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This resource explains the referral process for counselors to any outside community resources. It goes into detail about recognizing a need for a referral, gathering information, meetings, follow-ups, and monitoring. It is a great resource with quick, easy information.

(Gardner, 2015)

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The Referral Process from Start to Finish

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Local Emergency & Non-Emergency Support Services

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Local Emergency & Non-Emergency Support Services

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National Suicide Prevention Lifeline: Call 988, chat online at https://988lifeline.org/

Crisis Text Line: Text TX to 741741

Mental Health & Development Disabilities Center (Hill Country): Crisis Line: 877-466-0660 or visit their website at https://www.hillcountry.org/

Crisis Center of Comal County: Crisis Line: Call 830-620-4357 or Text 830-310-2199. Chat online at https://crisiscenternb.org/incrisis

National Mental Health Hotline: Call 866-903-3787

Travis County Crisis Intervention Team: Call 512-854-3430

Hill Country MHDD: Call 877-466-0660

Austin Police Department Crisis Intervention Team: Call 512-854-3450

Crisis Center of Comal County: Call 830-620-4357

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American Counseling Association. (2014). 2014 code of ethics. https://www.counseling.org/docs/default-source/ethics/2014-code-of-ethics.pdf?sfvrsn=2d58522c_4

American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental
disorders (5th ed.). https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425787

American Psychiatric Association. (2019). Treating women who have experienced intimate partner violence. Division of Diversity and Health Equity.
https://www.psychiatry.org/File%20Library/Psychiatrists/Cultural-Competency/IPV-Guide/APA-Guide-to-IPV-Among-Women.pdf

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020, March 9). Preventing teen dating violence. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://www.cdc.gov/injury/features/dating-violence/index.html

Counselling Tutor. (2011). An introduction to counseling skills [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UgxeU-54ai8&t=1s

Counselling Tutor. (n.d.). Referrals in counselling.
https://counsellingtutor.com/referrals-in-counselling/

Echo. (2018, October 23). How to support someone who has experienced trauma [Infographic]. https://www.echotraining.org/support-trauma-survivor-infographic/

Gardner, M. (2015, April 23). The referral process from start to finish. Case Management Basics. https://www.casemanagementbasics.com/2015/08/the-referral-process-from-start-to.html#:~:text=The%20Referral%20Process%20from%20Start%20to%20Finish%201,Up%20...%207%20Transition%20to%20Monitoring%20Phase%20

Kanel, K. (2008). Crisis counseling: The ABC Model and live
demonstration with two PTSD clients [Video; DVD]. Alexandra, VA: Microtraining Associates. https://search-alexanderstreet-com.easydb.angelo.edu/view/work/bibliographic_entity%7Cvideo_work%7C1778965

Marks, T. (2020, February 12). What is psychotic depression? [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=24Gn84mqX1M&t=1s

Mental Health America. (n.d.). Infographic: Mental health for men [Infographic]. https://www.mhanational.org/infographic-mental-health-men

National Child Traumatic Stress Network & National Center for PTSD. (n.d.). PFA current survivor needs form. https://learn.nctsn.org/mod/resource/view.php?id=12791

National Child Traumatic Stress Network & National Center for PTSD. (2009). Psychological first aid: Field operations guide (2nd ed.).

Niolon, P. H., Kearns, M., Dills, J., Rambo, K., Irving, S., Armstead, T. L., & Gilbert, L. (2017). Preventing intimate partner violence across the lifespan: A technical package of programs, policies, and practices. Atlanta, GA: National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/pdf/ipv-technicalpackages.pdf

Oklahoma Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services. (n.d.). Trauma categories: there are different types of trauma. https://oklahoma.gov/content/dam/ok/en/odmhsas/documents/a0001/hh-oksoc-trauma-categories-types-of-trauma.pdf

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2017). Tips for survivors: Coping with grief after a disaster or traumatic event. https://store.samhsa.gov/sites/default/files/d7/priv/sma17-5035.pdf

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(Mental Health America, n.d.)

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(Echo, 2018)

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This YouTube video is a fabulous resource that goes into detail about the different ways to build rapport within the counseling relationship. It overviews the exact details of each way to do so and gives examples applied to real-world scenarios. It provides a guide for how to effectively use these counseling skills in your replies to clients. It is a great overview of skills.

(Counselling Tutor, 2011)

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This resource is a great overview of referring a client you are counseling. It provides reasons and examples of when you would give a client a referral, steps to take when making a referral, and how a referral can affect your counselor-client relationship.

(Counselling Tutor, n.d.)

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Bear in mind that being referred may lead to the client experiencing difficult emotions: be ready to explain your decision and reasons clearly and calmly, pointing out what you feel the client will gain from the referral. You can also help the client work through their reaction.

Before raising the topic with the client, consider whether this may key into any other issues they have - for example, attachment difficulties, or struggles with loss or rejection - and be ready to link these themes to how they experience being referred.

If there is a waiting list for the service to which you are referring the client, you may wish to offer the client some ' holding sessions ' during this time, so that they are not left unsupported during this gap.

Even though you are not able to help them fully with their issue (hence the need to refer), your ability and willingness to accompany them as they wait, offering them the core conditions to support them during this time, could be invaluable to them.

It is also important to allow yourself time to reflect on and process your experience of referring the client, ensuring that your professional decision to do so does not lead to feelings of incompetence (sometimes known as 'imposter syndrome').

You may also feel emotions in yourself relating to loss, or to how the client reacted when you raised the topic of referral. This is a good opportunity for reflection and personal development, so enhancing your own self-awareness and growth.

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Referrals in Counselling * Counselling Tutor

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Referrals in Counselling Definition Feltham and Dryden (1993: 157) define 'referral' as 'directing someone to a counsellor or alternative source of treatment'. Clients may be referred inwards to a counsellor (by, for example, a GP or another counsellor) or be referred onwards by a counsellor (to another professional helper better suited to helping the client).

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Reflection: Importance of Culture Competence while Delivering Responsive Services

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Reflection: Importance of Culture Competence while Delivering Responsive Services

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It is incredibly important to have a strong sense of knowledge and respect regarding different cultures when delivering responsive services. When an individual is already experiencing a crisis, the last thing a counselor wants to do is raise their anxiety and emotions. It is important to understand how different cultures react to crises and live to better understand how to be of guidance to them. It is also important to have cultural competence when building rapport and having a conversation with your client, this allows you to understand them better and respond better. It increases the service and the quality of service to better meet the needs of all individuals.

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The ACA Code of Ethics provides all rules and regulations I must follow as a Licensed Professional Counselor. Covering the counselor-client relationship in numerous areas including welfare, informed consent, maintaining a professional relationship, confidentiality, and distance counseling requirements. It also covers my obligations as a counselor, such as, continued learning, providing the best for my clients, giving assessments, and conducting research.

(American Counseling Association, 2014)

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Kristi Kanel Demonstrating the ABC Model

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Kristi Kanel Demonstrating the ABC Model

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In this video, Kristi Kanel explains and teaches all about the ABC model and she provides 2 demonstrations of counseling sessions utilizing the ABC Model of Crisis Intervention. The transcript of this video was VERY helpful because it outlined the technique and then provided the dialogue for the technique. I found this resource incredibly useful during my ABC Model of Crisis Intervention and it will be useful throughout my career as a Licensed Professional Counselor.

(Kanel, 2008)

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Angelo State University - Library Online Resources

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Unauthorized use is prohibited; Usage may be subject to security testing and monitoring; Misuse is subject to criminal prosecution; No expectation of privacy except as otherwise provided by applicable privacy laws.

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Psychological First Aid Survivor Needs Form

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Psychological First Aid Survivor Needs Form

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This is a form for Providers to analyze a client/survivor's current needs provided by the National Child Traumatic Stress Network. This is a great resource to take into my career as a Licensed Professional Counselor, and as a crisis respondent. It has four sections 1) symptoms and difficulties the survivors are currently facing, 2) effects on their life, 3) any other information, 4) any referrals if needed, and 5) if they accepted the referral.

(National Child Traumatic Stress Network & National Center for PTSD, n.d.)

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Psychological First Aid Complete Field Operations Guide

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Psychological First Aid Complete Field Operations Guide

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This PFA guide is an incredible resource. It really encompasses everything I learned throughout the PFA Online Certification Course and it provides it in an all-inclusive, easy-to-access guide.

(National Child Traumatic Stress Network & National Center for PTSD, 2009)

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This resource is a wonderful guide for Preventing IPV/Dating Violence across the lifespan. It shares extremely helpful information for preventing dating violence, and specific preventative measures for IPV. For every measure, it provides information regarding effectiveness and evidence, different ways to approach it, and possible outcomes from effective delivery. This resource is incredibly detailed.

(Niolon et al, 2017)

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Reflection: ABC Model of Crisis Intervention Case Study

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Reflection: ABC Model of Crisis Intervention Case Study

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The ABC Model of Crisis Intervention might have been the most challenging assignment for me in this course. I probably overthought it a lot but I spent a lot of time completing this assignment. I went through and copy and pasted 3 case studies until I found one I thought I could really do. I selected Melynda because I felt like could tend to Melynda the most and I relate the most to Melynda. I struggled when trying to research and decide how to approach Melynda's relationship with her father, as Melynda is here, not her dad. Something I have noticed through my last two semesters is you cannot just google or search the library database for how to counsel a client. This assignment was just challenging overall. I enjoyed it and learned A LOT but I did struggle to apply what I learned to Melynda's case. I really enjoyed researching and learning about the ABC Model of Crisis Intervention. Specifically, I really enjoyed Kristi Kanel's videos and demonstrations of the model in counseling.

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Treating Dating Violence/IPV Women Survivors

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Treating Dating Violence/IPV Women Survivors

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This guide/article is a nice resource for treating women victims of Intimate Partner Violence/Dating Violence. As a Licensed Professional Counselor, I want to be and will be in a mental health setting, this article provides direct information for screening women IPV survivors in mental health settings. It provides assessment information regarding suicide and danger and provides additional resources for both. It also provides an overview list and details of treatment options and when they are shown to be most effective. It provides information and application examples of strength-based language responses. I find this guide to be incredibly informal and very easy to access. It provides valuable information in an easy-to-read format.

(American Psychiatric Association, 2019)

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This resource is a quick guide for Preventing Dating Violence. It provides a definition with examples of actions, statistics, factual data on dating violence, and resources for prevention!

(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2020)

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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

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Promote healthy relationship skills early before dating violence starts.

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Reflection: Dating Violence Prevention Plan and Threat Assessment

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Reflection: Dating Violence Prevention Plan and Threat Assessment

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This group project was the smoothest and 'easiest' when talking about group collaboration and work, even though there were only two of us! Keimche and I worked so well together and it was really just great to work with someone who I saw eye to eye with. We both were committed to producing high-quality work. I really enjoyed researching for this presentation, although not easy at times it provided me with so much information and resources I otherwise would have not known. I learned so much valuable information about preventing dating violence, risk factors, mental health disorders that can occur, my scope of responsibility when presented with IPV (intimate partner violence), how to respond to victims of IPV, and SO much more!! The downfall is that because we split up most of the questions (we did collaborate together on two of them), even though I reviewed everything, I still feel the least knowledgeable about the information Keimche researched. However, that is really because I extensively researched and read about what I was assigned to do!

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Dating Violence Crisis Prevention Plan and Threat Assessment

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Reflection: Psychological First Aid Online Certificate

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Reflection: Psychological First Aid Online Certificate

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I really enjoyed completing the Psychological First Aid Online Certificate. It was extremely informative, allowed me to accurately and continuously apply what I was learning, and the immediate feedback after each question was nice. I learned so much throughout this online certification that I will apply to crisis intervention and my counseling career! I enjoyed going through each technique, section, and objective included in the Psychological First Aid online certification! The Case Study Example at the end allowed me to apply what I had learned throughout the course and try more independently to accurately counsel clients. The PFA Online Certification was by no means easy and really allowed me to engage and learn. Overall, I enjoyed this assignment but I still want and need to learn more. My only recommendation for the certification is I wish it had numerous case study examples as resources to apply the skills to as many different examples of clients as possible.

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Psychological First Aid (PFA) Online_Certificate

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Reflection: Developmental Discussion on Trauma

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Reflection: Developmental Discussion on Trauma

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This has been my favorite assignment out of all of graduate school, thus far! I enjoyed researching and learning about trauma and then immediately being able to not only apply what I learned to a documentary but to learn even more. I guess you could say I enjoy sad documentaries, so this assignment was right up my alley! It was very interesting and amazing to discuss trauma and these shows/films with my peers in class. Hearing how they view trauma, what they learned and how they interpreted it, and personal stories of trauma is eye-opening, informative, and very emotional. It makes me feel closer to my class, which seems odd to say in an online graduate class.
The format of this discussion most definitely helped me learn the most about trauma and in a very effective way for myself. I find secondary trauma incredibly interesting and feel like it is something people need to be informed about. Trauma dumping to someone who is vulnerable could cause them to experience secondary trauma. I find it interesting that the word acute seems so minuscule and complex seems like a worse trauma, however, a school shooting is an example of acute trauma. Not minuscule AT ALL, just one event that led to trauma (acute), versus multiple events(complex). Trauma is complex in its categories, its symptoms, and its healing.

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This resource dives into what grief is, how it is expressed (symptoms), and the different types of grief. It is a brief handout but goes into much detail about how grief can affect you, coping with it, and helpful resources for dealing with grief following trauma or a crisis. It also fully explains complicated or traumatic grief and its signs and symptoms.

(Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 2017)

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This article provides brief descriptions of all the different types of trauma. It is a great reference for an easy-access guide but in no way could be the end of any research.

(Oklahoma Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, n.d.)

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HH OKSOC Trauma Categories Types of Trauma

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This video resource just dives deeper into Psychotic Depression and how diagnosis compares to other depressive disorders. Dr. Tracey Marks (2020) further explains how Psychotic Depression affects your day-to-day life and she also analyzes treatment options.

(Marks, 2020)

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Hi, My name is Jane Weirich!

I am currently enrolled in the Mental Health and Wellness Counseling masters program at Angelo State University. After graduation this fall, I will enroll in the LPC Bridge Program at Angelo State University. One day in the future, I will own my own practice as a Licensed Professional Counselor but in the meantime, I just hope to get a job and start saving money. In this Introduction to Crisis, Trauma, and Mental Health Concerns, I hope to really broaden my understanding and recognition of mental health disorders and trauma, and to master reacting in crisis situations. The coolest things about me are I lived in Stavanger, Norway, and Aberdeen, Scotland when I was young, I did competitive cheerleading for nine years, and I am pretty good at tasting recipes and recreating them without a recipe!

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DSM-5: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

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DSM-5: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

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The DSM-5 is the manual used to diagnose every mental disorder. The DSM-5 is broken into sections covering all mental disorders and the requirements for each. It also compares disorders to each other throughout the entire book.

(American Psychiatric Association, 2013)

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Reflection: Reference Guide for Mental Health Disorders

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Reflection: Reference Guide for Mental Health Disorders

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I really enjoyed this assignment. It allowed me to go through each disorder and sub-groups of the disorder, and really learn everything about them. I was forced to utilize numerous scholarly resources and to really research and read deep into each disorder. I have learned about many of the main categories of the disorders but not to this capacity at all. A lot of the sub-groups within the disorders I knew the names of and what they entailed but I have never conducted any research on them, until now. I really like that now I have this resource to look back on for years to come, I will always utilize it.
Most of the disorder's definitions are based on the criteria requirements within the DSM-5. I will exceptionally benefit from this in the future, utilizing it to recognize undiagnosed disorders in my clients and refer them to the specialists they need. Or having a deep understanding of each disorder so that when my clients do have a disorder I can give them my utmost care. Mental health disorders are directly related to my future role as a Licensed Professional Counselor and it is very important for me to know the in's and out's of them all.

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Reflection: Introductions and Assessing Prior Knowledge

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Reflection: Introductions and Assessing Prior Knowledge

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I enjoyed completing this Introduction and Prior Knowledge assignment. Starting out this course, and even through some coursework, I felt incredibly prepared for this course because I have a Bachelor's degree in Psychology. This provided me with extensive knowledge of mental health disorders, but I am unsure what all "crisis" and "trauma" entail. I am curious to learn about both of these terms and all elements of these terms. I am excited to dive deeper into mental health disorders and learn about them on a graduate level, as well as freshen up what I already know. On a daily, I will deal with clients who experience traumatic events and are suffering from trauma. I must know how to recognize and react appropriately in moments of crisis and trauma. It was very interesting to learn about the mental health rates in certain states and the possible why the numbers are so high. It is very important to me to reverse the stigma surrounding mental health disorders and counseling, and I feel like this course will provide me with factual evidence that can do so.