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The statue of Saigo Takamori, a samurai. Shige, Kazu's fellow homeless and friend, was intelligent and could talk extensively about the various structures in the park. At one point in the book, Shige explained the circumstances that led to this statue being erected.

Fellow: people in the same situation. (Collins Dictionary)

Extensively: widely, in details.

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The tomb of the Shogitai troops, who fought against Saigo Takamori's forces in the battle of Ueno. This landmark was also mentioned by Shige.

Landmark: a building or feature which is easily noticed. (Collins Dictionary)

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The Statue of Times Forgotten, a memorial monument for the victims of air raids in Tokyo during wartime. Shige and told Kazu about the history of this statue as well.
Kazu was reminded of his children whenever he saw the statue of the little girl and baby. He expressed, "There must have been a time when they (his two children) looked just like this. I was never home, because I was away working. So I didn't take any pictures of the children."
Kazu's regret that he didn't see his children or spent time with them enough is a significant theme of the book.

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The Suribachiyama Burial Mound. In the book, Kazu and Shige built their dwellings at the base of this mound.

Burial Mound: artificial hill of earth and stones built over the remains of the dead. (Encyclopedia Britannica)

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The Suribachiyama Burial Mound, with a sign prohibiting entry to the park from 11 PM to 5 AM. This might be a part of the measures to crack down on homeless people who stay in the park.

To crack down: to take severe measures (against). (Collins Dictionary)

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The Suribachiyama Burial Mound.

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The exact place in the book where Kazu and Shige lived might be under these stairs. The place is located on the backside of the burial mound where there are less passersby, and there is an area which seemed like it used to be a place for homeless huts. As of now, entry is prohibited, and no homeless people seem to occupy the place.

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The man is not a homeless person, but I saw him interacting with a cat in front of the Suribachiyama Burial Mound, and it reminded me of Shige, who had a cat that he cherished, named Emile.

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Tokyo Bunka Kaikan, a concert hall in Ueno Park where Kazu took shelter from the rain. It was also mentioned in the book that the restaurant inside Tokyo Bunka Kaikan sometimes gave away food for homeless people. Whether they still do that or not is unclear.

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Tokyo Bunka Kaikan.

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The sign of the Ueno Great Buddha.

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The sign of the Ueno Great Buddha and Pagoda, with an explanation of its history. In the book, Kazu quoted Shige, who told him the history of this landmark.

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Inside the Ueno Great Buddha and Pagoda.

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Inside the Ueno Great Buddha and Pagoda.

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Inside the Ueno Great Buddha and Pagoda.

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A homeless man walking, with the Five-Storied Pagoda and a group of tourists in the background. I didn't ask him to confirm if he was homeless because that would be rude, but I assume he is homeless from the way he was dressed, the bags he carried, and his gestures (see next picture).

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He seemed to be looking for change near the vending machine.

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A homeless man sleeping near the Shinobazu Pond in Ueno Park.
Yet another of Kazu's sayings brought to life: “To be homeless is to be ignored when people walk past while still being in full view of everyone.”