# data[].attributes.body
from F1 self cross:

linked -> 9: 3: 3: 1

un-linked -> not 9: 3: 3: 1

from test cross:

link -> 1: 1: 1: 1

un-linked -> not 1: 1: 1: 1

# data[].attributes.body
1. whether the mode of inheritance is sex-link or autosomal by crossing wild type mother x mutated father

2. cross wild type with double mutant x double mutant, then self cross the F1

3. if the ratio is not 9: 3: 3: 1, conduct a test cross: F1 from (2) x double mutant

4. if the ratio is not 1: 1: 1: 1, calculate recombinant frequency

5. choose another mutant on the same chromosome to justify the RF.

# data[].attributes.body
linkage analysis allows locating the novel function through genetic linkage map to determine the genetic mapping

# data[].attributes.body
genes on the same pathway -> 9: 7
2 genes on separate pathways -> 9 : 3 : 3 : 1

# data[].attributes.body
2 or more genes interact to create new phenotype

allele at once locus masks the effects of alleles at one or more other loci

allele at one locus modifies the effects of alleles at one or more loci

# data[].attributes.body
variation of quantitative traits = environment + many genes

each gene presented by active allele -> contributes an increment. OR inactive allele -> contributes to no increment

trait controlled by independent assorting gene loci

# data[].attributes.headline
is a continuous variation (quantitative): characteristics that shows a range of differences 

# data[].attributes.subject
is a continuous variation (quantitative): characteristics that shows a range of differences 

# data[].attributes.headline
example: PKU, sickle cell anemia, Marfan syndrome, Porphyria 

# data[].attributes.subject
example: PKU, sickle cell anemia, Marfan syndrome, Porphyria 

# data[].attributes.body
for example:

C is more dominant over c^ch

c^ch more dominant over c^h

c^h more dominant over c

thus, it is written as: C > c^ch > c^h > c

# data[].attributes.headline
lethal in homozygous state ( dom / rec )

# data[].attributes.subject
lethal in homozygous state ( dom / rec )

# data[].attributes.headline
neither allele is dominant over each other

# data[].attributes.subject
neither allele is dominant over each other

# data[].attributes.body
a set of genes at different loci on the same chromosome except for crossing over tend to be inherited together.

# data[].attributes.body
multiple genes at different loci on the same / different chromosome controlling a trait

# data[].attributes.body
more than 1 gene responsible for the phenotype of the trait

# data[].attributes.body
a gene affecting many traits

# data[].attributes.body
aka: order of dominance

a gene can exit in more than 2 allelic forms that v ary in dominance over each other

# data[].attributes.body
alleles that produce a phenotypic effect that causes death at any stage of life

# data[].attributes.body
alleles of a gene pair in a heterozygote are both fully expressed

# data[].attributes.body
alleles of gene pair in a heterozygote both expressed partially