into helping bees!

Support current bills and other pollinator initiatives. There are a number of regulatory bills that directly or indirectly affect bee health. Voicing your support of these initiatives with your political representatives can help ensure a safer environment for bees, and also help raise the profile of bees in politicians' minds.

Learn more about bees and the challenges they're facing. They are amazing little creatures, and there are thousands of different kinds of bees, all with their own unique life stories. Spread the word to those around you!

All the Buzz!

An occasional email newsletter from Elise Fog (bee enthusiast), including gardening advice for particular times in the bee season, as well as discussion of curious bee facts, current scientific bee research, and other such bee-related goodness.

I only use your email address to send you occasional bee-related emails (opt-out any time). Read my full privacy policy.
Follow @savebees on Twitter 🐝

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Save Bees * Pollinator decline and how to help

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Many pollinators are disappearing at alarming rates, especially native bees (such as bumble bees and solitary bees). Honey bees are also in trouble these days, with beekeepers reporting heavy winter and even summer losses. The solution to pollinator health is not a simple one.

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Be the solution to help protect bees in crisisBelieve it or not, you have a bee to thank for every one in three bites of food you eat. Bees sitting on blossoms. Honey bees — wild and domestic — perform about 80 percent of all pollination worldwide. A single bee colony can pollinate 300 million flowers each day. Grains […]

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Back to Animals

A zoo can be an awesome place to see animals first hand and learn about what they eat, their habits, environment, and all sorts of other interesting facts about animals. Another name for a zoo is zoological garden.

Today zoos are becoming better and better places for animals. In the past some zoos were somewhat cruel to animals. Placing animals in environments they were not suited for and often not keeping the animal's best interest in mind. However, today many zoos do wonderful work in animal research and take great care of their animals.

Photo by Ducksters

Some good things that many Zoos do today include:

Acting as sanctuaries for endangered animals. They provide a safe environment for animals that are being threatened by changes in the environment. Often zoos will work to breed and maintain endangered animal populations. Sometime animals are nearly extinct in the wild and the only place they survive is in zoos.

Education on wildlife. Zoos provide a great opportunity for us to learn more about creatures from distant lands.

Research on wildlife and how we can help animals survive radical changes. Zoos do veterinary medicine research as well.

Today's modern zoos house animals in enclosures that are similar to the animal's natural habitat. This can include buildings made for nocturnal animals where they are bright at night, so the animals can sleep, and dark during the day, so zoo visitors can see the animals moving about. Also, climates are controlled in some zoo enclosures for animals like penguins and polar bears. Many zoos have great open spaces as well where animals may graze together. Some zoos have an area where you can take a mini-safari or ride around in a truck or bus to hopefully see the animals up close.

Perhaps the most famous zoo is the San Diego Zoo in Southern California. Many modern zoo practices were pioneered at the San Diego Zoo. The largest zoo in number of animals is the Bronx Zoo with over 6000 animals. The largest zoo in land size is the North Carolina Zoo with 535 acres.

Photo by Ducksters

Seeing an elephant, giraffe, lion, polar bear, penguins, seals, or other incredible creatures at the zoo can be an amazing experience. Be sure to check out your local zoo and get the opportunity to see some awesome animals and learn more about nature.

Another great place to see animals, similar to a zoo, is at an aquarium. Most states have an aquarium where they display all sorts of fish and some sea mammals.More on endangered species:
Amphibians in Danger
Endangered Animals
How Animals Become Extinct
Wildlife Conservation
Zoos

Back to Animals

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Learn about the zoo. History and types of zoological gardens. List of Zoos with interesting animals.

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Two of largest zoos in the world rebrand as San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance

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Built on a collection of 40,000+ popular, high-quality books from 250+ of the world's best publishers, Epic safely fuels curiosity and reading confidence for kids 12 and under.

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online access fun thousands children great kids ebooks books

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Should their be zoos? Book Collection on Epic

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Built on a collection of 40,000+ popular, high-quality books from 250+ of the world's best publishers, Epic safely fuels curiosity and reading confidence for kids 12 and under. Get Started

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Newsela | Instructional Content Platform

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Newsela is an Instructional Content Platform that supercharges reading engagement and learning in every subject.

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Smithsonian's National Zoo: We Save Species

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Are zoos good? AZA-accredited zoos and aquariums protect animals, conserve endangered species, and help ecosystems recover by means of breeding programs, rehabilitation, and more.

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/ CBS News

WASHINGTON - The National Zoo has a reputation as a leader in animal care, science and cute photo opportunities such as the naming of Bao Bao the baby panda earlier this month.

But a CBS News investigation has learned that behind the scenes, there are insider allegations of mismanagement involving animal care. Five sources with more than 35 years' combined experience at the National Zoo have raised concerns to CBS News about recent animal injuries, deaths and escapes.

The sources don't want to be identified for fear of retaliation. They say problems began last year when the zoo decided to double the population of the Cheetah Conservation Station, adding a half dozen new species but no extra space. Besides cheetahs, the CCS also houses zebras, gazelles and other species.

CBS News asked animal biologist and ethicist Marc Bekoff to look at the complaints. He was an independent reviewer of a 2005 National Academy of Sciences investigation of the zoo that found "systemic problems at the highest levels."

Of the newly raised issues, Bekoff said: "I call it 'fetch and pray.' You get the animals and then you pray that the project will work out."

The CCS' new animal mix didn't always work out. Issues identified by the zoo sources include two newly acquired hornbill birds that were kept in an indoor shack for seven months because their exhibit yard wasn't ready. Only after a volunteer complained were the birds allowed in an outdoor space. But the wallaby that had to share its yard with these new arrivals became frightened, according to sources, bloodied its nose and spent much of its time frightened and hiding.

One of two new red river hogs quickly became malnourished and died of an infection. The other hog, along with oryxes and sitatungas (two types of antelopes), sometimes became overly aggressive when mixed together, and some were injured in vicious fights.

It's not unusual for animals to spar, but the zoo sources say management failed to predict easily foreseeable conflicts between species and genders, and had ineffective backup plans for separating and protecting the animals when the conflicts arose.

"It's no surprise to me as a field biologist that so many of them do not work out," Bekoff told CBS News. "They're just too hastily put together and they're not well thought through."

Zoo spokeswoman Pamela Baker-Masson says the National Zoo meets the highest industry standards and the animals always receive the best care.

"We take great care in introducing our animals to these various habitats and transitioning them. Ideally, these things wouldn't happen, of course," said Baker-Masson. "I think my colleagues were very well aware and they know these species and they know how to take care of these species. ... Every single animal has a very specific course of action and a plan."

Bekoff says the zoo's plans appear to have been inadequate. "They should only be able to get the animals when it can be shown that they can properly house them and care for them."

Two animals in the CCS, a Dama gazelle and a pregnant kudu (another type of antelope), died when they got spooked on separate occasions and ran into barriers in their confined spaces, breaking their necks.

The gazelle death happened last month after a zebra attacked a veteran zookeeper. The commotion apparently frightened the gazelle, which is on the endangered species list. Zoo sources say it wasn't found for hours. The pregnant kudu died last June. Zoo sources say as the animal lay suffering with a broken neck, workers were unable to quickly locate necessary veterinary records.

Baker-Masson says Dama gazelles and kudus are skittish animals by nature and were housed in adequate spaces that met the requirements of the American Zoological Association, which recently re-accredited the facility.

As for the hornbill birds that were keep indoors for eight months, Baker-Masson says the space was "more than adequate and it gave the staff a very good amount of time to prepare and work with the hornbills" but "ideally they would have [had] access to their outdoor yard space more quickly."

Bekoff calls the lengthy indoor confinement "totally unacceptable."

"There's not one single excuse that I would accept," he said. "Basically this is a form of animal abuse and animal neglect. ...They get an 'F' in this project.'

Zoo sources also expressed concern about two escapes from the CCS: a vulture whose wings were allegedly not properly clipped and a red panda who managed to climb out of its exhibit. Both animals were later recaptured and zoo officials say the failures that allowed the escapes have been fixed.

CBS News has learned that the zoo convened a task force last summer to investigate the internal complaints about animal care at the CCS. The task force made findings last August and Baker-Masson says some of its recommendations are already being implemented.

Zoo officials refused CBS News' repeated requests to release the task force report even though, under public records law, it's considered public material.

As to why the National Zoo is withholding the information, Baker-Masson provided a number of rationales. First, she said that the task force report was still only a draft, four months after it was scheduled to be completed. However, when CBS News asked for the draft, she would not provide that either.

Later, in an interview, Baker-Masson said that the task force report is finished, but that the zoo isn't ready to release it.

"We're more than happy to [release the task force report]," Baker-Masson told CBS News. "But we have to do it in a thorough and process-oriented way that makes sense."

She acknowledged that some of the concerns investigated were founded.

"Absolutely," Baker-Masson said. "Anytime a concern is raised, it's looked at very seriously and we have to examine, you know, what changes are appropriate for that particular species, what changes are appropriate for the staff, what changes are appropriate for the facility itself. So yes, absolutely, some changes have been made."

Another incident the zoo is keeping mum about is the November zebra attack on the zookeeper. Baker-Masson says that AZA standards require that there always be a barrier between a keeper and zebras, which can inflict serious bite wounds. But the zoo says three weeks after the attack, it still has not identified how the zebra got to the keeper and it would not release the incident report or other public information about it. The injured zookeeper was recently released after several weeks in the hospital.

Sharyl Attkisson

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Are there animal care problems at National Zoo?

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Behind the scenes, there are insider allegations of mismanagement involving animals at famed D.C. facility

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Will this new technology help make the world a better place?

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Read Cutting-Edge Technology: Artificial Intelligence on Epic

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Read Cutting-Edge Technology: Artificial Intelligence on Epic

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Instantly access Cutting-Edge Technology: Artificial Intelligence plus over 40,000 of the best books & videos for kids.

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Explore both sides of this big debate, then cast your vote.

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Bringing back from may seem more like science fiction than reality. But scientists are close to being able to bring animals back from the dead.

The first major breakthrough in de-extinction happened about 15 years ago. A team of Spanish researchers collected from the last living Pyrenean ibex. It was a beige mountain goat. She was nicknamed Celia.

FREDERICK YORK

Scientists inserted Celia's DNA into the egg cells of another species of goat. DNA is the chemical that carries the structure of a living thing. After an electric shock, the cells began to form . Scientists then implanted the embryos into female goats. Only one of the embryos survived. But the newborn died in less than 10 minutes. So the Pyrenean ibex is the only species to have gone extinct twice.

Celia's was short-lived. But it "showed that de-extinction is technically possible," Helen Pilcher told TFK. She is a biologist and author. Since then, researchers have developed new technologies for restoring extinct species.

In Australia, scientist Michael Archer is using advanced tools to bring back the gastric-brooding frog. The amphibian went extinct in 1985. It was killed off by a disease spread by humans. Archer believes people have a responsibility to restore animals that have vanished because of human activity. His team has already produced embryos that contain the extinct frog's DNA.

MICHAEL J. TYLER-SCIENCE SOURCE

The Mammophant in the Room

Scientists have had some success bringing back recently extinct animals. But it has been more challenging to restore long-dead species. That is because DNA decays over time.

Enter the woolly mammoth. These beasts disappeared from the Arctic about 4,000 years ago. Researchers have discovered their remains. But "mammoth DNA found in the wild is highly [damaged]," George Church says. He is a biologist at Harvard University.

Church uses a tool called CRISPR. With it, he inserts DNA from a mammoth into the DNA of an Asian elephant. The result will be a mammophant. It will look like an elephant but will have mammoth-like features. These will include thick hair and blood that can tolerate cold weather.

SUSAN WALSH-AP

Church's goal is to release mammophants into the Arctic. His plans would also protect the endangered Asian elephant. It would gain traits needed to live in such a cold region. There, the species would have a better chance of survival because it would be isolated from humans.

Restoring vanished species is within reach. But some experts say it could hurt endangered animals. "De-extinction is a damaging waste of time and resources," Paul Ehrlich says. He is a biologist at Stanford University.

Other researchers, like Pilcher, argue that de-extinction science can help endangered animals. "It's not a case of if de-extinction will happen," she says, "but when."

Assessment: Click for a printable quiz. Teacher subscribers can find the answer key in this week's Teacher's Guide.

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Bringing species back from extinction may seem more like science fiction than reality. But scientists are close to being able to bring animals back from the dead. The first major breakthrough in de-extinction happened about 15 years ago. A team...

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What if We Brought Back the Passenger Pigeon?

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Stewart Brandfor National Geographic News

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Opinion: The Case for Reviving Extinct Species

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There are a lot of reasons for bringing back extinct animals, including conservation and medical benefits, argues Stewart Brand.

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Scientists recently bred animals that carry genes of dire wolves, a species that went extinct 13,000 years ago. Should we applaud the achievement? Or be wary?

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Read Why Do Animals Become Extinct? on Epic

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Read Why Do Animals Become Extinct? on Epic

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Instantly access Why Do Animals Become Extinct? plus over 40,000 of the best books & videos for kids.