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Modeling is very beneficial for ELLs, because although they might not always be able to understand everything I say, they can help pick up on the skills by watching and mimicking the work I am doing. With modeling, you can model almost everything to give the students a deeper understanding of the work they are doing (pg. 12-13). I could use this in my classroom (preschool) by demonstrating what I am instructing, such as getting out your textbook.

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Music is an amazing strategy to incorporate in a class with ELLs. Singing can make students feel more comfortable in a group setting. It helps with speaking, listening, reading, and writing. There are many ways I could implement music in my classroom, such as fill in the blanks, comprehension questions, lyric writing, etc (pg. 88-89). I would be sure to pick songs that correlate with the stories and themes of our learning.

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Micro-writing consists of doing frequent, but short periods of writing throughout the school day. This can be much easier for students than having a long allotted amount of time to write. This helps them increase confidence levels and build up their ability to write longer pieces of work (pg. 195). I would incorporate this in my classroom by starting with small ice breaker questions in which they had 3-5 minutes to answer.

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Clozes are also known as fill in the blanks. Fill in the blanks can be used in many ways. They help students learn context clues and improve their comprehension (pg. 180). I would use these in my classroom not only for comprehension, but also for listening. This could mean students fill in the blanks during an informational video, or even during a lecture.

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Many english language learners feel like they are constantly in the seat learning. To flip this, it could be beneficial to allow them to teach. This will help them take a new role, and also learn new skills (pg 271). It could also greatly increase their confidence. In my classroom I would like to assign kids a problem to master, and have each child teach their own problem to the class.

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In a classroom with ELLs, it is very important to accommodate students with note taking. There are many ways you can do this. Teachers can offer a shorter pre-printed version of the notes for the kids who struggle processing as quickly. They could also use the cloze passages we talked about previously (pg 277). My favorite accommodation, and what I would implement in my classroom would be giving the lecture slides to the students in advance so they can take their notes ahead of time.

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Majority of students, including ELLs, learn best in an environment that they feel comfortable in. In order to create this in a classroom, it is important to build relationships with the students. This allows them to be themselves, feel more confident asking questions, and reduces anxiety levels (pg. 267). I plan to do this in my classroom on a daily basis, as I have a genuine want to learn about all of my future students.

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Posting the agendas and schedules ahead of the time in the classroom (especially with images) can ease the student's minds during transitioning periods. It is also helpful to post visuals and labels to help ELLs comprehend, and build vocabularies (pg. 352). In my preschool classroom, I have visual schedules posted, and I would do this still if I had an ELL in my room.

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Small group work is very important for ELLs. It is best to work with 2-5 students at a time. The less amount of students in the group allows for more constructive time to build relationships and understanding. It can also allow an ELL to feel more comfortable speaking up, in comparison to the entire classroom full of students (pg. 352). I plan to have a small group table in my classroom and use it frequently in all subjects.

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Another strategy is playing short informational clips from websites such as Brainpop. This was helpful because it not only taught mini lessons with activities, but also because it was available for students to build their own knowledge at home (pg.333) . It was a nice brain break in comparison to lectures and worksheets. I don't have much experience with Brainpop in particular, but I would definitely look into it, or a website similar in my classroom to keep the students educated and engaged.

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Contrastive analysis is the work of comparing two languages to look for relatable similarities and differences. To do this, we can refer back to the 5 parts of language. These are semantics, pragmatics, morphemes, syntax, and phonemes. As a teacher it is important and helpful to research the correlations between your language, and the language of your ELL students to help them relate their two languages.

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Ferlazzo, L. (2012). The ESL/ELL Teacher’s Survival Guide / Larry Ferlazzo, Katie Hull Sypnieski. Second Edition, 2012(2012), 1–99. http://library.um.ac.id/free-contents/downloadpdf.php/buku/the-eslell-teachers-survival-guide-larry-ferlazzo-katie-hull-sypnieski-43263.pdf