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This crash was during a long period of speculation where millions of people invested their savings or borrowed money to buy stocks, pushing the prices to unsustainable levels. This destroyed the confidence in the Wall Street markets and later led to the Great Depression. People found ways to make profit in small amounts during the decline by short sale, selling stock you bought through a broker. Billions of dollars were lost, thousands of investments were lost, and panic reached its peak.

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Atomic Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki - August 6-7 1945

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Atomic Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki - August 6-7 1945

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During WW2 an American bomber dropped the world’s first deployed atomic bomb over the Japanese city, Hiroshima. This explosion had an immediate effect by killing an estimated 80,000 people and later, more people died from radiation exposure. Only three days later, another bomb was dropped on Nagasaki killing almost 40,000 people. After this, Japan’s emperor surrendered in WW2.

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Creation of the United Nations - October 24, 1945

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Creation of the United Nations - October 24, 1945

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The United Nations was founded after World War II in order to maintain peace and security between the 51 countries involved. This international organization focuses on improving social progress, living standards, and human rights.

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Winston Churchill "Iron Curtain" speech - March 5, 1946

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Winston Churchill "Iron Curtain" speech - March 5, 1946

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Delivered by Winston Churchill at Westminster College in Fulton, Missouri, the “Iron Curtain” speech is still considered one of Churchill’s most significant speeches. It offered a plan to aid the west in the Cold War.

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The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) is established - July 26, 1947

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The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) is established - July 26, 1947

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The Central Intelligence Agency was established by the National Security Act of 1947. The act stated that the CIA’s purpose was to coordinate the United States’ intelligence activities, which included collecting, evaluating, and disseminating intelligence that would affect national security.

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The Marshall Plan intended to provide aid to Western Europe after World War II. Also known as the European Recovery Program, it provided over $15 billion that went towards rebuilding Europe after it was enacted in 1948.

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The Berlin Blockade: June 24, 1948 - May 12, 1949

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The Berlin Blockade: June 24, 1948 - May 12, 1949

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The Berlin Blockade was the Soviet Union's attempt to control the travel of the United States, Great Britain, and France to their sectors of Berlin. At the time, Berlin was within Russian occupied East Germany.

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NATO, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, was established in 1949 by the United States, Canada, and several nations in Western Europe. This peacetime military alliance was intended to provide security against the Soviet Union for each of the nations involved.

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Communist Revolution in China - October 1, 1949

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Communist Revolution in China - October 1, 1949

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Mao Zedong, a Chinese Communist leader, established the People’s Republic of China, or the PRC. This declaration put an end to the civil conflict between the Chinese Communist Party and the Kuomintang, the Nationalist Party.

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Twenty-Second Amendment to the Constitution is ratified - February 27, 1951 

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Twenty-Second Amendment to the Constitution is ratified - February 27, 1951 

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The 22nd Amendment states that each president of the United States is limited to serving two terms in office. This amendment was put in place in order to prevent uneven distribution of power over the country.

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Execution of Julius and Ethel Rosenberg - June 19, 1953

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Execution of Julius and Ethel Rosenberg - June 19, 1953

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Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were convicted of conspiring to pass classified information regarding United States’ atomic resources to the Soviet Union. Both refused to confess until the time of their execution by the electric chair.

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The Korean War took off when the North Korean Communist army crossed the 38th parallel and invaded non-Communist South Korea. Kim Il-sung's North Korean army, armed with Soviet tanks, quickly overran South Korea and the United States helped to aid South Korea. The war reached international proportions when North Korea, supplied and advised by the Soviet Union, invaded the South.

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Brown v. Board of Education - May 17, 1954

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Brown v. Board of Education - May 17, 1954

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The topic of the Brown v. Board of Education was to rule that separating children in public schools on the basis of race was unconstitutional. This signaled the end of legalized racial segregation in schools in the United States. They argued that such segregation violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. The plaintiffs were denied relief in the lower courts based on Plessy v. Ferguson, which held that racially segregated public facilities were legal so long as the facilities for blacks and whites were equal.

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The Vietnam War - November 1, 1955 - April 30, 1975

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The Vietnam War - November 1, 1955 - April 30, 1975

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A long conflict that pitted the Communist government of North Vietnam against South Vietnam and its ally, the United States. The center of this conflict started over the desire of North Vietnam, who defeated the French colonial administration and wanted to unify the entire country under a single communist regime. More than 3 million people (including over 58,000 Americans) were killed in the Vietnam War, and more than half of the dead were Vietnamese civilians. The opposing side, the United States divided Americans after President Nixon signed the Paris Peace Accords.

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The Montgomery Bus Boycott - December 5, 1955

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The Montgomery Bus Boycott - December 5, 1955

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On December 1, 1955, the arrest of Rosa Parks stimulated the Montgomery bus Boycott after she did not give up her seat for a white person. After 13 months of protesting, the U.S. ended it with the Supreme Court ruling that segregation on public buses was unconstitutional. The boycott left an impact of publicity in the national press. Events like these inspired other African American communities in the South to protest racial discrimination and related to the Civil Rights Movement.

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Suez Crisis - October 29, 1956 - November 7, 1956

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Suez Crisis - October 29, 1956 - November 7, 1956

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The Suez Crisis was an international crisis in the Middle East. It began when the Egyptian President nationalized the Suez Canal, which had previously been controlled by the French and British.

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Southern Christian Leadership Conference "SCLC"  - January 10-11, 1957

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Southern Christian Leadership Conference "SCLC"  - January 10-11, 1957

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The Southern Christian Leadership Conference was established in 1957. Its main goal was to organize nonviolent resistance against the violation of the people's civil rights.

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Sputnik became the first artificial satellite to orbit earth that was launched into lower earth by the Soviet Union. This basketball - sized satellite orbited earth three weeks before its batteries went out. During this time, there was a period of public fear due to the Western nations and the technological gap between the United States and the Soviet Union because the Soviets launched the first one.

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On April 17, Cuban invasion force landed on the beaches along the Bay of Pigs and immediately caught on fire. This was the result of a failed landing operation on the coast of Cuba that opposed Fidel Castro's Cuban Revolution, covertly financed and directed by the U.S. government. The United State’s goal was to send trained Cuban exiles to overthrow the government in Cuba.

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During May of 1961 student activists from the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) launched the Freedom Rides to challenge segregation on interstate buses and bus terminals. These Freedom Riders were activists who rode interstate buses into the segregated Southern United States. These groups of whites and African Americans were confronted by arresting police officers as well as horrific violence from white protestors. Along their routes, they also drew international attention to the civil rights movement.

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The purpose of the Berlin wall was to keep Western “fascists” from entering East Germany and undermining the social state. It was known as the “Iron Curtain” because it separated the East and West. The wall was to prevent the West from having any more influence on the East, stop the flow of immigrants out of the communist sector, and it was an iconic image during the Cold War in Europe.

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Creation of the United Farm Workers (UFW) - August 22, 1962 

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Creation of the United Farm Workers (UFW) - August 22, 1962 

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The United Farm Workers (UFW) was originally formed in as a collaboration between the Filipino Agricultural Workers Organizing Committee and the National Farm Workers Association. This union grew and went on to build relationships with religious, student, and civil rights organizations.

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Cuban Missile Crisis - October 16-28, 1962 

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Cuban Missile Crisis - October 16-28, 1962 

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Leaders of the Soviet Union and the U.S. were in a political and military standoff during the Cuban Missile Crisis. This was sparked in October 1962 over the installation of nuclear-armed Soviet missiles on Cuba, just 90 miles from U.S. shores. After this, many people feared they were on the edge of a nuclear war but it was resolved when the U.S. agreed to Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev’s offer to remove the Cuban missiles in exchange for the U.S. promising not to invade Cuba.

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Publication of the Feminine Mystique - February 19, 1963 

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Publication of the Feminine Mystique - February 19, 1963 

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The Feminine Mystique was a novel written by Betty Friedan that was considered to be one of the most influential non - fiction books of the 20th century. This was a huge inspiration of modern feminism in the United States. It widely covered the sparking second - wave feminism. Immense backlash was released after the novel was published. Many people against feminism lashed out and stated they felt the jobs of wives and mothers could never be fulfilled.

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The March on Washington was a massive protest in front of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington DC where 250,000 people marched for jobs and freedom. This event brought attention to the challenges and inequalities African Americans faced during this century. Martin Luther King Jr’s iconic “I have a dream ” speech took place on this day.

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Martin Luther King Jr.’s “I Have a Dream” Speech - August 28, 1963

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Martin Luther King Jr.’s “I Have a Dream” Speech - August 28, 1963

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During the civil rights march in Washington, D.C., Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his most famous speech to a crowd of 200,000 people. The “I Have a Dream” speech uses religious symbolism to discuss his hopes for the future regarding racial equality.

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Assassination of John. F. Kennedy - November 22, 1963 

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Assassination of John. F. Kennedy - November 22, 1963 

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President John F. Kennedy was assassinated while participating in a motorcade in downtown Dallas, Texas, while he was campaigning there. An hour later, police arrested Lee Harvey Oswald for the assassination of the President, who was shot and killed by Jack Ruby as he was being transferred to the county jail on November 24.

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The Civil Rights Act prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or natural origin. Provisions of this act ban discrimination, race in hiring, firing, and promoting. This act strengthened enforcement of voting rights and the desegregation of schools. This act was the benchmark for civil rights in America and it’s forever ongoing.

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The Voting Rights Act was signed by President Lyndon Johnson in August of 1965. The Act outlawed the discriminatory voting practices adopted in many southern states after the Civil War. The goal of signing was to overcome legal barriers at the state and local levels that prevented African Americans from exercising their right to vote as guaranteed under the 15th Amendment to the U.S. Johnson was officially elected in a landslide victory and used this mandate to push for legislation he believed would improve the American way of life, such as stronger voting-rights laws.

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Tet Offensive - January 31-September 23, 1968 

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Tet Offensive - January 31-September 23, 1968 

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The Tet Offensive was a series of attacks coordinated by the North Vietnamese on over 100 cities in South Vietnam. The purpose of these attacks were to communicate to the South Vietnamese population as well as the United States to stop the rebellion and scale back their involvement in the war.

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Assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. - April 4, 1968

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Assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. - April 4, 1968

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On April 4, Martin Luther King Jr was shot dead while standing outside his second balcony in Memphis Tennessee. News of King's death sparked major outbreaks of racial violence and shortly after more than 40 deaths nationwide and extensive property damage in American cities. Martin influenced many people’s opinions on Civil Rights and voting rights for Americans and left speeches people live by to this day.

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On June 28, 1969 New York City Police raided a gay club known as the Stonewall Inn this was a major event because there had been tension between the gays and the NY Police. Police hauled patrones and employees out of the bar, this was a start to six days of violence and protests. This prompted the start of the Gay Rights Movement in the United States and around the world.

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"Red Power" Occupation of Alcatraz - November 20, 1969 

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"Red Power" Occupation of Alcatraz - November 20, 1969 

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The "Red Power" Occupation of Alcatraz took place when a group of Native American activists arrived on Alcatraz. This group, known as the Indians of All Tribes, spoke out against the Termination Policy put in place by the U.S. Government, and continued to attempt to raise public awareness of more of the struggles of Native American people.

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Shooting at Kent State University - May 4, 1970

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Shooting at Kent State University - May 4, 1970

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Members of the Ohio National Guard fired into a crowd of students gathered for an antiwar protest at Kent State University. Four Kent State students were killed and nine more were wounded. The impact of these shootings triggered a response from students at hundreds of colleges and universities.

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The Watergate Scandal began when there was a break-in to the Democratic National Committee headquarters in the early morning of June 17, 1972. This investigation was significant as it ultimately exposed the Nixon Administration's corruption and abuse of power, and led to the president's resignation in August of 1974.

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Title IX of the Educational Amendments - June 23, 1972 

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Title IX of the Educational Amendments - June 23, 1972 

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Title IX of the Educational Amendments prohibits the discrimination of any education program funded by the federal government on the basis of sex. This includes pregnancy, sexual orientation, or gender identity.

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Roe v. Wade was a legal case in the United States Supreme Court that ruled that restrictive state regulation of abortion is unconstitutional. The ruling of this case is still heavily debated even today.

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Resignation of Richard Nixon - August 8, 1974 

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Resignation of Richard Nixon - August 8, 1974 

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President Richard Nixon announces his intention to become the first president in American history to resign. With his involvement in the Watergate affair and impeachment proceedings against him, he was able to leave the White House and relieve pressure from the public and congress. He ended his term as the 37th president of the United States and departed on a helicopter with his family. Just a few minutes later, Vice President Gerald R. Ford became the 38th president in the East room of the White House.

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The attacks in New York City on September 11 came from a series of airline hijacking and suicide attacks commited by 19 terrorists associated with the Islamic extremist group al-Qaeda. These were known as the deadliest terrorist attacks in the U.S. history killing almost 3,000 people and causing extensive death and destruction that triggered peoples efforts to combat terrorism. Police and Fire departments were hard-hit when hundreds rushed to the scene and over 400 lost their lives. It took years for the people of the United States to recover from these events including the attacks in Washington D.C.

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Department of Homeland Security (DHS) - November 5, 2002

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Department of Homeland Security (DHS) - November 5, 2002

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The Department of Homeland Security worked to improve security in the United States. The Department's work includes customs, border, and immigration enforcement, emergency response to natural and manmade disasters, antiterrorism work, and cybersecurity. The role of this department was to secure the nation from the many threats we face as americans. With more than 240,000 employees dedicated to their work to make sure aviation and border security are ready for emergency response.