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The Renaissance was a period of time when magnificent artwork was created. Philosophers, doctors, and artists all created new inventions that helped them in their proffesion.

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The Ming dynasty was one of the oldest ruling bodies of China. They created many inventions and heavily influenced agriculture.

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The city was so completely devastated that according to one witness, "for months, not a bird moved in the city." Delhi eventually was rebuilt. But it was not until the 16th century that a leader arose who would unify the empire.

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The Gutenberg bible was a symbol of revolution in the field of literature. This was the first ever bible in printed words, not written.

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Michelangelo completed the work such as the creation of Adam. The Sistine Chapel is located in Vatican City.

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Christopher Columbus lands in the Bahamas (October 12, 1492) 

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Christopher Columbus lands in the Bahamas (October 12, 1492) 

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Christopher Columbus discovering "the new world" was one of the most important advances in knowledge ever. This resulted in the formation of the English Colonies, which eventually lead to the creation of the U.S.A

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Babur inherited a kingdom in the area that is now Uzbekistan and Tajikistan. (1494)*

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Babur inherited a kingdom in the area that is now Uzbekistan and Tajikistan. (1494)*

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He was an 11-year-old brilliant boy. Even though the kingdom was tiny, and his elders soon took it away and drove him south, he built up an army.

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The Treaty of Tordesillas is signed (June 7, 1494) 

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The Treaty of Tordesillas is signed (June 7, 1494) 

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This treaty stabilized the war for territory between Spain & Portugal. This set clear borders between the two countries to establish peace.

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Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama began exploring (1497)*

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Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama began exploring (1497)*

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He began exploring the east African coast. In 1498, he reached the port of Calicut, on the southwestern coast of India.

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The Mona Lisa is a portrait painting by Italian artist, Leonardo Da Vinci. It is currently located in the Louvre Museum.

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First enslaved Africans arrive in the Americas (1511)

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First enslaved Africans arrive in the Americas (1511)

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The first enslaved African Americas were used for labor. These slaves were also used in plantations, but mainly for helping the American Colonies expand.

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Thomas More wrote the book Utopia (1516)*

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Thomas More wrote the book Utopia (1516)*

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He tried to show a better model of society. This book is about an imaginary land where greed, corruption, and war have been weeded out.

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Martin Luther’s 95 Theses (October 31, 1517) 

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Martin Luther’s 95 Theses (October 31, 1517) 

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Martin Luther sparked the Reformation in 1517 by posting his "95 Theses" on the door of the Castle Church in Wittenberg, Germany. It was a list of statements that expressed Luther's concerns about certain Church practices.

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Hernán Cortés the Spanish conquistador conquers the Aztec empire (1521)

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Hernán Cortés the Spanish conquistador conquers the Aztec empire (1521)

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The conquering of the Aztecs was a very major event. The Aztecs used to be the most powerful native american tribe, but fell to the spanish. If they did not fall, England would not gain access to this land, which could lead the U.S. to being a lot smaller.

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Copernicus publishes heliocentric theory (1543)

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Copernicus publishes heliocentric theory (1543)

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Heliocentric theory suggests the astronomical model in which the Earth and planets revolve around the Sun at the center of the universe. It was the opposite of Geocentric theory.

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Charles unwillingly agreed to the Peace of Augsburg (1555)*

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Charles unwillingly agreed to the Peace of Augsburg (1555)*

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He unwillingly agreed to the Peace of Augsburg, which allowed German princes to choose the religion for their territory. The following year, Charles V divided his immense empire and retired to a monastery.

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Queen Elizabeth takes the throne of England (November 17, 1558) 

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Queen Elizabeth takes the throne of England (November 17, 1558) 

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Queen Elizabeth I restored England to Protestantism. This broke with the policy of her predecessor and half-sister, Queen Mary I.

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Jamestown was the first successful permanent English settlement in what would become the United States. Disease, violence, drought, a meager harvest followed by a harsh winter, and poor drinking water left the majority of colonists dead that winter.

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Pilgrims founded a second English colony, Plymouth (1620)*

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Pilgrims founded a second English colony, Plymouth (1620)*

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Persecuted for their religious beliefs in England, these colonists sought religious freedom. Ten years later, a group known as Puritans also sought religious freedom from England's Anglican Church. They established a larger colony at nearby Massachusetts Bay.

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The Qing Dynasty was the final imperial dynasty in China, lasting from 1644 to 1912. The Qing dynasty was first established by the Manchus to designate their regime in Manchuria.

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It was a conflict between colonists and Native Americans. It began in 1675 when the Native American ruler Metacom led an attack on colonial villages throughout Massachusetts.

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Isaac Newton publishes “Principia,” a landmark work that established the universal laws of motion and gravity (1687)

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Isaac Newton publishes “Principia,” a landmark work that established the universal laws of motion and gravity (1687)

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Newton published his great work Principia, in which he described the universe as fixed, with Earth and other heavenly bodies moving harmoniously in accordance with mathematical laws. It includes Newton's famous theory of gravity.

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This was a glorious revolution indeed, mainly because no blood was spilled. This is when the king of England was "overthrown" and when he fled to elsewhere.

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Another name for the French and Indian war was the seven years war. It was fought between France and Great Britain to determine control of the vast colonial territory of North America.

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Congress approves the final text of the Declaration of Independence (July 4, 1776)

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Congress approves the final text of the Declaration of Independence (July 4, 1776)

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The declaration of independence is one of the most important documents in history. It signifies American independence from the British Monarch, which lead to the most powerful country to be formed.

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George Washington is inaugurated as the first U.S. President. (April 30, 1789)

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George Washington is inaugurated as the first U.S. President. (April 30, 1789)

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The inauguration was held nearly two months after the beginning of the first four-year term of George Washington as president. Washington took the oath with his hand on the Bible, and kissed the Bible after taking the oath.

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Storming of the Bastille (July 14, 1789)

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Storming of the Bastille (July 14, 1789)

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The storming of the Bastille chose to be a national holiday because it is an opportunity to celebrate French unity and the French way of life. It became a symbol of the end of the ancien régime.

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King Louis XVI is executed by guillotine (January 21, 1793)

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King Louis XVI is executed by guillotine (January 21, 1793)

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His death symbolised the long-awaited end of an unbroken thousand-year period of absolute monarchy in France. Also, it showed the true beginning of democracy within the nation.

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Maximilien Robespierre beheaded by the Guillotine (July 28, 1794)

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Maximilien Robespierre beheaded by the Guillotine (July 28, 1794)

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The irony of this was that he was known as “the incorruptible” because of his scrupulousness and his dedication to his beliefs and to the revolutionary cause. It caused his followers to be guillotined.

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Revolution and Independence in Haiti (January 1, 1804)

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Revolution and Independence in Haiti (January 1, 1804)

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The revolution and independence in Haiti are significant because Haiti is the only country where slave freedom was taken by force. The first leader was Jean-Jacques Dessalines.

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Napoleon crowned Emperor of France (December 2, 1804)

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Napoleon crowned Emperor of France (December 2, 1804)

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Napoleon symbolically showed that he would not be controlled by Rome or submit to any power other than himself. This was very important, both as a show of strength to reassure his allies and to quell any potential uprisings or anarchy by proclaiming himself the highest authority in France.

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The Slave Trade is abolished in the British Empire (May 25, 1807)

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The Slave Trade is abolished in the British Empire (May 25, 1807)

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King George III signed into law the Act for the Abolition of the Slave Trade, banning trading in enslaved people the British Empire. It was passed by the British Parliament in 1807. The Act made it illegal to buy and sell enslaved people throughout the British colonies.

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Ludwig van Beethoven composes his famous Ninth Symphony (1822-1824)

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Ludwig van Beethoven composes his famous Ninth Symphony (1822-1824)

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Ludwig van Beethoven led the way during the Romantic Period. It emphasized nature and the importance of emotion and artistic freedom.

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The lutheran church was formed (April 26, 1847)*

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The lutheran church was formed (April 26, 1847)*

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The Lutheran church was a church that believed in God, but had different leaders and culture than the Catholic Church. This church was based off of Martin Luther's teachings instead of the Catholic Church.

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Charles Darwin publishes theory of evolution (1859)

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Charles Darwin publishes theory of evolution (1859)

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Darwin's theory is called Darwinism. It is based on the phenomenon of natural selection as creatures evolve.

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Wilhelm I appoints Otto von Bismarck Prime Minister (1862)

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Wilhelm I appoints Otto von Bismarck Prime Minister (1862)

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Bismarck introduced progressive reforms including universal male suffrage and the establishment of the first welfare state in order to achieve his goals. He manipulated European rivalries to make Germany a world power, but in doing so laid the groundwork for both World Wars.

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Victor Hugo writes Les Miserables (1862)

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Victor Hugo writes Les Miserables (1862)

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Victor Hugo created Les Misérables to criticize the injustices of 19th century France. It shows courage, love, heartbreak, passion, and the resilience of the human spirit.

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Abraham Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation (January 1, 1863)

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Abraham Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation (January 1, 1863)

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Abraham Lincoln issues the emancipation Proclamation during the civil war. The proclamation declared "that all persons held as slaves" within the rebellious states "are, and henceforward shall be free."

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Abraham Lincoln's death at the theatre (April 15, 1865) *

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Abraham Lincoln's death at the theatre (April 15, 1865) *

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This death was a nation-wide sorrow in the United States. After this death, the secret service protection was heavily revamped and increased.

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The Japanese Civil War Begins (1868 - 1869) *

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The Japanese Civil War Begins (1868 - 1869) *

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This civil war was very important to Japan, mainly because it was to unify it. Japan for many years wasn't unified, but this war lead to one shotgunate to rule over all.