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This activity functions as a sort of survey between classmates where student performance can be rated based on how well they executed a reading. If the class is not confident enough to receive this type of constructive criticism from their own peers (every group's personality differs) they can simply use the rubric to rate themselves after performing a reading of their choosing (can be a speech, poem, excerpt, song, etc).

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This activity shows an exemplary method of using flash cards to practice decoding with early readers. Doing small group instruction as demonstrated here can have a strong effect on how well younger students adapt to memorizing graphemes. This activity shows the students the letter combinations and has the teacher model the sound effectively while the students repeat after in unison. This form of instruction is effective at developing phonics in early, onset readers.

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The practice of blending sounds is integral to the instruction of phonics. Proper sound blending can teach students the flow of sounds within words and how to better anticipate the the progression of sound within the spelling of words. This activity, modeled for onset learners, shows how to mix together the sounds within words and helps to interpret the structure of words better.

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Practice Blending Sounds for Reading- CVC Words

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This worksheet activity is meant to help create an association between an image and the blending sound that correlates to that image. The focus for this activity is to find the consonant blend located at the beginning of the word based on the connection to the image graphic provided.

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Similar to the other activity showcasing blending sounds at the beginning, this worksheet focuses on identifying the consonant sound blends located at the end of a word.

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This worksheet requires students to count syllables in order to determine how sounds are separated within words. This allows early readers to adopt the practice of segmenting sounds within words more properly and gives them a better sense of rhythm when reading words by knowing where sounds are divided within words.

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Digraphs show how two letters create one sound and this activity is designed to invite early learners to join in signing and dancing the sounds out loud. The performer here, Jack Hartmann, is famous with preK through 1st graders so I use this activity to get them excited about memorizing digraph sounds and how to recognize them. The practice here is to basically sing along and openly vocalize the sound of the digraphs with your students, keeping them immersed in the interactive display.

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Digraphs | Phonics Song for Children | Phonemic Awareness | Jack Hartmann

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This activity is a simple timed reading that can help students document their progress and growth within the same reading. By having students read for speed and accuracy, and having them record their own rate of fluency, they can develop better timing through repetition and become more conscious of their speed and precision in reading.

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An activity that is unique in that it allows students to engage in oral language by listening to a story and analyze the main components (characters, setting, plot) but then requires students to come up with an alternate ending for the story. This allows for discussion and sharing of ideas through oral language in an activity than can be communal.

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This activity is a unique and fun way for young learners to learn how to associate the rhythm of syllables and the points of separation within word sounds to an open gesture (in this case clapping). This helps students create a connection between their own movements and the breaks in between each sound of a word.

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For Oral Language acquisition, this reading of the boy who cried wolf functions as a practice in developing the skills and knowledge that go into listening and speaking associated with spoken language. Students are asked questions out loud about the themes of the story and the moral in order to have them express the literary context surrounding a historical tale which also opens to students to Oral Tradition.

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This activity incorporates song into alphabet practice. This would be considered more appropriate for some of the younger groups that I work with as an inclusion teacher. It's important to try and use music to guide younger readers to adopt oral language as it can help certain students feel more engaged with initiating oral speech out loud. It's important to note that for letters of the alphabet containing more than one sound, I try to give 2 separate examples of the different sounds to help acquire proper speech.

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Phonics Song | Alphabet Song | Letter Sounds | Signing for babies | ASL | Patty Shukla

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This activity functions as a lesson that helps younger readers become better listeners by having students pay close attention to the sequence of events within the story. Students are told prior to the teacher reading out loud, that they should focus on the order of occurrences within the plot of the story so that they can order the events as proof of their capacity to listen and interpret scenarios.

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Oral Tradition: How the Months Came to Be

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Oral Tradition: How the Months Came to Be

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This lesson is an indigenous oral tradition passed down from generations and represents a way to make oral traditions more accessible to younger children using props and different tones of voice to represent the different speakers of a story, highlighting the difference in representation characters may have in their expression. This helps a younger audience to interpret spoken language from multiple perspective and introduces the concept of relating different characters within a story and their values to the themes being addressed.

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This activity is unique in that it allows children to practice a very important aspect of Oral Language that is being able to describe details and feelings. Students are asked to give descriptions of the appearance of their parents and to provide as much detail by speaking about the parent in question. A physical representation in the form of a drawing will illustrate the student's description, giving form to their capacity to describe something orally.

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Kids Describe Their Parents to an Illustrator | Kids Describe | HiHo Kids

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This lesson guide on how to express phonemes properly functions as the basis for teaching the sounds within words in a way that emphasizes the sounds that need to be made. It mentions that certain consonant sounds need to be isolated more effectively so that students can distinguish sounds better by not mixing in unnecessary vowel sounds into the mix.

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This activity is to be performed by first addressing to students what it means for words to correlate with each other as rhyming words. This is essential with young learners in associating sound relationships between words by having them understand that words can have similar ending sounds and how those sounds are linked to the particular spelling of those words. This activity is simple and basically asks students to give a gesture (in this case a thumbs up or thumbs down) in order to determine whether or not a pair of words rhymes or not.

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Teaching Rhyming using Thumbs Up or Thumbs Down

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This short-long vowel review can help guide students in better memorizing the distinctions made between the short version and long version of a vowel sound. Students are to sound out the words out loud as instructed by the teacher and then choose which one they believe the vowel sound to be (the short or long type). This exercise helps to establish a better understanding of vowel sounds and how they can differ since all vowels have more than one sound expression.

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This activity for very young learners (preK and K) can help further incorporate young readers understanding of onsets and rimes and how word sounds are segmented in this way.

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English Class: Onset and Rimes (-ap) for Preschool

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This lesson has students read the classic speech by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. It's an example of a reading comprehension assignment that also highlights oral language in the study of formal speeches. Students are to interpret and decipher the symbolism and deeper meanings behind the words that is only possible with a reader who has reached a level of reading competency that permits higher order thinking with regards to comprehension.

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This assignment is targeted for a younger reader. It's a short informational text that requires the student to identify the main idea. Being able to explicitly state the main idea of a text is a sign of development in reading comprehension and providing textual evidence shows that a younger reader is able to digest information and understand main concepts within a text. The assignment also instructs the student to come up with a concluding sentence for the passage. The conclusion to a passage typically restates the main idea so this practice solidifies a student's understanding of that.

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Reading comprehension instruction can guide development of readers by introducing deeper literary concepts such as personification. By utilizing stories where animals take on human qualities, this concept is expressed effectively so that young readers begin to understand more complex terms related to reading comprehension.

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This lesson has students read the classic poem "The Road Not Taken" by Robert Frost and then has them answer a variety of different question types pertaining to comprehension. One of the questions asks students to underline or highlight words and phrases in the poem that set the tone by showing the speaker’s feelings. This type of interpretation in practice involves higher order thinking when considering the poet's emotions. The last part of the assignment asks students to reflect on their own choices in life (a key theme and metaphor within the poetry) which is also a practice that ties into reading comprehension development.

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This informational text requires reading comprehension development with regards to inter-disciplinary studies. In this case the text is related to science and the phenomenon of light pollution. Students can reflect on their own experiences with seeing stars and how light pollution affects the astronomic projection of the night sky.

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This assignment has students compare and contrast 3 different sources all related to a common topic of the student's choosing. Comparing and contrasting writing is a sign of developed reading comprehension and to interpret differences and similarities in sources allows students to become more proficient in understanding textual evidence supporting a text. This can help comprehension related to research papers with the reading involved for such projects.

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This activity is a practice in word definition search. It's a model for how I generally like to teach my students to think about vocabulary which basically has to do with accountability. Context is generally a good way for students to learn to associate meaning in words and so with this activity students are provided with a copy of the lyrics to the song 'Alphabet Aerobics' by the rap group Blackalicious. Students are then shown the video showcasing the performance and are then asked to list as many unfamiliar words as they can followed by a search for the definitions to those terms.

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Blackalicious - Alphabet Aerobics - 4/21/2016 - Paste Studios, New York, NY

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This graphic organizer hand-out is one of my favorite ways to get students to contextualize their learning of vocabulary by writing down key terms taken from informational texts. This allows students to compartmentalize different aspects of understanding the meaning of words by listing clues that have a relationship to that word.

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This vocabulary workbook is designed to reinforce vocabulary using fill in the blank sentences and having students connect the correct term to that sentence. This is another form of utilizing context clues to associate meaning between vocabulary words and their correct usage. The definition is provided here and the student is required to rewrite the vocabulary word (this practice of writing out the word is known to help memorization through repetition based on research).

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This activity is meant to convey the importance of domain-specific language. In other words, vocabulary that has a thematic relationship to a particular subject. In this example plant biology is being used to demonstrate how vocabulary terms can all have an association based on the scientific topic being explored.

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This video, showcasing over 250 different verbs and using images to help younger learners memorize the action associated with the meaning, is an effective activity that helps the development of vocabulary and makes memorization a much more fruitful endeavor for early readers. Images can serve as a powerful tool in the retention of meaning when it comes to instruction, especially for visual learners.

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Learn 250+ Common Verbs in English in 25 Minutes

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This interactive worksheet is meant to be a fun way for young learners to practice connecting words to their meanings and can be given as a collaborative assignment to be completed in groups or pairs as a competition to see who can finish the mountain first. It's important to keep assignments fun for kids and allowing them to compete (in this case to the top of the mountain) can make learning vocabulary much more entertaining and effective.

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This worksheet activity is essential in the adoption of phonics for the English language because the silent E is so very common. This assignment is meant to reinforce the concept that the silent E added to the end of a word can change the sound of a vowel from the short to long version and vice versa. Although the spelling may appear very similar, students are to be shown that just a simple addition can have a big effect on the pronunciation of the word.

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A fun video activity that is meant to give younger readers some perspective about how to read aloud with expression. It makes the point to try and read using more expressive tones as opposed to sounding monotone when reading out loud. This can help build confidence in readers and make them more self-aware about the way they convey text through showmanship.

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Don't Read Like a Robot - Learn To Read With Blazer Fresh | Songs For Kids | Sing Along | GoNoodle

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A simple and minimal video that can act as a daily activity, perhaps part of a morning routine for younger readers to memorize sight words more effectively. Sight words are the words that appear the most in our reading and writing yet often do not have a concrete image that accompanies them. They are high-frequency words that may not be able to be pictured, and as such, they simply must be memorized and understood in order to help young readers develop efficient fluency.

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Dolch Second Grade Sight Word Fluency Exercise Edition

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An activity focusing on developing prosody in reading. In linguistics, prosody is concerned with elements of speech that are not individual phonetic segments but are properties of syllables and larger units of speech, including linguistic functions such as intonation, stress, and rhythm. These have much to do with the flow of how a reader reads and thus the fluency since it can improve speed and accuracy.

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This excerpt taken from Lewis Carol's Through the Looking-Glass functions as fluency check that measure words per minute, giving students an accurate record of how fluent they are. This worksheet activity is meant to be done in pairs so it's a collaborative assignment that could possibly have students help each other improve.