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A wave of pro-democracy protests and uprisings that took place in the Middle East and North Africa

Began in 2010 and spanned until 2011

The events were mainly fueled by frustration over issues like corruption, poverty, unemployment, lack of political freedom and authoritarian governance.

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The COVID-19 pandemic began in late-2019 and officially lasted until mid-2023, though the virus has not been eradicated as of December 2024.

Globally, lockdowns were put in order to prevent the disease's spread. Health professionals recommended mask use and social distancing.

Effect on civilization:

Measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19 had severe economic impacts, especially on workers and small businesses, including in the tourism and entertainment industries due to travel restrictions and lockdowns.

There was an economic recession during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Effect on culture

COVID-19 led to increased prevalence of conspiracy theories, which made combatting the spread more difficult for official bodies and workers. Conspiracy theories are still prevalent today.

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The Berlin Wall was a barrier that surrounded West Berlin and prevented access to East Berlin and areas of East Germany from 1961-1989.

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The Syrian regime of Bashar al-Assad fell in December, 2024 due tocumulative military defeats, internal rebellion, and loss of international support.

The rebel and Kurdish forces gainedground in key areas, while Assad's most important backers-Russia and Iran-started scaling back their involvement due to shifting priorities.

Internal opposition also mounted against Assad, asillustrated by the partial defection of his army and statebureaucracy. The fall of his regime marked a turning point in Syria's long conflict, with various factions now competing for control.

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"Turning points in culture are only possible with the change in relationships and power dynamics."

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Impact on RELATIONSHIPS:

Due to health procedures medical masks were required for safety and less spreading of the virus.

Example (Fact): "In early 2020, the european union restricted the export of medical masks, hardly frustrating their trading partners."

Affecting the trading partners relationship with the european union after not being able to get medical masks to take care of their country.

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The Arab Spring began in december 2010, when Mohammed Bouazizi, a Tunisin street vendor self-immolated (set fire to himself) in protest against police corruption and mistreatment

His death sparked nation-wide protests which led to ousting of Tunisian president Zine El Abidine Ben Ali in january 2011

It then spread to other countries including Egypt, Syria, Libya, Yemen and Bahrain as well as inspiring demonstrations in Algeria, Morocco, Jordan etc

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The Brexit referendum occured in 2016 and would decide whether the UK would stay or leave the European Union

England and Wales were largely in favour of leaving and Scotland and Northern Ireland were against the idea of leaving the EU.

This was the First referendum since 1973 on the European Union membership

The toal votes were 17.4 million votes to leave against 16.1 million ( 51.9% x 48.1%)

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Before the fall, people of the East and people of the West didn't frequently interact. Therefore making their communication limited. However when the wall fell, people of both sides could exchange ideas, traditions, etc, therefore making them learn from other cultures.

The fall itself was only possible because of the change power, especially the weakning of the East, thus making the alteration in culture and the intercation themselves only true because of a change in power dynamic. Moreover, for the people of the east, the change in power dynamics completely altered their culture as they had never been exposed to a democratic nation.

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Conceptual Understanding - Impact on Interactions

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Conceptual Understanding - Impact on Interactions

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The decision of the UK to leave the EU took a huge toll on its economy. It complicated its political and economic relations with other countries in the EU, and complicated its negotiations severely. By leaving the EU, it also lost its place in discussions and decisions in the EU, significantly reducing its global influence.

Therefore, we can conclude that a change in interactions may affect the diplomatic relationship between countries.

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on the 8/12/24 the president of syria was forced out of Damascus city by the rebels after 13 years of civil war.

the civil war had began in 2011 by the discontent of many diffrent groups of people with the president bashar al assad.

with relations to the us trying tohelping the rebels by training them and giving them equipment but the program faild and they canceld it, the war has displaced many cevilians makeing them war reffuges making their culture spread around the world.

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Civilizations can affect turning points and the power of a government

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COVID-19 affected interaction in both social and professional ways.

COVID-19 affected people's social interactions physically by forcing people to have social distance between themselves, so that the people didn't pass the disease to other.

It also affected professionally by forcing work to be 100% online challenging every single person to work the same way they did before.