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Map of the Divisions of Germany in 4 zones

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In Yalta, Crimea (Europe), the USA, USSR, and Britain decided to divide Germany into four zones after WWII. Stalin agreed to allow free elections in Eastern Europe but later broke his promise, creating mistrust between the Allies. This meeting laid the groundwork for post-war Europe and marked the early tensions of the Cold War.

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1945: Hiroshima and Nagasaki Bombings (August 6 and 9, 1945)

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1945: Hiroshima and Nagasaki Bombings (August 6 and 9, 1945)

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In Japan (Asia), the USA dropped atomic bombs, killing around 140,000 in Hiroshima (Aug. 6, 1945) and 70,000 in Nagasaki (Aug. 9, 1945). These bombings ended WWII but signaled the start of the nuclear arms race between the USA and the USSR. The devastation demonstrated the terrifying power of nuclear weapons.

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1945: Hiroshima and Nagasaki Bombings (August 6 and 9, 1945)

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1946: Iron Curtain Speech (March 5, 1946)

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1946: Iron Curtain Speech (March 5, 1946)

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Winston Churchill gave a speech in Missouri (USA), warning of an “Iron Curtain” dividing Europe into communist East and capitalist West. This speech symbolized the growing Cold War divide and strengthened the US commitment to oppose Soviet influence in Europe.

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In Greece and Turkey (Europe/Asia), the USA provided $400 million to stop the spread of communism. President Truman introduced the policy of containment, which meant preventing communism from expanding. This event showed how the USA used economic aid to influence Cold War politics.

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The USA offered $13 billion to rebuild war-torn Western Europe. This plan aimed to prevent the spread of communism by improving economic stability. Eastern European countries under Soviet control were forced to reject this aid, deepening the East-West divide.

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The USSR blocked all road and rail access to West Berlin (Europe), trying to force the Allies out. In response, the USA and Britain airlifted food, fuel, and supplies for 11 months, flying over 200,000 missions. The blockade failed, and it highlighted Cold War tensions in Europe.

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NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) was formed in Washington, D.C. (USA) by 12 countries, including the USA, UK, and Canada, to protect Western nations from Soviet aggression. This defensive alliance was a key symbol of unity among capitalist nations.

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In Korea (Asia), North Korea invaded South Korea with support from the USSR and China. The USA and the UN intervened to stop the spread of communism. After three years of heavy fighting, the war ended in a stalemate at the 38th parallel, dividing Korea into North (communist) and South (capitalist)

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In Vietnam (Asia), North Vietnam (communist) fought South Vietnam (anti-communist), with the USA supporting the South. Despite massive US involvement, North Vietnam eventually won, uniting the country under communism. The war caused major protests in the USA and showed the limits of containment.

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1962: Cuban Missile Crisis (October 16–28, 1962

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1962: Cuban Missile Crisis (October 16–28, 1962

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The USSR secretly placed nuclear missiles in Cuba (North America), 90 miles from the USA. When discovered, President Kennedy demanded their removal, leading to a tense 13-day standoff. The crisis ended when the USSR agreed to withdraw the missiles, avoiding nuclear war.

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1989: Fall of the Berlin Wall (November 9, 1989)

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1989: Fall of the Berlin Wall (November 9, 1989)

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Protests in Berlin (Europe) led to the peaceful tearing down of the Berlin Wall, which had separated East and West Berlin for decades. This event marked the collapse of communist regimes across Eastern Europe.

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1991: Collapse of the USSR (December 25, 1991)

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1991: Collapse of the USSR (December 25, 1991)

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Due to economic problems and political unrest, the USSR dissolved into 15 independent countries. Mikhail Gorbachev resigned as the last Soviet leader, ending the Cold War and leaving the USA as the sole superpower.