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Group participants:
Alina Musaeva
Kate Sorokina

Measures to enhance safety of driving:

1. REWARDING SAFE DRIVERS

This measure means that conscientious motorists with three years of clean driving experience are allowed to avoid fines for low-level offending

2. POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT

The main idea of this method is to track changes in the behavior of fleetdrivers on the road and introduce a reward system for those who have made efforts and improved their conduct

3. INCREASING THE LEVEL OF RESPONSIBILITY

The paragraph says that the most common cause of accidents is human error. By reducing them, driving becomes safer (obey the speed limit, wear your seat belt, do not get behind the wheel drunk, monitor your physical and moral condition, do not engage in side activities behind the wheel and check the environment)

Additional measures:

1. FIRST AID

This measure means that a mandatory practical test for drivers should be introduced so that each person can give himself and another passenger first aid in the event of an accident.

2. DRIVER STATUS MONITORING SENSOR

This device will monitor the physical indicators of the motorist (pressure, pulse, blood alcohol level) and on the basis of this regulate the movement of the car. For example, with increased/decreased pressure or rapid / slow pulse, the car will slow down and notify you of the need to stop. As for the breathalyzer test, if there is alcohol in the body, the car does not start.
Pulse and pressure sensors will be located on the steering wheel.

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Group participants:
Sofya Maslinova
Darya Balandina

Measures to enhance safety of driving

1. Rewards for safe drivers
Drivers with a 3-year clean driving record would be able to avoid fines for low-level offending, including low-range speeding, disobeying some signs and driving in a bus line, if re-elected
2. Positive reinforcement
The measure includes motorists to get a reward who have made a great effort to change their behaviour. Also, the article suggests that both formal and informal schemes work well.
3. Reduction of accidents on the road due to the human factor.
The article provides some vital aspects which help to reduce or avoid crashes. Besides, it is also mentioned that motorists should take responsibility for their safety. And it is the most important measure.

Additional measures

1. Lane Departure Warning/Lane Keep
Lane departure sounds a warning or buzzes your seat or steering wheel to inform that you are crossing the white lines or unintentionally leaving your lane. Lane Keep meanwhile, will gently steer you back into your lane if you drift out of it. When lines are faint or the system has trouble detecting lines, the system can be switched off.
2.Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS)
These features help with driving and parking. Human error often contributes to traffic accidents. Tech, such as blind-spot alerts, forward-collision warnings and adaptive cruise control can help prevent crashes.

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Group participants:
Irina Boytsova
Nazarova Ksenia

Measures to enhance safety of driving

1) Rewarding safe drivers
This measure means that penalties for minor offences (for ex speeding violation, ignoring some signs or driving in a bus lane) will be eased for drivers with a 3-year clean driving record

2)Positive Reinforcement
The given text tells us about rewarding those motorists who have made a great effort to obey traffic rules. It happens because a reward scheme helps encourage everyone to continue improving

3)Self-monitoring of drivers on the road

The main idea of the text is preventing traffic accidents by following standard road rules (for ex wearing your seatbelt, avoiding distractions, obeying the speed limit)

One more measure:
Making driver testing and licensing more complicated
This measure means that errors during the exam have to be treated more strictly. The instructor should closely monitor even minor offences(disobeying some signs, speeding violation, not wearing a seat belt). It will help to increase the supervision of drivers not to make mistakes in the future that are likely to lead to traffic accidents

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Group participants:
Matvey Kukunin
Irina Kornilova

Measures to enhance safety of driving:
1)      Tricky Party Elections.

The New South Wales government has promised that drivers with three years of clean driving experience can avoid minor fines if their party wins the election.

2)      Positive reinforcement.

This measure implies a system of rewarding drivers for the efforts made to change their behavior for the better. The combination of formal and informal schemes encourages drivers to improve their skills.

3)     Reducing the risk of accidents on the road.

The paragraph describes the actions that every motorist should follow (don't exceed the speed limit, be sober while driving, don't use the phone while driving, etc.) in order to save your own life and the lives of the people around you.

4)     Additional measures:

a) The rule: "Be predictable"
This measure means that if you don’t have time to make any maneuver, then you shouldn’t make it. Surprises on the road are dangerous, it is important to leave enough time and space for other road users.

b) The rule: "Look into the distance"
Many drivers are looking at just 5.8 seconds ahead, although it is necessary for 15-20, and then even further. This gives you time to recognize a potential threat before it becomes a real problem. Also, you can’t hold your gaze on anything for more than a second. Protective driving requires "scanning" the environment to see clearly everything that can affect your movement.

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Group participants:
Gladkov Alexander
Karagodnikov Ivan

Measures to enhance safety of driving:
1) Rewarding safe drivers by enabling them to ignore slight violations of the road law (According to the article,  3 years clean driving provides the ability of avoiding fines for low-level offending)
2) Positive Reinforcement (The main point is that reward and recognition scheme will encourage everyone, who changed their behavior into safe one, despite his score in company system)
3) Controlling mental health and alertness tips (The motorist should follow all rules mentioned in the article and advises in order to avoid fatalities. Nevertheless, the best way to reduce them is to ensure drivers are aware of the risks involved and take responsibility for their safety)

Additional measures:
1) Integrated onboard computer with AI (Speed limiter, lane controller. Carputer with AI, or an onboard computer, is likely to be a breakthrough which will give drivers a unique opportunity to have an assistant during the steering. For example, if the collision is imminent the carputer will give some advice on how to mitigate the accident and minimize damage to the driver and his transport. In addition, it will be effective in predicting traffic accidents, because AI is powered with a number of road data)
2) Compulsory recertification every 5 years. (Some drivers may forget some rules and lose driving skills thanks to their age and health disabilities. Therefore, giving that circumstances, we need to double check drivers alertness and the extent of traffic education)

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Group participants:

Grinina

Kryachko

Measures to Enhance Safety of Driving

1. Rewarding safe drivers.
This measure means drivers with 3-year clean driving experience can avoid fines for some minor violations of traffic rules.
2. Positive Reinforcement.
The measure includes rewarding motorists who have made great efforts to change their behavior. The article also talked about both big formal and small informal schemes.
3. Strong tips.
The article contains some personal rules for drivers which help to avoid car accidents but it's also mentioned that the most important measure is the responsibility of the motorists themselves

Additional measures

1. The “2-10” rule.

Many people have to stay behind the wheel for a long time, which leads to reduced concentration and loss of alertness. That's why it's important to follow the "2-10" rule, which means a 10-minute time-out every 2 hours of driving.
Moreover, you should not get behind the wheel when you are overcome by drowsiness, because while driving you can just fall asleep. This usually causes bad consequences.

2. The 4-second rule.

Few people know that the distance between vehicles is measured in seconds, not in meters. To use this rule, watch the vehicle ahead and when it is the same level with the tree, bush or lamp pole, start to count seconds.
If at the time of driving near the object you will have time to count to 4, your driving is correct, and if not - you'll have to slow down a little.
Therefore, you should avoid being in the "dead zones" of other road users.

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MEASURES TO MAKE DRIVERS 'SAFER DRIVERS'

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MEASURES TO MAKE DRIVERS 'SAFER DRIVERS'

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1. Study 3 news pieces related to ways of enhancing the safety of driving
2. Categorize/ summarize each measure addressed/ OR you may unite some of them:
Measures to Enhance Safety of Driving
-  .........  (explain)
- ........... (explain)
- ............. (explain)
3. Search the nest and find at least one more measure that could be effective
- ............ (explain)