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Smoking cigarettes can affect nearly every part/organ of your body, even your heart. When breathed in, a toxic mix of chemicals in cigarettes smoke can affect the important processes that help in the delivery of oxygen into the heart. The blood that is distributed to the rest of the body becomes contaminated with the smokes chemicals. Theses chemicals can damage the heart and blood vessels, which eventually can lead to Cardiovascular disease( CVD). CVD is known to be the leading cause of death in the United States. This means that even if you do not smoke you can get second hand exposure from the smoke. Smoking increases the formation of plaque in blood vessels. Coronary heart disease occurs when the arteries can not carry blood to the heart muscle and are narrowed by plaque/ blocked by clots. Chemical sin ciggartte smoke can cause the blood to thicken and form clots inside veins and arteries. Smoking cigarettes can also  cause CVD by changing your blood chemistry. Therefore, causing the plaque, which is a waxy substance that is composed of cholestrol, calcium, fat and scar tissue. The build up fat is also called atherolocisis. Athercolosis causes blood to be thickened and it makes it harder for the blood cells to move through arteries.

Smoking and cardiovascular disease . Johns Hopkins Medicine. (2020, July 20). Retrieved August 3, 2022, from https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/smoking-and-cardiovascular-disease

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Cholesterol is a fat-like substance that travels around in blood stream in high-densityy lipoproteins (HDL and low density lipoproteins (LDL). HDL is knowns as the good cholesterol and LDL is known as the bad cholesterol. Due to high amounts of cholesterol in blood, the patient can develop fat deposits in your blood vessels. Eventually, these deposits grow, making it difficult for enough blood to flow through your arteries. Narrowed or blocked arteries can prevent blood from reaching your heart, brain and other organs. This can lead stroke, heart attack or even heart failure. In general, heart disease and heart health is affected by high levels of HDL. Dietary guidless specifically limited the amount of cholesterol that people should eat. It is suggested that low diestery cholesterol can reduce risk of heart disease in adults . The sources of cholesterol in diet comes from trans fat and saturated fats. Trans fats raise your LDL cholesterol and lower your HDL cholesterol. both of these changes are associated with increased risk of heart disease, according to AHA. Saturated fats are another source of LDL cholesterol and should be consumed is small amounts. Foods containing saturated fats include; sweet treats and pasteries, read and fatty meat, shortening lard, tallow, mainly fried foods and whole fat dairy products such as milk butter, cheese and cream. Trans fats as well as saturated fats are high cholesterol foods, and can contribute to weight gain and obesity. Being overweight to obese raise the risk of heart disease as well as other health conditions. To prevent high cholesterol it is essential to lower trans fat and saturated fat consumption as well as maintaining a healthy diet and exercising are great ways to prevent high cholesterol and maintain heart health.

Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. (2021, July 20). High cholesterol CDC. Mayo Clinic. Retrieved August 3, 2022, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/high-blood-cholesterol/symptoms-causes/syc-20350800

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How blood pressure can affect heart health

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How blood pressure can affect heart health

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High blood pressure also known as hypertension can build up over time. Uncontrolled high blood pressure can lead to Cardiovascular Disease. Health arteries are flexible, strongwomen and elastic. High blood pressure gradually increases the pressure of blood flowing through the Cartier's. Hypertension may cause; damaged and narrowed arteries. High blood pressure can damage the cells of the arteries inner lining. This leads to damage to the heart which can cause coronary artery disease. Arteries that are narrowed and damaged by high blood pressure have trouble supplying blood to the heart. The lack of blood flow to the heart can lead to chest pain-also known as angina, irregular heart rhythms or even heart attack. High blood pressure forces the hear to work harder to pump blood to the rest of the body. Therefore, causing the left chamber in the heart- left ventricle, to thicken. A thickened left ventricle increases the risk of heart attack, heart failure and sudden cardiac death. In summary, high blood pressure forces your heart to work hard to pump blood to the rest of your body . This couses part of your heart to thicken. A thickened left ventricle increases your is of heart attack and heart failure.

High blood pressure AHA. www.heart.org. (n.d.). Retrieved August 3, 2022, from https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/high-blood-pressure

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Obesity is a growing health problem worldwide. It is associated with an increased cardiovascular risk and obesity itself is associated with other medical conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, insulin resistance. Excess weight ( obesity) can lead to fatty material building up in your arteries. There are many ways that obesity can caause heart disease. Obesity can change your cholesterol levels, it is commonly known that obesity can cause an increase in triglyceride levels and LDL cholesterol levels. Obesity can also lower HDL levels( good cholesterol), which is essential to lower bad cholesterol levels and work to reduce heart disease. Obesity can also result in the rise of blood pressure. Due to the fact that, obese individuals require an increase in blood to supply oxygen and nutrients  to their bodies. The body will also require more pressure to move this blood around. High blood pressures also a common cause of heart attack, which is more common in obese individuals. Obesity leads structural and functional changes of the heart which can cause heart failure.

Weight: A silent heart risk. Johns Hopkins Medicine. (2021, November 3). Retrieved August 3, 2022, from https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/weight-a-silent-heart-risk

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Heart disease is common in people with diabetes. Overtime, high blood sugar can damage vessels and the nerves that control your heart. Patents with diabetes ae also more likely to have other conditions that raise the risk for heart disease. This also leads back to diet choices. The increase in exercise can lower blood sugar. There are several risks that can increase your chance of heart attack. The more negatives the patient has the higher the chance they have for heart attack. This can occur in typically older patients but it is essential to have a good exercise routine as well as having a healthy diet.

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How physical health affects heart health

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How physical health affects heart health

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Exercise has many positive effects on heart health. A regular exercise routine can help lower blood pressure, lower the risk of developing diabetes, maintaining a healthy body weight and reducing inflammation throughout the body. According to Dr. Kerry Stewart, director of Clinical Research Exercise Physiology at John Hopkins, the key benefits of excursive is that it helps to control to modify many of the risk factors for heart disease. Aerobic exercise is vital because it gets the heart pumping, strengthening the heart muscle. Physical exercise can significantly reduce coronary heart disease amount the overweight and obese population. Maintaining a normal weight as well as physical activity are important for preventing coronary heart disease.

Physical activity for heart health. Johns Hopkins Medicine. (n.d.). Retrieved August 3, 2022, from https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/physical-activity-for-heart-health

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In one of the categories a cholesterol showing how certain risk factors are connected. In this context, LDL cholesterol( bad cholesterol) and diet are related. The diet that patents maintain is critical for their heart health as it is cooralated with LDL to HDL ratio. The higher the LDL cholesterol the lower the HDL cholesterol( good cholesterol).
A diet that is high in slat is linked to hypertension( blood pressure) which can increase your risk for heart seas and stroke. Foods that are processed contain high amounts of salts and typically processed foods also contain a lot of trans fats as well as saturated fats. All of these types of food can lead to an increased in heart disease, stroke and failure. Eating a variety of foods is beneficial to our health and can help reduce our is of disease. Try to eat a win evartiey of foods each from the five food groups, in the poportions recommended. A healthy heart diet consists of plenty of vegetables and whole grains, a variety healthy protein sources, herbs and spices to flavored foods instead of adding salt. Typically ready- made meals are the highest in the three dietary risk factors for CVD. Processed and ready to go food typically are the highest in cholesterol
Overall, a healthy diet can cut down weight ( also a risk factor for CVD) as well as blood pressure, cholesterol.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019, December 9). Know your risk for heart disease. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved August 3, 2022, from https://www.cdc.gov/heartdisease/risk_factors.htm

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Mental health and stress can positively or negatively impact your physical health and risk factors for heart disease and stroke. Stress contributes to poor health behaviors linked to increased risk for heart disease and stroke such as; smoking, lack of physical activity, unhealthy diet, being overweight and not taking medications as prescribed. These are mostly all the symptoms that are talked about in the other panels as well. A stressful situation sets off a chain of effects. Your body releases adrenaline , a hormone that temporarily causes breathing and heart rate to speed up and your blood pressure to rise. These reactions prepare the body to deal with a fight or flight response. Typically, chronic stress is seen in patents and it is when stress is constant and your body is in high gear odd and on for days to weeks at a time. High blood pressure is a result of chronic stress, which leads to an increase for heart attack and stroke. Managing stress is important and good for your health and well being. Negative physiological health/ mental health is associated with an increased risk of CVD. Negative mental health conditions include; depression, chronic stress, anxiety, anger, pessimism and dissatisfaction with life. Therefore, maintaining stress is important. The best ways to maintain stress include; excercising regular, getting enough sleep, maintaining a positive attitude, practicing relaxation and finding a hobby.

Stress and heart health. www.heart.org. (2022, July 26). Retrieved August 3, 2022, from https://www.heart.org/en/healthy-living/healthy-lifestyle/stress-management/stress-and-heart-health