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Non-Aggression Pact -  August 23-24, 1929

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Non-Aggression Pact -  August 23-24, 1929

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Germany and the Soviets signed a pact that promised each nation’s neutrality to the other, also including clauses that secretly divided nations in Europe for each respective zone of influence. This non-aggression pact divided countries between the two nations, prevented Germany from fighting on two fronts, and eventually started WWII with their invasion of Poland.

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As Hitler desired for Germany’s expansion and a secured food supply, he invaded Poland with the help of the Soviets due to their Nazi-Soviet Pact that divided Poland to their respective zones of influence. This act started WWII through the involvement of France and Great Britain.

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Soviet Union Invaded (eastern Poland) - September 1, 1939

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Soviet Union Invaded (eastern Poland) - September 1, 1939

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The Soviets invaded Poland from the east while Nazi Germany did from the west, exposing the German-Soviet Pact that divided Poland into respective zones of influence. This helped feed Hitler’s greed for territory and sparked WWII with the introduction of British and French forces.

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Dunkirk Evacuation - May 26-June 4th, 1940

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Dunkirk Evacuation - May 26-June 4th, 1940

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The British Royal Air Force stopped German bombers above the beach in Dunkirk, France, as civilians who helped alongside the Royal Navy helped evacuate more than 338,000 British & French troops in Dunkirk.

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Dunkirk Evacuation - May 26-June 4th, 1940

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Battle of Britain - July 10-October 31,  1940

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Battle of Britain - July 10-October 31,  1940

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This was the first major conflict strictly fought in the air between the Royal Air Force and the German Luftwaffe which ended in the Nazi’s first major loss. After Hitler’s successful invasions, he sought to beat Great Britain's air force which would lead to the capture of mainland Britain, bringing him one step closer to dominating all of Europe.

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Battle of Britain - July 10-October 31,  1940

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Attack on Pearl Harbor - December 7, 1941

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Attack on Pearl Harbor - December 7, 1941

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Japan attacked the US naval base at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii to damage American naval power so they wouldn’t obstruct their plans of Asian expansion. This started the Pacific front in WWII.

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Attack on Pearl Harbor - December 7, 1941

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Japanese Internment Camps in America - February 19, 1942

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Japanese Internment Camps in America - February 19, 1942

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2 months after the bombing of Pearl Harbor, President Franklin D. Roosevelt organized Executive Order 9066 that forcefully placed Japanese Americans to inland internment camps. Despite two-thirds of them being American citizens, this was carried out on the fear of potential Japanese espionage.

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The U.S. stopped a Japanese fleet from invading Midway Island, seeking to get a place in the Pacific and remove the U.S. as an obstacle in their territorial expansion. U.S. victory crippled Japan’s plan for the Pacific and started a U.S. offensive.

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Manhattan Project - June 19, 1942-August 25, 1947

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Manhattan Project - June 19, 1942-August 25, 1947

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The classified partnership between the U.S. and Great Britain to beat Germany in creating atomic weapons. With J. Robert Oppenheimer leading the design and construction of the atomic bombs, the two bombs were used in Japan, leading to the end of WWII and devastation of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

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Guadalcanal Campaign - 7 August 1942-August 15, 1947

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Guadalcanal Campaign - 7 August 1942-August 15, 1947

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It was a crucial battle of Allied forces fighting the Japanese who wanted to make an airbase and defensive buffer in the South Pacific which would impact Allied supply routes to Australia. Ended in Japan’s loss, making this a turning point in the Pacific War as Allies were on the defensive now.

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Allies Land in North Africa - November 8, 1942

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Allies Land in North Africa - November 8, 1942

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(a.k.a “Operation Torch”) American and British forces invaded French North African beaches and ports, eventually opening a second front against the Axis. Allies wanted to divert Germany’s focus for the Soviets on the Eastern front as well as to keep a foothold in the Mediterranean while gaining access to key resources.

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Allies Land in North Africa - November 8, 1942

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German Surrender in Stalingrad - February 2, 1943

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German Surrender in Stalingrad - February 2, 1943

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Germany’s invasion on Stalingrad went south after a strategic counteroffensive by the Soviets that led them to surrender due to their lack of ammunition and food. Hitler wanted Stalingrad for their Caucasus oil fields and Volga River, it's propaganda value as a city named after Stalin, and to turn Russia into a Nazi hegemony.

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<img src="https://static01.nyt.com/images/2012/01/30/learning/Feb02LN/Feb02LN-blog480.jpg" alt="Feb. 2, 1943 | Nazi Forces Surrender at Stalingrad - The New York Times">

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The largest air, land, and naval invasion in history that led to a new front and the liberation of France. The cause behind this invasion would be to put the Allies on a course to victory, proving it to be a turning point in WWII and a key factor in the defeat of Nazi Germany.

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Battle of the Bulge - December 16, 1944-January 25, 1945

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Battle of the Bulge - December 16, 1944-January 25, 1945

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Hitler, desperate to save Germany from losing, led a surprise offensive in the Ardennes Forest to break through the Allied lines, capture Antwerp, finish the battle on the western front, and focus on defeating the Soviets on the Eastern Front. The battle ended with Allied victory as Germany suffered from gasoline shortages and overwhelming Allied air attacks that downgraded German morale.

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The U.S. invaded Iwo Jima (a Japanese island) in WWII in hopes of establishing a strategic air base and to keep the flank safe for an invasion of Okinawa. This ended in heavy casualties and U.S. victory, becoming an air base and emergency landing field to help carry out bombing operations in Japan.

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Hitler committed suicide the day the Red Army occupied Berlin in his underground bunker  which ended WWII in Europe. He did so as he felt that Germany’s loss was inevitable in the Battle of Berlin which would reflect their outcome in WWII.

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Hitler’s death and overwhelming attacks from Allied forces pushed Germany into a corner, leading to their unconditional surrender. As the Soviets pushed Germany from the east and Allies from the west, Germany lost much territory and had no leader to guide them which prompted their surrender.

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Okinawa was an opportunity for the U.S. to block Japan’s supply routes through its airbases and anchorages, prompting the U.S. to take down the last obstacle between them and Japan. Japan responded by sending the largest kamikaze attacks of the war, inflicting great casualties on both sides. This ended in U.S. victory and was the last major battle of WWII.

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Bombing of Hiroshima & Nagasaki - August 6, 1945

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Bombing of Hiroshima & Nagasaki - August 6, 1945

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Two atomic bombs were dropped in Hiroshima and Nagasaki that devastated Japan’s population and their future generations with the radiation survivors were exposed to. The U.S. aimed to find a way to quickly end the war with Japan, minimize American casualties, and to establish a superior position in the post-war geopolitical landscape, which is why they created the atomic bomb.

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Bombing of Hiroshima & Nagasaki - August 6, 1945

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Japan Signs Official Surrender - September 2, 1945

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Japan Signs Official Surrender - September 2, 1945

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Japan signs the official Instrument of Surrender made by the War Department under President Truman, officiating the surrender of Japan. After the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and threat of further mass destruction, Japan decided to admit surrender.

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Japan Signs Official Surrender - September 2, 1945