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1. I learned how even animals take a part in gender norms by tending to be male-dominant because they are perceived as adventurous and female characters are usually supportive character. I thought of the movie Bolt; Bolt: male-dog & main character , Mittens: female-cat & bolt's best friend.
2. Stereotyping teaches boys that they are dominant over girls when books have minimal representation and make them seem unimportant & girls learn to be more subordinate.
3. Images in books serve a greater purpose than most think... boys/girls would feel more comfortable doing things that may seem deviant if they saw it in a book.

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1. Gender roles are an essential part of our society and would provide more expectations, and the pressure of gender stereotypes can often get worst. Some of the young people we spoke to said they had heard jokes or comments being made about other people's bodies or looks.
2. Our actions shape our identity, and in turn, our identity shapes our actions. Identity matters in our life and society. Trying to pretend that identity doesn't matter may make you feel better about yourself, but it won't affect how others see you and how their perceptions shape their actions.
3. Society has become more inclusive and supportive of those with diverse gender identities in our community, and it has an essential role in daily life.

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1. Gender stereotypes are heavily defined in older books, movies, and TV shows.
2. Girls are taught to be a lady while boys are taught to be rowdier and aggressive. In stories and folklore, boys are the knight in shining armor trying to fight the dragon to save the princess from danger. Things like this are constantly reinforced over time
3. Animals are commonly used to represent different things like a companions or a protector. The animals in the story tend to have a certain role they play depending on the animal and their purpose

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1. In this module we started looking deeper into children's literature and how subtleties that look meaningless can have a bigger impact on them.
2. A big takeaway from this module was how in the children's entertainment industry they use animals with humanoid features in order for them to attract and relate to them.
3. I also found interesting how they subtly throw in gender roles and norms with these humanoid animals.

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1. From the very first exposure a child has with a book they are already making connections between characters. Many of which fall under stereotypical roles.
2. Paying attention to the characters of a story can help a child develop. Children can see themselves in books through a term known as mirrors. When we expose them to books where the characters defy stereotypical norms we can teach young readers valuable life lessons.
3. I ultimately learned how to critically look at various children's books and analyze gender biases and stereotypes.

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1. Children's books often use gender based stereotypes that influence the way children view gender roles. Boys are told to not be girly, and girls are told to act like a lady.
2. women in books are portrayed to be homemakers
3. Even when characters in books are breaking the norm, other background characters are insulting them. This will resonate which the children that read the book

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1. The presence of stereotypes in children's books can influence boys to believe they are superior and more dominant than girls, leading to feelings of inferiority among girls.

2. Children's literature frequently features animals, however, they often have gender stereotypes.

3. Gender Stereotypes still have a big role in children's literature. Important to have diversity in children's literature

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Module 3 Takeaways
1. One thing I learned from module three was how important it is for children to read books that are free from sexist ideals. The module mentions how children identify with the characters in the stories that they are reading. This is why books need to show boys who are sensitive and are allowed to show emotions as well as girls who are strong and important.
2. Another thing I learned from this module was how books might unknowingly be reinforcing gender stereotypes. In class I analyzed a book where although it seemed like a nice story, the girl character was portrayed as always meek, scared, and tiny. This can have a negative effect on little girls who are reading these types of books.
3. Finally, I learned about how some children books even stereotype girl animals. Even animals, who in real life look completely similar to their male counterparts, are drawn very feminine. In the article posted under this module, it talks about how girl animals are drawn with eyelashes and eyeshadow.

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1. Children connect with book characters, and most often, male characters are in more dominating roles, using leadership skills, displaying power despite being weak, and not displaying emotions. Girls are typically depicted as gentle, docile, and damsels in distress.

2. We may now examine animals in children's literature as a result of this. Children's literature features animals in a number of ways. Animals can be utilized in children's literature as either major characters or supporting characters to teach young readers about nature or to impart valuable life lessons.

3. Children's books frequently promote gender stereotypes through the traditional traits and actions that are shown. Boys and males may be shown as aggressive and strong, whereas girls and women may be portrayed as submissive and caring.

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1. Analyzing gender in children's literature, and how it can make it hard for some kids to express themselves comfortable.
2. Looked into how books can influence gender identity, books contain stereotypes can reflect an older cultures gender views, which can be harmful even if no gender is strictly mentioned.
3. Animals are commonly used in children's literature, but often still use harmful gender stereotypes. It would be more important to be careful when considering what roles and type of animals that are used in young stories.

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1. I learned that stereotypes are over generalized. Stereotypes leads to groups of people have certain abilities which is wrong.
2. Gender norms made it hard for children for express themselves. Like boys could be made fun for joining the ballet.
3. Cultural groups can also influence gender identities since many groups have strong beliefs about gender.

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1. Gender in children's literature demonstrates how they need to act and it builds character. Majority, male characters are usually in more dominant roles employing leadership and showing their strength tough being though and not showing emotions. While girls are are mild, shown as submissive and usually damsels in distress.

2. Female characters have been under-represented in books which is not good because it impacts the younger audience. It contributes negatively to children's development, limits career aspirations, and more. So we need more female characters who are the main character and can demonstrate many strengths.

3. Animals in picture books have been a great way to learn about the animal itself and the way they are in the wild. Be as it may, gender plays a role where male characters animals are more dominant and powerful whereas female animals are often depicted as nurturing and maternal, with a focus on their roles as mothers and caregivers.

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1. Gender norms, which have been a part of society for centuries and have made it so that society is programmed within those expectations and standards of both genders, are one way that society shapes and influences gender identity.
2. Gender identity is influenced by cultural background because some cultural backgrounds are strongly influenced by gender roles and norms.
3. Children's books frequently use animals with gender roles that mirror human stereotypes. As a result, it is important to carefully consider these issues and challenge them when necessary because they can reinforce harmful stereotypes and restrict young children's understanding of gender roles.

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Module 3 (Multiculturalism & Gender Bias)

1)I was able to critically look at various childrens book to analyze for gender bias,gender indifferences and stereotypes.

2) I learned how influential gender stereotypes are to children. They are typically found in children's books. This is what teaches children boys do certain things and girls do certain things.

3)How important breaking gender stereotypes is to children. For example, in the book Shark Lady. This allows children to view that girls can like sharks too.

4)I learned how we stereotype animals in children's books as well. For example, in the movie The Lion King. The Villan shows typical male characteristics and is a lion.

5)I learned about gender biases in children's books occurred pretty frequently.

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1. The lack of diverse representation in children's books can contribute to the reinforcement of gender stereotypes by perpetuating limited and one-dimensional views of gender roles and identities.
2. It is important for children's books to accurately and positively represent a diversity of gender identities and expressions to promote understanding, acceptance, and equality.
3. Since gender stereotypes in children's books can shape career choices by reinforcing the idea certain jobs and fields are only suitable for men or women, it is important for writers to include men in typical women careers and women in typical men careers.

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1. Gender bias refers to the idea certain behaviors, characteristics, or roles are more appropriate or acceptable for one gender than another.
2. Stereotyping in children's books teaches boys that they are more important and dominant than girls resulting in filling of inferiority among girls.
3. The lack of diverse representation in children's books can reinforce gender stereotypes by perpetuating limited and one-dimensional views of gender roles and identities.

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1. It is important for writers of children's books to be aware of gender roles and stereotypes that may be present within in the writing. It is important to show children that anyone can do anything they set their mind to. Showing full representation can allow for gender stereotypes to be fought against and allow children to feel seen.
2. In books, men are typically the main characters. Women are less represented within children's literature and are more often than not seen are less dominant than the male characters in books.
3.  Animals in children's books are stereotyped too, and can play a tole in enforcing gender stereotypes. Main or side characters, many animals in books are male and it is concluded to be that way because men are typically seen as stronger while female animals are typically seen being mothers or caretakers, the less dominant characters.
4. There are hidden and unconscious messages of gender stereotypes within children's books. Girls in books are often seen as passive and helpless, always needing to be saved by the male hero character. Challenging these stereotypes and promoting diverse perspectives can create a more inclusive and equitable society.

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1. This module focused on gender roles and gender stereotypes. I read a lot about how impactful gender roles are represented in children's literature because it can affect children negatively.
2. I learned how to make my own library that I could have for children to read to combat gender stereotypes. Meaning, I have books that include women in STEM, include men who loves to cook and where both parents are present in their kids' lives.
3. Subjects that children learn now makes a different in their lives outside of school. It's a big influence, so it is really important to approach gender roles so kids can understand themselves and not feel ashamed.

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1.     Gender roles differences have appeared in children’s books and affected people’s perspectives.

2.     The lack of characteristics in children’s books reflect gender stereotypes and biases.

3.     Animals’ characteristics in children’s books connect children with their emotions and feelings.

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Key Takeaways:
1) One of the biggest things I noticed in this module was the extent of gender norms and bias in the children's book I grew up reading and loving. Stereotypes are at the core of many of these stories and new authors face the challenge of inclusivity in their writing.
2) Books are often children's view into the world outside their own bubble. Gender development is greatly influenced by books since kids look up to characters often as role models.
3) Women are pictured less prevalently than men and are depicted with gendered stereotypes. Usually, women are seen with an apron doing housework or as a mother taking care of her kids. It is rare to find women in "male" centric jobs or as a leader.

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EDUC 121-05
Julianna Clayton
Module 3 Key take aways
1) In this module I learned more on what the idea of a stereotype actually is. A stereotype is a fixed over generalization belief about a particular group or class of people.
2) In this module I also learned about some great books that I can incorporate into my own classroom involving the expression of gender identity and swaying away from negative stereotypes.
3) One new statistic I learned Peterson and Lach found by the age of four girls realized primary roles were housekeeping where as boys is wage earning. Which both can be very damaging.

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1. Gender roles shouldn't be pushed on our children because it harmfully forces them to act a certain way or have expectations pushed upon them at such a young age. Society used to have women who stayed home with the kids, cooked, and cleaned while men were the breadwinners. While this may or may not be the case today, that's a mold society has forced upon men and women that negatively forces them to act only that way. This is no way to live.
2. Men also have gender stereotypes that we commonly ignore. When it comes to mental health, men are simply shunned. Men who have depression, anxiety, or any other mental health disorder are forced to be silent and suffer because no light is brought to it since society believes men have to be strong all the time and help others, never themselves.
3. More than half, 57%, of main characters in children's books are male while women are 31% (Module 3, Page 11). These numbers were shocking as I never truly realized how dominant male representation was in children's literature. I can honestly tell you the non-binary and transgender percentage for representation is probably less than 1%, and that's truly sad.

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1. Children learn from books, which also means that they also learn to assimilate to the gender stereotypes that are given to them, such as girls not attempting to tryout for sports, or boys not attempting to tryout for dancing.
2. Some books that are present in libraries today that combat the gender stereotypes taught to children, such as 10,000 Dresses, a book about a boy that loves to dance and who identifies as a girl.
3. Although it is perfectly fine to have animals as characters in children's literature, it is a problem that a vast majority of those characters are male and that female representation is almost nonexistent.

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1. Books shape a child’s thought process, their conception of the world and their place in it. Black children do not get much representation, how are they going to feel validated?
2. Racial injustice is unequal treatment of individual or groups based on their race. Children spend most of their time in school and if books contain racist stereotypes, then we are giving birth to racial injustice.
3. An example of gender stereotypes in books is when animals are dressed up according to a gender and how that gender should look like. For instance, girl animals have eyelashes.

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1. Gender roles are important structural classifications within our multiverse of cultures, however we should not shun those who break moulds, and we should not resist the inevitable changes in the morphology of our societal constructions. Addressing gender role controversy is an important topic for childrens books to teach equitable approaches to societal expectations.
2. Gender representation in books is strongly affected by the authors ethnicity, culture, and gender.
3. Animal representation often allows a more unbias and inclusive representation of characters in childrens books. This leads to books that are more broadly applicable to being doors and / or windows for children.

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1.  Some ways society shapes and impacts gender identity is the use of gender norms, for centuries gender norms have been part of society which makes society programmed within those expectations and standards of both genders.

2. Cultural background affects gender identity due to the fact that some cultural backgrounds are heavily influenced by gender norms and roles.

3. The media has a big role in shaping gender identity due to the fact that the media has a lot of influence over it's viewers.

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1. Multiculturalism and gender bias are both important things should consider when we are evaluating children's literature in order ensure that books reflect the diversity of the world and portray characters in a fair and accurate way instead than perpetuating stereotypes or biases.

2. It’s important to avoid perpetuating gender stereotypes in children's literature since these can limit children's understanding of themselves and others.

understanding of the world around them.
3. Animals used in children's books often have gender roles that reflect human stereotypes. So it is crucial to evaluate these things carefully and challenge them appropriately because they can reinforce negative stereotypes and limit young children's understanding of gender roles.
4. By promoting multiculturalism and challenging gender bias in children's literature, we can help children develop a more accurate and distinct understanding of the world around them, and help them develop empathy and respect for others from diverse backgrounds.

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1. Children's books can create gender biases and limiting parameters of behavior for girls and boys.
2. An author could write a book with a perspective that makes roles and occupations gender neutral.
3. Teachers and parents could narrate stories in such a way that certain behaviors are not designated to only boys or girls.