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Cuyler: Can Namib Desert Beetles Help Us Solve Our Drought Problems?

The beetle climbs on top of a sand dune and waits for fog. The bumps on his shell help the fog to condensate letting the moisture drop off so the beetle can drink water.

Philippe:https://www.technologyreview.com/2008/04/22/34675/gecko-tape/

This article discusses the development of "gecko tape" by researchers at the University of Manchester. Inspired by the abilities of gecko feet, the scientists created a synthetic material by depositing carbon nanotubes on a flexible plastic film. This tape mimics the tiny hairs on gecko feet, allowing it to adhere to surfaces through van der Waals forces. The potential applications of gecko tape include robotics, medical bandages, and climbing equipment, offering a reusable and residue-free adhesive solution. Overall, the article highlights the promising nature of gecko tape and its potential to revolutionize various industries.

Aliki: Wet suits with hair?

Otters → grow 1 million hairs

As they swim the thick fur traps air next to the otter’s body. That prevents water from soaking through to the skin, where it can sap body heat

Chemical composition of surface → how well water can soak

MIT researchers → water repellent properties → test by using lasers to create a mold with tubular holes

Length and spacing were observed

Can use this fact and get inspiration from otters to design waterproof fur

Jomana: New ‘biomimetic’ glue shows high-strength bonding under water

The information links to chemistry since it involves the new glue becoming stronger due to hydrogen bonding while in water which is the strongest type of bonding. The glue is made of a biomimetic polymer which is modeled after the adhesive proteins of mussels because mussels stick to floor with ease using these proteins. This then made the glue perform better than 10 commercial adhesives. This is also linked to biology since it contains the use of the amino acids found in mussels that make them stick.

Stoyana: How Bio-Inspired Packaging Can Dramatically Lower Food Spoilage

- The video was published by Biomimicry Institute. The information in it can be linked to one of the sustainable development goals - Number 12: responsible consumption and production. It is based on the idea that fruits and vegetables they alive for days or even weeks despite them being harvested which results in them losing contact and communication with their source of life.

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Website: New ‘biomimetic’ glue shows high-strength bonding under water

Biology: This biometric glue uses biological properties to create adhesion under water, which we learn about in unit 2 - molecular biology this year. This glue is modelled after glue created by shellfish, a group of creatures which could be studied in biology and were mentioned in unit 4. The glue works using the amino acid DOPA. The adhesive is stronger than commercial glue.

Article: Natural systems agriculture

ESS:  this is connected to ESS, because natural systems agriculture and ess focus on a holistic approach since they are both focused on managing and understanding the ecosystem. Not only this but the biggest factor is that there is an importance on relying on sustainability.

Article: Wet suits with hair?

Biology: This wetsuit uses hair design similar to that used by marine mammals such as otters. The hair the otters have is so dense that air gets trapped close to the skin, meaning water cannot flow through, even with its low viscosity. This keeps the otters warm and their body heat heats up the air. This links with the bio unit two where water and its properties were discussed.

Video: How Bio-inspired packaging can dramatically lower food spoilage.

ESS: this links to ESS because it's focusing on the importance of resource efficiency in the natural ecosystem, which is essential to a sustainable living, not only that but it also creates an awareness on environmental struggles and creating an idea to fix the environmental struggle, which is creating sustainable packaging.

Video: More efficient wind turbines inspired by owls and maple seeds

Physics: This can be linked to Physics as the turbine used here is a machinery that transforms the wind energy generated into electrical energy.

ESS:  these are in link because ess is all about finding solution to fix environmental issues created by humans, and in this example there was a project created to fix a environmental issue which impacted the people but also the ecosystem, this is how these two link with each other

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What is a Neural Network? - Simplilearn
Computer Science, Biology

Machine learning algorithms are inspired by the brain. Neural networks can be trained with data to do specific tasks such as differentiating and classifying images. The training allows input data to be processed to achieve an outcome. Like when animals are exposed to data and information, data can be used to train algorithms in a specific task or skill.

Wet suits with hair?

Chemical recipes of furry wetsuits

Density of the products and how it traps air closest to the skin

Physics and chemistry

Natural systems agriculture

Solving agricultural problems

ESS

Micro-barbs could make shots less painful

Biology

Anatomy

Mechanical engineering

The barbs on the needle which make it hurt less are based of the stinger on a honeybee, mosquito and worm

New ‘biomimetic’ glue shows high-strength bonding under water

Biology, Chemistry

Shellfish and mussels are good at sticking to surfaces and we can be inspired by this to create adhesives that work in water. The chemical properties and structures in adhesive functions of mussels include proteins in the glue contain the amino acid DOPA.

Biomimicry: Engineering in nature’s style

Airbus engineering

Physics

Cybersecurity and Biology: Biomimicry and Innovation Inspired by Nature

Computer science.

By observing how organisms protect themselves, we can develop innovative strategies. For example, digital ants monitor systems for anomalies like malware, mimicking how real ants work together.

Genetic algorithm explanation

Computer science, Biology

The genetic algorithm is a method for solving both constrained and unconstrained optimization problems that is based on natural selection, the process that drives biological evolution.

How Bio-inspired packaging can dramatically lower food spoilage.

ESS

Global waste

Botany

Plant biology

Bio-inspired clothing technology: How insects inspire better waterproof breathable sportsware.

Creating technology to make waterproof clothing.

Looking at nonpolarity in materials

Biology and chemistry

More efficient wind turbines inspired by owls and maple seeds

Physics

inspired by the silent flight of owls, reduces noise levels in wind turbines by utilising specialised fringes on the blades. This allows for faster rotation and increased power generation.

Better surfaces through nature (and laser): Using nanotechnology to create functional surfaces

Chemistry and biology

By studying the natural structures found in lotus leaves and moth eyes, they are able to mimic these features on human-made materials. The nanoscale pillars on lotus leaves repel water and dirt, while the intricate nanopillared surfaces on moth eyes absorb light

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Summer & Jade : ESS and Design
concept 1:
This video explains how a beetle is able to climb on top of sand dunes while standing on his head, continuing to lift the scales of his wings up. There are bumps. The tips of these work like magnets. The sides are waxy so when fog comes it starts to aggregate at the tips. This can also work with creating solutions for global water shortages relating to ESS and design as it would create a product for a global problem for example creating refillable water bottles, by applying the material at the inside of the bottle.
concept 2:
This video related this building and the factors it took to build it (that have the same function and characteristics as a termite) connects to design (it looks at what would be the most successful way to build a building that releases heat and keeps the cold air) and physics connects to this by applying the exchange of energy, heat, light.
Sophie
concept 3: Physics - the air colliding at certain parts results in unwanted noise and turbulence. Mimicking the following traits of owls allows the blades of the windmills to move through the air without creating these unnecessary byproducts.

Design - design of the blades (mimicking fringe of the feathers of the wings on owls). Incorporating these elements to solve a problem involves design. The blades would have different edges so that the air streams collide in specific locations, minimising noise and turbulence.

Concept 4: Chemistry - polar and nonpolar parts of insects to let the water slide off the insects. Mimicked to have polar and nonpolar materials interact.

Physics - interactions between the materials (how water slides off the insects so that it does not weigh them down).

Design - layering different materials so that they perform their designated functions.

Carlie
Concept 5: Bio/design – body heat solution

By observing the abilities that otters have to retain body heat because of their hair, a wetsuit design was created with small stubby structures to mimic that structure. This uses biology, as it speaks to the idea of body heat and internal temperature, and design when it comes to the actual design of the wetsuit.

concept 6: Article: Natural systems agriculture

The idea of mimicking natural systems in agriculture is a part of ESS, as it’s an environmental system.

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The design of the kingfishers are very aerodynamic and they can fall in the water at great speed without splashing much water, the Japanese engineer designed the train based on this as t used to make loud noise while going through the tunnels at high speed which disturbed the residents the same was done  by the to make the gun bullets

And by doing this we got more efficiency and less power consumption.

And the same goes for the aerodynamics of aeroplanes they used the shark fins as shar can glide through the water pretty fast and it goes the same with the air vehicles and the wings like bird. Which makes it fly faster but still the research is being going on in this sector.

Bio-inspired packaging refers to packaging materials and designs that draw inspiration from nature and biological systems. By emulating the strategies found in nature, bio-inspired packaging has the potential to significantly reduce food spoilage. By controlling moisture increasing breathability, food spoilage could be greatly reduced.

Link to a Bio package info link:

https://www.ift.org/news-and-publications/food-technology-magazine/issues/2020/september/features/reducing-food-waste-via-active-packaging

Wet suits with hair are a type of wetsuit that incorporates synthetic fur-like material on the exterior surface. While traditional wetsuits are typically smooth, these furry wetsuits have strands or fibers resembling hair covering the outside. The hair like material provides increased insulation and reduce friction within water.

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- Tetyana, Dominick, Elsa and Efe -

Train (Physics)/(aerodynamics)

Animals such as birds, fish, and even the shape of a cheetah's body have inspired train designers to optimise aerodynamics, reduce drag, and enhance speed. Physics comes into play as engineers apply principles like fluid dynamics and air resistance to mimic the efficient and streamlined forms found in nature.

Namib desert beetles (ESS)

In ESS we often study the use of different organisms in ecosystems and how they can affect or benefit environmental issues. In this example, the Namib desert beetle is able to use their wing scales to absorb water droplets from fog, and therefore we can use them as a model for solving water shortages.

Gecko tape (Biology/Chemistry)

In order to stick to outside surfaces, such organisms as geckos utilise special nanoscale structures, which expand the surface area of their toes and thus allow them to adhere. These structures are flexible and hairlike, which are useful properties. Scientists have unexpectedly connected this to the medical issue of the transportation of drugs.

Airbus engineering (Physics)
Every surface of the aeroplane should be as smooth as possible in order to cut through the air. With the inspiration of shark fins which are covered in small, tooth-like riblets the surface of the aeroplane can be smoother.

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Ainge and Lisa: ESS, animals consistently use strategies to make their livelihoods easier.
Willow trees use leaves as solar panels, which captures solar energy with nontoxic and biodegradable materials
-Spiders weave thin strings which is almost invisible to insects during flight, allowing them to catch prey efficiently
-Polar bears are able to survive the cold with insulation from thick coats of fur
- Leaves have dents which act as funnels to let water run down them

Harjot and Elina: Biology
Salamanders can regrow their limbs which relates to biology because certain proteins in their body relate to cell regeneration. It can be studied in biology at a microscopic level

Chemistry: Biomimetic glue
Adhesive properties of mussels protein's allow for different substances to be efficiently stuck together. These relate to chemical bonding properties.

Physics:
-Willow trunks move water against gravity without motors - Nature, through their naturally found forces exploit physical attributes of nature to gain advantages in their lives.

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Group Member Name | Science studied | Link to example | How you might study it in your Science
Nyamisi | ESS | Pigment Molecules Absorb and Transfer Solar Energy  | In ESS, we study ecosystems a lot and a recurring topic is solar energy. This is because all terrestrial and aquatic systems get their energy from the sun. The link also goes into photosynthesis which is a prominent discussion in ESS.
Feride | Biology | “Bio-based film from Sichuan University is made of a combination of polymers and cellulose nanocrystals that makes it both colour-changing and flexible.” | In biology, previously we have studied the function and structure of both cellulose and polymers. This background knowledge can be helpful when discussing the colour changing abilities.
Thomas | Physics | https://asknature.org/innovation/strong-durable-composite-technology-inspired-by-the-mantis-shrimp/  | Helicoid Technology uses an innovative helicoid design to increase strength and toughness while using less materials. The shape and architecture of the mantis shrimp is extremely efficient and strong.
Ryan | Chemistry | https://asknature.org/innovation/high-powered-cleaners-inspired-by-enzymes/  | Through the chemical lens, we have observed how enzymes function and how they enhance our systems. Through observation we can use similar systems implemented in our cleaners.

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Group Member Name | Science studied | Link to example | How you might study it in your Science

Anna | Chemistry and Biology  |
This connects to the idea of Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution, suggesting that organisms which adapt to their surroundings are most successful in surviving and reproducing. In relation to the Toucan, they have developed a very long and light beak which allows them to reach fruit from branches far away. | Learning about evolution and biodiversity of ecosystems.

Tuana | ESS | The Common Toucan relates to ESS by exploring how its principles can be applied in engineering to create safer and more resilient materials and structures. | Investigating its role in the ecosystem and its interactions with other species.

Marilyn | Chemistry | Shows understanding of different types of chemical relationships and how they may provide insight to developing safer pesticides as well as how they benefit each other. | We can study how harmful toxins are formed in the ‘mustard oil bomb’ and simulate lab practicals.

Liam | ESS | The toucans beak links to ESS because it is a demonstration of different parts of a system (the different parts of the beak) creating a product.  | We might study the role of the toucan in an ecosystem, its rates of productivity and placement in different Environmental value systems

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(hamsita,kaan,Siobhan Le Mao, vitas)

https://www.sciencenewsforstudents.org/article/less-painful-shots-micro-barbs
-human sciences (the mosquito bites have been taken into inspiration to deliver painless vaccines )

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qiKW1qX97qA
Computer science and biology
-The concept of survival of fittest in the evolution (natural selection) is copied on top the process of writing codes /making simulations in computer science , so if NASA makes a billion simulations they finalise 1000 of them and they enlarge it to another million.

https://heimdalsecurity.com/blog/cybersecurity-and-biology-biomimicry-and-innovation-inspired-by-nature/
As ants have a hormone to prevent any attack against similarly cyber security works when they find a hacker they try to neutralise it just as the ants.
Computer science and biology

https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=iMtXqTmfta0-physics
because it connects the train structure and the sound frequency.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bfmFfD2RIcg
Biology - It refers the working of the brain/neurons

https://www.sciencenewsforstudents.org/article/wet-suits-hair?utm_source=&utm_medium=&utm_campaign=
Physics and design tech ,otter furs motivation helps us apply our knowledge to design tech to produce wet suits

https://landinstitute.org/our-work/
ESS- ecosystems - carbon cycle/nutrient cycle as motivation to enhance the agricultural systems

https://www.airbus.com/en/newsroom/news/2018-01-biomimicry-engineering-in-natures-style
By mimicking the shop of the wing, reduce the drag ,shark patches in the water ,Physics

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=620omdSZzBs
physics - they inspire from he insulation ,inspiration from the termites and make the buildings cooler from inside and outside.

https://www.purdue.edu/newsroom/releases/2017/Q1/new-biomimetic-glue-shows-high-strength-bonding-under-water.html
adhesiveness of the shellfish is used to make better glue- water proof glue.

https://www.technologyreview.com/2008/04/22/34675/gecko-tape/
used in medical procedures , reinforce staples in surgery.promotes healing,

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TmyfqjXOf7M
beetle in the dessert which help int he water drought problems.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2ifNBQbEAo8
Biology -how can fruits help with efficient packaging

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3-D printing: A means of producing physical items - including toys, foods and even body parts - using a machine that takes instructions from a computer program. That program tells the machine how and where to lay down successive layers of some raw material (the "ink") to create a three-dimensional object.

4-D: An adjective that refers to being able to define something in terms of four dimensions: height, width, depth and time.

application: A particular use or function of something.

chemical: A substance formed from two or more atoms that unite (bond) in a fixed proportion and structure. For example, water is a chemical made when two hydrogen atoms bond to one oxygen atom. Its chemical formula is H ₂ O. Chemical also can be an adjective to describe properties of materials that are the result of various reactions between different compounds.

develop: To emerge or to make come into being, either naturally or through human intervention, such as by manufacturing.

dimension: Descriptive features of something that can be measured, such as length, width or time.

engineer: A person who uses science to solve problems. As a verb, to engineer means to design a device, material or process that will solve some problem or unmet need. (v.) To perform these tasks, or the name for a person who performs such tasks.

gut: An informal term for the gastrointestinal tract, especially the intestines.

innovation: (v. to innovate; adj. innovative) An adaptation or improvement to an existing idea, process or product that is new, clever, more effective or more practical.

mechanical engineer: Someone trained in a research field that uses physics to study motion and the properties of materials to design, build and/or test devices.

micrometer: (sometimes called a micron) One thousandth of a millimeter, or one millionth of a meter. It's also equivalent to a few one-hundred-thousandths of an inch.

polymer: A substance made from long chains of repeating groups of atoms. Manufactured polymers include nylon, polyvinyl chloride (better known as PVC) and many types of plastics. Natural polymers include rubber, silk and cellulose (found in plants and used to make paper, for example).

proboscis: A straw-like mouthpiece in bees, moths and butterflies used for sucking up liquids. The term can also be applied to an animal's long snout (such as in an elephant).

ultraviolet light (or UV light): A type of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength from 10 nanometers to 380 nanometers. The wavelengths are shorter than that of visible light but longer than X-rays.

vaccine: (v. vaccinate) A biological mixture that resembles a disease-causing agent. It is given to help the body create immunity to a particular disease. The injections used to administer most vaccines are known as vaccinations.

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Micro-barbs could make shots less painful

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A new type of microneedle design might take the sting out of shots and stick to the skin better than other approaches.

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New ‘biomimetic’ glue shows high-strength bonding under water

Liam (Physics & computer science)Most normal glues do not work underwater because water liquifies the glue mussels however, use a chemical reaction which directly binds two surfaces with proteins, and this makes an aquatically viable alternative. Through modelling the reactions of the chemicals and performance this relates back to computer science.

Gecko tape

Chris (DT) Geckos tape provides adhesiveness  using biomimicry. Tape can be used to replace surgical structures and stables. it can also be used to deliver drugs to organs including the heart. this can be related back to design tech through designing medical apparatus.

See how termites inspired a building that can cool itself.

Carla (Bio)
Termites inspiring a self regulated building involves bio by heavy involvement with the surrounding environment, termites ventilation has inspired multiple buildings to be built in this way as an environmentally and sustainable alternative for using air-conditioning.

Georginho (ESS)
Biomimicry: Engineering in nature’s style

Biomimicry brings together a strong relation between Ess and this particular topic, being engaged with the environment. this topic focuses on how humanity still can learn from the environment, as airbus engineers are figuring out more sustainable ways of building and flying aircrafts. Sharks gave been used as heavy inspiration to the design of the aircrafts in that aspect.

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Sports science: https://asknature.org/strategy/protein-triggers-neurotransmitter-release/

Protein triggers neurotransmitter release → When studying sports science, neurotransmitters play a large role when looking at things such as the neuromuscular junctions and muscle contractions.

ESS: https://asknature.org/strategy/glands-remove-excess-salt/
Glands in mangrove plants that remove excess salts from the water around them may be studied in ESS throughout units that discuss plant processes and ecology. Additionally, how the glands in the mangrove plants may impact crop positioning due to differing levels of salinity within the water in the vicinity or in the soil.

Biology: ttps://asknature.org/strategy/pigment-molecules-absorb-and-transfer-solar-energy/
Pigment Molecules Absorband Transfer Solar Energy:This example links to biology since it is (photosynthesis) a large part of it since it is a process that all plants go through, so this is studied often in biology.

Computer Science: https://asknature.org/innovation/low-noise-fan-inspired-by-owl-wings/
Low noise fan inspired by owl wings:

In computer science, effective computer component cooling is essential for ensuring peak performance and preventing overheating. Engineers can create quieter fans as a result of the special characteristics of owl wings that enable them to fly silently. This idea can be used in computer science to create fans that efficiently cool computer hardware while running quietly. The operation of low-noise fans can be optimised using machine learning techniques. Computer scientists can create machine learning algorithms that adjust the fan's speed and airflow to maintain optimal cooling performance while minimising noise generation by integrating sensors that measure temperature, fan speed, and other parameters.

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Glue show high strength

Biomimetic glue is modelled after mussels which use their natural adhesive to stick to a sheet of aluminium. This is linked to chemistry is it uses mimics chemical structure for higher strength bonding.

Termite inspired buildings

Self cooling building based on structure of termite by having holes to let the air flow through, reducing the cost of cooling needed.

Aerospace engineering

Biomimicry is also used in aerospace engineering. Airbus has developed new technology where shark-like small riblets are added to the wings and other surfaces to reduce drag and increase efficiency, which links to physics.

wetsuits with hair

Biology

In this article, the idea is to create a wetsuit that is going to be more efficient and better for people to use. The tactic that will be used is to create hairs in that are going to trap air molecules in the hairs, which is going to create the wetsuit more efficient.

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Group Member Name | Science studied | Link to example | How you might study it in your Science
Jip | Computer Science | https://asknature.org/collection/navigating-deeper-into-nature/ | You could study the method of navigation in computer science. This could then be used in computer systems for future navigation methods.
Anika | Physics | https://asknature.org/innovation/wind-turbine-tech-inspired-by-owl-feathers-and-maple-seeds/ | It is about aerodynamics and wind. Which might be studied in physics during the mechanics unit and/or the waves unit.
Fuad | Biology | https://asknature.org/strategy/group-organization-protects-from-the-cold/ | We may study how Emperor penguins stay in groups to conserve heat as a part of our ecology unit - where we learn only 10% of energy is passed onto each trophic level. This type of collective behaviour can therefore be used to make energy chains more efficient.
Inês  | ESS | https://asknature.org/strategy/anglerfish-harness-both-light-and-darkness/#the-strategy  | Could potentially study the limiting factor of light in an aquatic ecosystem and how species use light to interact with one another.

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Termites have influenced architecture by inspiring sustainable architecture and biomimicry. Their natural ventilation systems have led to energy-efficient structures. By studying termite behavior, researchers have developed innovative construction techniques using simple materials. Termites' decentralized principles have contributed to advancements in swarm robotics and intelligent infrastructure. This connection between termites and architecture demonstrates the integration of biology, engineering, and environmental sciences in shaping our built environment.

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The design of the neural network comes from the inner workings and the design of the brain, but the process is more akin to that of computer sciences due to the different inputs and output systems that goes into developing and piloting a neural network.

Biometric Glue: It was a biology and physics research paper that had helped bring the idea for this product to life, through the usage of careful examination of the effect of mussels and how they stick to surfaces within the water, they then took this formation and designed a product by utilizing this knowledge

The aerodynamics of a kingfisher modeled the form of the bullet train, which prevented the buildup of pressure and the “sonic boom” that came

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New ‘biomimetic’ glue shows high-strength bonding under water
inspired by mussels barnacles and oysters. New synthetic polymer was designed after the proteins found within the marine species

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Gecko tape has been inspired by the sticky feet of geckos. It's a biodegradable tape that has found many uses in the medical field, especially in surgeries and delivering drugs to organs. The tape can be used for closing up wounds and can easily and efficiently replace sutures and staples in surgery, minimizing the patients’ time under sedation. It also helps in reducing risks of leakage after surgery, especially in gastric bypass surgeries. The material can also be made into medical tape which can be used to deliver drugs to various organs, especially the heart. It's an elastic material and is able to withstand the mechanicals forces of the heart.

The architect Mike Pearce was faced with a problem, he was assigned to build one of the biggest office spaces in Botswana, except that the company that employed him did not want to pay for air conditioning, so he was faced with the problem of constructing a self cooling building. Sticking with the African context of the project, he decided to acquire inspiration from a natural phenomenon only present on that continent, termite mounds. Termite mounds can house millions of termites, and they can span to 30 feet high, although they give a solid appearance the mounds are filled with little holes that allow air to pass through, cooling the structure so the termites can work without overheating. The materials that Pearce used to make the office space had a high thermal mass, which allowed the building to absorb a lot of heat, without actually changing the temperature. The small windows on the office space resembled the tiny holes in the termite mounds, which allowed only small amounts of air to pass through.

Termite mounds have had a significant impact on the architect Mike Pierce. It inspired him to create the largest retail and office building in zimbabwe. Termite mounds have a large breathable system underground, the soil is filled with tiny holes all around  to keep the air ventilated, the structure “inhales and exhales as the temperatures rise and fall throughout the day”. Thus Pierce used this natural system. He used materials with high thermal mass, resembling the soil, which serves to keep the indoor temperature pretty much the same without changing drastically. The exterior has a prickly exterior and small windows as smaller windows reduce heat absorption. Additionally the extended overhang creates extra shadow throughout the day.

Engineering in nature's lifestyle has been inspired by a shark and bird wings. The wings being straight create balance when flying, making the plane stabilizer to hold itself straight while the force of the motor is pushing the aircraft to move to its destination. The long plane wings also create speed as also sharks are known for their speed due to their type of skin which creates a momentum. In this case joints or momentum power is not an main focus is the cut that these wings cut through air to create higher speed.