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In 1808-1812 passed the constitution in Cadiz in 1812, and we can't forget about  Pepe botella he was the brother of the famous Napoleon Bonaparte and he is called because He was very poorly received by the Spanish, who soon began to be called contemptuously "Pepe Botella". The reason was because of his supposed fondness for drinking, although it is something that is not at all clear. And as well we have the goya paintings with the comeback of ''el deseado''

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Fernando was a king with interesting things like ,when he  returned to Spain in 1814 after spending five years in captivity in France. His first actions were to undo the liberal government reforms that had been implemented during his absence. For example, he annulled the Constitution of Cádiz, dissolved the Cortes and suppressed the free press.
And Riego at the command of the insurgent army was it was touring all Andalusia in the name of the constitution of 1812 threatening the royal power.
And Fernando VII has no other option than to decide to go first along the constitutional path
After this, the Liberals ruled for 3 years in the Liberal triennium, returning to the constitutional monarchy and the Constitution of 1812 and in 1823 our protagonist Fernando VII asked for help from the Holy Alliance. It was an army that was formed by the powers that Napoleon had previously defeated and in Nothing happened from 1823 to 1833, which is why it was called the ominous decade and Fernando died in 1833. When Fernando dies his only daughter Maria Isabel reigns for her father in the pragmatic sanction at the age of only 3 years but everything starts again and the brother who expected to be king in the case of Carlos María Isidro did not accept the law and proclaimed himself king with the support of the absolutists

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Nothing else appears in Spain and a conflict nothing more and nothing less than the Carlist wars.

The wars that will confront the supporters of Isabel's monarchy, which will be supported by the liberals, and the supporters of King Carlos, who will be totally absolutist, despite the fact that there were many wars in the country, it was in the north where these wars found more prominence and We also finally discovered that Maria Isabel does not really govern, mother Maria Cristina governs, we also discovered that the liberals were divided as moderates and progressives.

and in 1840 the regent queen abdicated and the progressive general espartero was going to assume the regency but due to his authoritarianism, a moderate uprising forces Espartero to resign in the face of a power vacuum, Isabel II was proclaimed of legal age at the age of 13 and is reappointed queen

But led by Juan Prim and Francisco Serrano, progressives and democrats united to overthrow Reina Isabel II. Isabel II leaves of the throne and leaves of Spain

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	4: THE LOSS OF THE AMERICAN SPANISH EMPIRE ( 1810-1825)

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	4: THE LOSS OF THE AMERICAN SPANISH EMPIRE ( 1810-1825)

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The Treaty of Paris, dated December 10, 1898, forced Spain to grant Cuba independence and cede Puerto Rico, the Philippines, and Guam to the United States, which became a colonial power. The defeat of Spain against the USA and we are going to talk of  protagonists like: Bolivar who known as the "Liberator of America", was a Venezuelan military and politician who for 20 years fought against the Spanish crown to achieve the independence of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela.
His dream was to form a great confederation that would unite all the former Spanish colonies in America. and a curiosity , When the new State was founded, which Bolívar did not recognize, the deliberative assembly to recognize it called the nascent State the Bolívar Republic and later the Bolivian Republic or Bolivia, in honor of the Liberator.

And the next was Antonio José Francisco de Sucre y Alcalá is also known as the Grand Marshal of Ayacucho. He was a politician and marshal of Venezuelan origin. He is considered one of the most complete soldiers among the heroes of South American independence.

And the last Rondeau José Casimiro Rondeau was a military man and politician from the River Plate with outstanding performance in the war of independence between Argentina and Uruguay. He defeated the royalists at the Battle of Cerrito in 1812, but was defeated by the Spanish General Joaquín de la Pezuela at the Battle of Sipe Sipe in 1815. He was Supreme Director of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata in 1815 and again in 1819. -1820.

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5: AMADEO DE SABOYA YEARS AND THE FIRST SPANISH REPUBLIC

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5: AMADEO DE SABOYA YEARS AND THE FIRST SPANISH REPUBLIC

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The new government held elections but finally the courts approved universal male suffrage and also approved the constitution of 1869 but Juan Prim and Francisco Serrano had a serious problem the form of state is a monarchy and the country did not have a king so Juan Prim looked for a King and in the absence of a royal figure, the courts elected the Italian Amadeo de Saboya as the new King of Spain, a man who met the requirements of Juan Prim

But just before King Amadeo proclaims himself king, the assassination of Juan Prim occurs and that causes him to lose his main supporter as King of Spain.

Popular pressure, as well as a new Carlist uprising, made Amadeo abdicate in 1873.

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	6:  THE ALSONSO XII AND ALFONSO XIII REGIME

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	6:  THE ALSONSO XII AND ALFONSO XIII REGIME

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After the vacuum of not having a king, the Cortes proclaimed the Republic as a form of Government in February 1873

And republicanism was a progressive liberal movement that opposed the monarchy as a form of government and had leaders such as: Emilio Castelar and Francisco Pi i Margall.

But unfortunately, the republic had serious problems such as the political opposition and the Carlist and cantonal uprisings and that is why the republic lasted only one year,

But in 1874 General Martínezz Campos carried out a coup d'état and restored the monarchy to the major figure of Isabel II.