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Journal : Pergeseran Desain Bangunan Dalam Masa Perkembangan Arsitektur di Indonesia

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Journal : Pergeseran Desain Bangunan Dalam Masa Perkembangan Arsitektur di Indonesia

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Revolution in architectural styles, especially in Indonesia, occur due to adjustments to needs, the influence of foreign cultures, and also the influence of technological developments

Source : Aini, Q. (2021). PERGESERAN DESAIN BANGUNAN DALAM MASA PERKEMBANGAN ARSITEKTUR DI INDONESIA. Arsitekno, 8(2).

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"Kemang, Rumah Baru Design Kolonial Modern," 2021. https://www.rumah.com/listing-properti/dijual-kemang-rumah-baru-design-kolonial-modern-oleh-nina-ika-dewandari-17802529 (accessed Aug. 01, 2021).

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Archifynow, "Rumah Kubu Tropis - Menjadikan Arsitektur sebagai Branding," 2017. https://www.archify.com/id/archifynow/rumah-kubu-tropis-menjadikan-arsitektur-sebagai-branding (accessed Aug. 01, 2021).

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"4 Ciri Rumah Berkonsep Arsitektur Tropis," 2018. https://www.aca.co.id/Info-Asuransi-Detail/4-Ciri-Rumah-Ber-konsep-Arsitektur-Tropis (accessed Aug. 01, 2021).

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PERGESERAN DESAIN BANGUNAN DALAM MASA PERKEMBANGAN ARSITEKTUR DI INDONESIA | Aini | Arsitekno

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PERGESERAN DESAIN BANGUNAN DALAM MASA PERKEMBANGAN ARSITEKTUR DI INDONESIA

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The Phenomenon of Unsorted Waste in the Canteen of Multimedia Nusantara University

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The Phenomenon of Unsorted Waste in the Canteen of Multimedia Nusantara University

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Users at UMN typically take breaks in the canteen, engaging in activities such as eating and drinking. The result of the food and beverages they consume usually generates both organic and inorganic waste. However, even though UMN has provided waste bins categorized accordingly (organic, inorganic, hazardous), many students and staff still dispose of waste indiscriminately.

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The Effectiveness of Website Design in Higher Education Recruitment

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The Effectiveness of Website Design in Higher Education Recruitment

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According to Willis (1999), using enhanced visual elements in web presentation provides for a more memorable, immediately understandable message and improves clarity.

Students appear to trust a professionally designed website more and find it more credible for accessing information (Youngblood, 2013).

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Evolving The Theory Of Waste Management: Defining Key Concepts

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Evolving The Theory Of Waste Management: Defining Key Concepts

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The Theory of Waste Management represents a more in-depth account of the domain and contains conceptual analyses of waste, the activity upon waste, and a holistic view of the goals of waste management. Waste Management Theory is founded on the expectation that waste management is to prevent waste causing harm to human health and the environment. The proper definition of waste is crucial to constructing a sustainable agenda of waste management. It is largely the case that current legislation attends to existing waste. Definitions emerging from this condition may, however, conflict with the goals of waste prevention, because something that already exists cannot be prevented from arising. When material is assigned the label of ‘waste’, it will be treated as such; consequently, despite its explicit wish of waste prevention, implicitly, legislation essentially amasses waste. The inherent philosophical implication of such definitions is that they are not able to facilitate a sustainable waste management system. Therefore, new, dynamic definitions for waste and waste management must be sought, which can explain why waste is created and can offer an intrinsic solution for the problem. A radically new approach, based on an object-oriented modelling language, is presented to define the key concepts of waste management. Keywords: Theory of Waste Management, waste, non-waste, waste management, definition, theory, purpose, structure, state, performance. 1 Introduction There is a clear distinction drawn between using the word ‘theory’ in the scientific domain, as opposed to everyday life.

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Evolving The Theory Of Waste Management: Defining Key Concepts

Free (open access)

Author(s)

E. Pongrácz, P. S. Phillips & R. L. Keiski

Abstract

The Theory of Waste Management represents a more in-depth account of the domain and contains conceptual analyses of waste, the activity upon waste, and a holistic view of the goals of waste management. Waste Management Theory is founded on the expectation that waste management is to prevent waste causing harm to human health and the environment. The proper definition of waste is crucial to constructing a sustainable agenda of waste management. It is largely the case that current legislation attends to existing waste. Definitions emerging from this condition may, however, conflict with the goals of waste prevention, because something that already exists cannot be prevented from arising. When material is assigned the label of 'waste', it will be treated as such; consequently, despite its explicit wish of waste prevention, implicitly, legislation essentially amasses waste. The inherent philosophical implication of such definitions is that they are not able to facilitate a sustainable waste management system. Therefore, new, dynamic definitions for waste and waste management must be sought, which can explain why waste is created and can offer an intrinsic solution for the problem. A radically new approach, based on an object-oriented modelling language, is presented to define the key concepts of waste management. Keywords: Theory of Waste Management, waste, non-waste, waste management, definition, theory, purpose, structure, state, performance. 1 Introduction There is a clear distinction drawn between using the word 'theory' in the scientific domain, as opposed to everyday life. In common usage, 'theory' is

Keywords

Theory of Waste Management, waste, non-waste, waste management

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Evolving The Theory Of Waste Management: Defining Key Concepts

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The Theory of Waste Management represents a more in-depth account of the domain and contains conceptual analyses of waste, the activity upon waste, and...

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Three notable previous studies are pertinent to the subject at hand. Firstly, Dewi et al. (2020) explored into the practicality of implementing double skin facades in tropical climates, assessing their efficacy in managing heat and enhancing indoor comfort (E. P. Dewi et al., 2020).

Secondly, Fadhlan et al. (2024) conducted an in-depth investigation into the advantages of utilizing green building facades, exploring their environmental benefits and potential energy savings (Fadhlan, 2024).

Lastly, Setiawan et al. (2020) examined the impact of facade design alterations on heating and airflow dynamics within a specific building context. Their research utilized quantitative data collection and computational simulations to gain insights into optimizing building envelope design for increased energy efficiency and occupant well-being (Setiawan et al., 2020).

While these studies contribute valuable insights into building design strategies, they differ slightly from the current study's focus on qualitative data collection. There are gaps in data collection from interviews and direct on-site observations with building management that were not discussed by previous research, which can include more specific explanations for implementing passive cooling strategies in UMN's New Media Tower building.

Ref =

Dewi, E. P., Wijaya, A., Sujatini, S., Rahmana, D., Mandela, C., & Gulit, F. (2020). Penerapan Double Skin Facade Pada Daerah Iklim Tropis. Ikraith-Teknologi, 4(2).

Fadhlan, A. (2024). PENERAPAN KONSEP FASAD BANGUNAN HIJAU. Metrik Serial Teknologi Dan Sains.

Setiawan, T. H., Waluyo, S. P., & Samudra, N. (2020). The effects of façade design change on the heating and airflow through the building skin of universitas multimedia nusantara tower 3. Applied Science and Engineering Progress, 13(2). https://doi.org/10.14416/j.asep.2020.01.008

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The formulation of a healthy education system is conducted alongside its students' mental well-being. Architecture studio class is the core of architecture education with students that spend their time frequently at the studio to analyze, design, maquette making, etc. But, the current time-consuming system adds a layer of stress that is placed upon the students of a studio class. A highly competitive environment also led some students to feel psychologically distressed. This research examines the impact of the time-consuming and competitive environment within architecture studio classes on student mental well-being, aiming to emphasize the need for evaluating the current implication of education on the students' mental health.

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JOURNAL : PENGARUH DIGITAL PAYMENT TERHADAP PERILAKU KONSUMEN : Pengguna Platform Digital Payment OVO

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JOURNAL : PENGARUH DIGITAL PAYMENT TERHADAP PERILAKU KONSUMEN : Pengguna Platform Digital Payment OVO

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Technological developments in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0 have triggered changes in consumer behavior patterns through

One of the uses of digital technology is non-cash payment transactions called

digital payment as a new innovation in financial technology in the era of industrial revolution 4.0. Writing purpose

This article aims to determine the influence of digital payments on consumer behavior

conducting case studies on users of the OVO digital payment platform. Research methods

used in writing this article is quantitative research using regression analysis techniques

simple linear. The current finding is that when we entered the Covid-19 pandemic, there were activities

society becomes limited so they look for other alternatives to continue their activities

one of which is through the use of digital payment technology for various transaction activities

effective and efficient non-cash payments. This indicates a change in behavior

consumers from manual to automatic through the use of digital technology in the service sector

finance, digital payments. The results of this research show the influence of digital payments

on consumer behavior.

https://ejournal.unib.ac.id/index.php/Insight/article/download/14171/pdf

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Managament Insight: Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen

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JOURNAL: Improving Clean and Healthy Environment in East Kalisari Village I, Surabaya

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JOURNAL: Improving Clean and Healthy Environment in East Kalisari Village I, Surabaya

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Environmental cleanliness is a condition that is free from all dirt and diseases, which can harm the aspects of community environmental activities and behaviors (Buhungo, 2016)

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JOURNAL: AN EMPRICAL STUDY ON CONSUMERS ADOPTION OF MOBILE WALLET WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO CHENNAI CITY

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JOURNAL: AN EMPRICAL STUDY ON CONSUMERS ADOPTION OF MOBILE WALLET WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO CHENNAI CITY

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Mobile wallets attract customers with their convenient and fast shopping experiences.

Source: DR.S.Manikandan, J.Mary Jayakodi (https://core.ac.uk/reader/144791690)

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Triangulation theory was implemented to ensure rigor and consistency in data collection and analysis, which can lead to more reliable and actionable research findings from observations, interviews, and documentation. Triangulation refers to the use of multiple methods or data sources in qualitative research to develop a comprehensive understanding of phenomena (Carter et al., 2014)

REF = Carter, N., Bryant-Lukosius, D., Dicenso, A., Blythe, J., & Neville, A. J. (2014). The use of triangulation in qualitative research. In Oncology Nursing Forum (Vol. 41, Issue 5, pp. 545–547). Oncology Nursing Society. https://doi.org/10.1188/14.ONF.545-547

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Group 3: still wrong way of structured critical thinking. Please compare your work to other groups and read my comments on each of the group.

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Group 3: still wrong way of structured critical thinking. Please compare your work to other groups and read my comments on each of the group.

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JOURNAL : Minat Penggunaan Terhadap Penggunaan Sesungguhnya Quick Response Code Indonesia Standard (Qris)

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JOURNAL : Minat Penggunaan Terhadap Penggunaan Sesungguhnya Quick Response Code Indonesia Standard (Qris)

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This research was conducted with the aim of testing the influence of interest in using QRIS on actual use. The data in this research were obtained from 100 student respondents at Tamansiswa Bachelor University using quantitative descriptive methods and primary data. The sample in this study was obtained using the snowball sampling technique. The results of this research show that interest in using has a positive effect on the actual use of QRIS

Minat Penggunaan Terhadap Penggunaan Sesungguhnya Quick Response Code Indonesia Standard (Qris).
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/367538791_Minat_Penggunaan_Terhadap_Penggunaan_Sesungguhnya_Quick_Response_Code_Indonesia_Standard_Qris_Di_Era_New_Normal

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Please state to me your thesis statement one more time?GOT IT thanks

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Theory : The second law of thermodynamics (CARNOT's LAW)

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Theory : The second law of thermodynamics (CARNOT's LAW)

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The second law of thermodynamics, also known as Carnot's law, states that heat naturally flows from an object or system at a higher temperature to one at a lower temperature (Cengel & Boles, 2011). This principle establishes the foundation for understanding thermodynamic processes involving heat transfer and the operation of heat engines which has a connection to heat transfer in buildings.

REf =

Cengel, Y. A., Boles, M. A., & Kanoğlu, M. (2011). Thermodynamics: an engineering approach (Vol. 5, p. 445). New York: McGraw-hill.

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Find two other journal articles that supports your research problem (talking about similar problems but not yours)

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The second law of thermodynamics, also known as Carnot's law, states that heat naturally flows from an object or system at a higher temperature to one at a lower temperature (Cengel & Boles, 2011). This principle establishes the foundation for understanding thermodynamic processes involving heat transfer and the operation of heat engines which has a connection to heat transfer in buildings.

Implementing a double skin facade (DSF) in buildings offers an innovative solution to reduce cooling loads and improve energy efficiency. DSF systems capitalize on the principles of thermodynamics, specifically Carnot's principle, which dictates that heat naturally flows from areas of higher temperature to lower temperature regions.

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Well-being is a state in which it is possible for a human being to satisfy his/her basic needs. In the indicator systems of well-being, both material and non-material basic human needs have to be considered. Allardt divides these needs into three categories:• having• loving, and• being.       'Having' refers to material conditions and impersonal needs in a wide perspective. 'Loving' stands for the needs to relate to other people and to form social identities. ‘Being' denotes the needs for personal growth, i.e. integration into society and living in harmony with nature.  

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Theory of well-being parameter in education , Allardt (1989)

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Theory of well-being parameter in education , Allardt (1989)

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https://academic.oup.com/heapro/article/17/1/79/550098?login=false

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Effective web design meets users' requirements and provides an engaging experience that encourages them to return to the site. In terms of layout design, employing clear and easily readable typefaces is a key strategy for enhancing the user experience (Deac, 2014).

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find 2 journal articles that speaks on that but not your thesis statements/problems. Don't ask me to read it, you narrate it

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Gian Louis Krisvaldi

Haikal Ananta Firdaus

Devon Juliano

Jovan Kennedy

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Trash or Recycle? How Product Distortion Leads to Categorization Error During Disposal

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Trash or Recycle? How Product Distortion Leads to Categorization Error During Disposal

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A significant portion of recyclable material ends up in landfills, highlighting the pressing need to comprehend the psychological factors influencing recycling behavior. Findings from four studies indicate that consumers often dispose of recognizable recyclable items as trash when these items are distorted (e.g., paper cut, torn, or crumpled). Nonetheless, this misclassification tendency can be somewhat alleviated by the presence of signage illustrating the various distorted forms the recyclable item can take. With prompting, consumers demonstrate the ability to correctly identify and dispose of recyclable items, irrespective of their level of distortion. These findings offer insight into and a potential remedy for the ongoing problem of recyclable materials being improperly discarded into landfills on a daily basis.

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Architecture Students Self-report Well-being Assessment Based on Quality Learning Environment in Design Studio (Erbil, 2023)

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Architecture Students Self-report Well-being Assessment Based on Quality Learning Environment in Design Studio (Erbil, 2023)

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a number of researches that focused on architecture curriculum and teaching methods; thus, they concentrated on the constructed environment of architecture design studios and its effects on student happiness. The design of learning settings, such as classes and studios, has a significant impact on student pleasure and performance. (Erbil,2023).

Students’ well-being is linked to the learning outcome, student’s performance, pro-social behaviors, positive relationships, creativity, and health. (Erbil,2023).

As the foundation of architectural education, the design studio is regarded as a living-learning environment for architectural students. It is the location where architectural students spend a significant amount of time engaging in various socioeducational activities. As a result, the studio should cater to the students’ demands & wellbeings. (Erbil, 2023).

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Ok, look at group 1, follow the structure and put on references

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Ok, look at group 1, follow the structure and put on references

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it is still unclear because you need to put on the references and citation/quotation to make it clear

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Angellica Kristie Lin (00000068270)

Felicia Gavrila Darwin (00000070044)

Keisya Ardhyagita Ranjani (00000066771)

Shannon Elke Lavinia (00000067550)

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Great work, pls find 2 journals articles that also speak on it???

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Long Walk to Quality Improvement: Investigating Factors Causing Low English Proficiency among Indonesian EFL Students

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Long Walk to Quality Improvement: Investigating Factors Causing Low English Proficiency among Indonesian EFL Students

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(Further, Canale and Swain, 1980) developed a framework where language proficiency was based on three elements: grammatical or linguistic, sociocultural and strategic competencies.

(Diana, 2016) revealed that the average TOEFL score among Indonesian students is lower than 500.

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This practice of excluding “unwanted” people such as the homeless or youths from public spaces is often referred to as “hostile architecture”, “defensive urban architecture”, or “excluding architecture” (De Fine Licht, 2017).

Many current solutions also fail to serve the unhoused in ways that are psychologically proven to improve one’s ability to find and keep housing (Pable, 2018)

Homelessness is not a new issue, but one that is continually swept under the rug and pushed out of view of the general public. Instead of providing solutions that aim to relieve the causes of homelessness, many solutions simply drive the homeless out of sight, and in many politicians’ way of thinking, out of mind (Hannah, 2022)

“A city can be designed for you just as well as it can be designed against you.” It is almost an invisible way of denying support to the needy and helpless, to allow ‘legitimate’ users enjoy the seemingly open and inclusive urban environment. (Atkinson, While, 2015)

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Ensure connectivity for all neighbourhoods - regardless of predominant socioeconomic status - to high-quality housing, education, employment, local businesses

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Gerlach-Spriggs, N., Kaufman, R. E., & Warner, S. B. (1998). Restorative gardens: The healing landscape. Yale University Press.

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Hostile urban architecture: A critical discussion of the seemingly offensive art of keeping people away

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Hostile urban architecture: A critical discussion of the seemingly offensive art of keeping people away

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PHYSICAL ARRANGEMENTS IN PUBLIC SPACES AS A PREVENTION OF NEGATIVE BEHAVIOR

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PHYSICAL ARRANGEMENTS IN PUBLIC SPACES AS A PREVENTION OF NEGATIVE BEHAVIOR

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"Physical Arrangement in Public Spaces as a Prevention of Negative Behavior. which discusses defensive urban architecture, disciplinary architecture or evil architecture. In public spaces to limit unwanted behavior and groups. Its purpose is to restrict certain behaviors, prevent crime, and maintain the clean image of the area.

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Arya Mohammad Athalla - 00000056656

Corellia Rachel Favian Hidayat - 00000056842

Nisrina Alifah Khairani - 00000063673

Juan Kevin Antonio - 00000031742

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Less is More Theory - Ludwig Mies van der Rohe

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Less is More Theory - Ludwig Mies van der Rohe

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Posit : Less is more is a principle that emerges from the idea that simplicity and reduction of unnecessary elements to increase efficiency for a good design. This philosophy is also similar to the Bauhaus design principles. The concept is often associated with the modernism movement in architecture and design, although it can be applied to many fields, including art, literature, music and lifestyle.

Source : James-Chakraborty, K. (2014). Bauhaus in America. In Oxford Art Online.

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Ludwig Mies van der Rohe (27 March 1886 - 17 August 1969) is one of the most influential architects of the 20th century, known for his role in the development of the most enduring architectural style of the era: modernism. Born in Aachen, Germany, Mies' career began in the influential studio of Peter Behrens, where Mies worked alongside two other titans of modernism, Walter Gropius and Le Corbusier. For almost a century, Mies' minimalist style has proved very popular; his famous aphorism "less is more" is still widely used, even by those who are unaware of its origins.

Mies began to develop this style through the 1920s, combining the functionalist industrial concerns of his modernist contemporaries and an aesthetic drive toward minimal intersecting planes-rejecting the traditional systems of enclosed of rooms and relying heavily on glass to dissolve the boundary between the building's interior and exterior. The decade was bookended by his proposal for the Friedrichstraße skyscraper, an unrealized all-glass tower designed in 1921 which cemented his fame within the architectural avant-garde, and by his 1929 German Pavilion at the Barcelona Exposition (more commonly known as the Barcelona Pavilion) which remains one of his most well-known and popular works.

In 1930, Mies took over from Hannes Meyer as director of the Bauhaus-the school founded by and most commonly associated with its founder Walter Gropius-serving as its leader until it was forced to close in 1933 under pressure from the Nazi government. In 1932, the work of Mies formed a cornerstone of the Museum of Modern Art's exhibition on "The International Style" curated by Philip Johnson and Henry-Russell Hitchcock, an exhibition that not only reinforced Mies' role as a leader of the modernist movement, but also brought the movement itself to a wider, more international audience.

After the closure of the Bauhaus and the continued rise of the Nazis in Germany, Mies found work in his home country increasingly difficult. He eventually decided to emigrate to the United States in 1937, where he settled in Chicago and became the head of the Illinois Institute of Technology. During his 20 years at IIT, Mies developed what became known as "the second Chicago school of architecture," a style of simplified, rectilinear high-rise buildings exemplified by projects such as 860-880 Lakeshore Drive and the Seagram Building. Alongside this new skyscraper typology, he also continued to develop his low-slung, pavilion typology that he first tested in projects like the Barcelona Pavilion-with his entirely transparent Farnsworth House, completed in 1951, probably the most enduring example in the United States. At times, Mies was also able to combine both of these typologies into one composition, as he did in the three-building complex of the Chicago Federal Center.

Get to know some of Mies van der Rohe's most iconic projects:

Barcelona Pavilion (1929)

Farnsworth House (1951)

Seagram Building (1958)

Neue National Gallery (1968)

IBM Building (330 North Wabash) (1973)

Chicago Federal Center (Kluczynski Federal Building) (1974)

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Less is More: Mies van der Rohe, a Pioneer of the Modern Movement

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Ludwig Mies van der Rohe is one of the most influential architects of the 20th century, known for his role in the development of modernism.

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Form Follow Function Theory - Louis Sullivan 

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Form Follow Function Theory - Louis Sullivan 

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Posit : "Whether it be the sweeping eagle in his flight, or the open apple-blossom, the toiling work-horse, the blithe swan, the branching oak, the winding stream at its base, the drifting clouds, over all the coursing sun, form ever follows function, and this is the law." (L.Sullivan,1896)

Source : L.Sullivan. (1896). The Tall Office Building Artistically Conidered. Lippincott’s Magazine.

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Restorative Cities - Jenny roe & Layla McCAY

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Restorative Cities - Jenny roe & Layla McCAY

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Whether our contact with urban green space is incidental or intentional, exposure to natural settings has the potential to affect our mental health and wellbeing (McCAY, 2021)

Research suggests that people who spend at least two hours per week in nature have better wellbeing than people who spend no time in nature (White et al. 2019).

Source: Roe.J, McLay.L (2021). Restorative Cities: Urban Design for Mental Health & Well-Being

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JOURNAL: Urban Mass Transit and Social Sustainability in Jakarta

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JOURNAL: Urban Mass Transit and Social Sustainability in Jakarta

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The existing suburban rail system was in poor condition and often overcrowded within a congested urban environment. For a number of years prior to 2007, there had been very little investment in infrastructure and trains. Taxis and private cars were unaffordable for the poor. The existing private and public buses are often stuck in traffic and also contribute to significant air pollution in the metropolitan area.

Urban mass transit and social sustainability in Jakarta ... (n.d.). https://unhabitat.org/sites/default/files/2013/06/GRHS.2013.Case_.Study_.Jakarta.Indonesia.pdf

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SIte 21-4-22 TUMI jakarta_8 colonne op de busbaan K7A6927

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The Impact of Architectural Studio Classes on the Mental Well-Being of UMN Architecture Students

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The Impact of Architectural Studio Classes on the Mental Well-Being of UMN Architecture Students

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JOURNAL:Urban Civility: Train Commuters’ Queueing Behaviour in Jakarta

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JOURNAL:Urban Civility: Train Commuters’ Queueing Behaviour in Jakarta

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This journal discusses the act of queuing at one of the stations in Jakarta, namely Manggarai. Queuing culture is one of the actions that reflect polite behavior in the community. Researchers took a sample of 363 people for observation. The results showed that about 25 people did not apply the culture of queuing in waiting for the train queue.

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THEORY: Proxemic Theory - Edward T. Hall

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THEORY: Proxemic Theory - Edward T. Hall

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Posit: the crucial role of space in human communication and interaction. Space functions as a steering wheel to navigate people's movement, whether it's an individual activity or interacting with one another.

Source: Hall, E. T. (1992). The Hidden Dimension. Smith Peter.

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Digital Literacy: A Survey Level Digital Literacy Competence among University Students in Jakarta

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Digital Literacy: A Survey Level Digital Literacy Competence among University Students in Jakarta

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This research shows a significant correlation between digital literacy and the quality of electronic resource utilization. In Indonesia, where most internet users are students, there is an urgent need for effective use of the internet to support the learning process.

The role of universities is critical in improving student's literacy competencies, which requires focus areas such as understanding media messages, identifying reliable sources of information, distinguishing authentic news and managing time effectively with digital devices. Integrating the digital curriculum and specialized activities can effectively address these challenges.

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Kanza syawalia 56858

Annie kurniawan 59299

Vania ardelia 57829

Caroline kurnia 55605

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THEORY: Human Territory Territory - Irwin Altman

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THEORY: Human Territory Territory - Irwin Altman

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Posit: Exploring how individuals and groups interact with their environments or spaces, this research illustrates the complex relationship between humans and their surroundings.

Source: Altman, I. (1981). The Environment and Social Behavior: Privacy, personal space, territory, crowding. Irvington.

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Dave Reynard Gabriel M. (00000046912)

Birgita Helena Putri Maria (00000075525)

Silvia Deborah Ulag (00000060450)

Jessica Debora A. Talumepa (00000061589)

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Don't write all the works here, guys, write the core believe only. READ FIRST.

I suggest you read Glenn Fulcher's theory on assessment and find the posits