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Orange and White Creative Mind Map Brainstorm

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Plagiarism is when a person uses someone else’s ideas, words, or work without giving proper credit. Two common types of plagiarism are direct plagiarism and accidental plagiarism.

Direct plagiarism happens when someone intentionally copies another person's exact words or work and presents it as their own. This is done on purpose, without quotation marks or citation. For example, if a student copies a paragraph from an article and pastes it into their assignment without mentioning the source, it is direct plagiarism. Since it is intentional, direct plagiarism is considered a serious academic offense and can result in strict penalties, such as failing the assignment or disciplinary action.

Accidental plagiarism occurs when a person plagiarizes without meaning to. It usually happens because of carelessness, lack of knowledge about citation rules, or mistakes in paraphrasing. For instance, if a student rewrites information from a website but forgets to cite the source, it is still plagiarism, even though it was not intentional. Accidental plagiarism is also taken seriously because it still involves using someone else's work improperly, but educators may be more understanding if they see it was an honest mistake.

In short, direct plagiarism is done deliberately, while accidental plagiarism happens by mistake. However, both types are wrong, and students should learn proper research and referencing skills to avoid them.

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Mosaic Plagiarism vs. Paraphrasing Plagiarism (Examples + How to Avoid Them)

1. Mosaic Plagiarism (a.k.a. "Patchwriting")

What it is:
Mixing copied phrases from a source with your own words without using quotation marks or properly citing the original source.

Example:
Original:

"Climate change is accelerating the melting of glaciers around the world, contributing to rising sea levels."

Mosaic plagiarism:

Climate change is speeding up the melting of glaciers worldwide and is causing sea levels to rise.

2. Paraphrasing Plagiarism

What it is:
Restating the original idea completely in your own words but still not giving credit to the source.

Example:
Original:

"Social media platforms have a major impact on political campaigns by influencing voter opinions."

Paraphrasing plagiarism:

Political campaigns are strongly affected by social media because it changes how voters think.

(Even though the words are different, if you don't cite the source, it's plagiarism!)

How to Avoid These Mistakes

Always cite the source, even if you rewrite it in your own words.

Use quotation marks when copying exact phrases.

Summarize properly: read the original, understand it, then close the book and write it in your own words, based on your understanding.

Try using plagiarism checkers before submitting your work.

If you're unsure, it's better to over-cite than under-cite.

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Examples

1. Mosaic Plagiarism

Definition: Patching together phrases or ideas from a source into your work without proper citation, even if you change some words.

Example:
Original: "Climate change accelerates the melting of glaciers, leading to rising sea levels."
Mosaic Plagiarism: "Global warming speeds up glacier melting, which causes oceans to rise," (without citation).

2. Paraphrasing Plagiarism

Definition: Rewording someone else's ideas too closely to the original structure or meaning without crediting the source.

Example:
Original: "Exercise is crucial for maintaining heart health and reducing the risk of chronic disease."
Paraphrasing Plagiarism: "Working out is important for keeping your heart healthy and lowering the chance of long-term illnesses," (without citation).

Ways to Avoid Mosaic and Paraphrasing Plagiarism

✅ Always cite your sources, even if you change the wording.
✅ Use quotation marks if you borrow exact phrases.
✅ Fully understand the original idea first, then explain it in your own style and voice.
✅ Use plagiarism checkers to double-check your work.
✅ Practice summarizing instead of just slightly changing words.

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Direct plagiarism refers to the deliberate act of copying another person's work, ideas, or expressions without acknowledgment or proper citation. This form of plagiarism is characterized by intentionality; the individual knowingly presents someone else's intellectual property as their own. Direct plagiarism can include the verbatim copying of sentences, paragraphs, or entire sections of a text without quotation marks or attribution. Because it involves a conscious decision to deceive, direct plagiarism is often viewed as a severe violation of academic honesty policies and may result in significant disciplinary actions such as academic suspension, expulsion, or reputational damage. An example of direct plagiarism would be a student submitting a research paper that incorporates substantial portions of an article from a scholarly journal without citing the source or indicating that the material is not original.

Accidental plagiarism, on the other hand, occurs when a person fails to properly cite sources or paraphrases improperly due to a lack of understanding or oversight rather than an intention to deceive. Accidental plagiarism is often the result of poor note-taking practices, misunderstanding citation conventions, or insufficient familiarity with the academic expectations regarding source attribution. Although there is no deliberate intent to plagiarize, accidental plagiarism is still treated seriously because it misrepresents the originality of the work and undermines academic standards. Common instances of accidental plagiarism include neglecting to place quotation marks around directly quoted material, paraphrasing too closely to the original text without adequate transformation of the language, or forgetting to cite a source altogether. For example, a student who paraphrases a theory from a textbook but fails to cite the textbook correctly would be committing accidental plagiarism.

In conclusion, the primary distinction between direct and accidental plagiarism lies in the intent behind the action. Direct plagiarism involves a willful attempt to present another's work as one's own, while accidental plagiarism stems from ignorance, carelessness, or misunderstanding. Regardless of intent, both forms of plagiarism carry serious consequences in academic settings and highlight the importance of developing rigorous citation practices and a thorough understanding of academic integrity principles.

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Written Datin Wahida Y1S2 Feedback on the Forum Speech on Exercise, Yoga, and Mental Health

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Tutorial Week 13: Types of Plagiarism

1. Mosaic Plagiarism (Patchwriting)

Definition:

Combining copied phrases or ideas from a source into your own writing without using proper quotation marks or citation.

Example:

Original text:
“Social media platforms have revolutionized the way people communicate and share information globally.”

Mosaic plagiarism:
“Social platforms have changed how people connect and spread information around the world.”
(Key phrases are slightly changed but still closely mirror the original structure and idea without citation.)

How to Avoid:

Do not copy sentence structures even if you change some words.

Fully understand the original idea, then summarize it in your own words.

Always cite the original source, even after rephrasing.

2. Paraphrasing Plagiarism

Definition:

Rewriting someone else’s ideas in your own words but failing to give credit to the original source.

Example:

Original text:
“Renewable energy sources such as solar and wind are essential to reducing carbon emissions.”

Paraphrasing plagiarism:
“Reducing carbon emissions requires clean energy like wind and solar power.”
(The wording is different, but the original idea is used without giving credit.)

How to Avoid:

Always credit the original author, even if you have rephrased the content.

Follow the required citation style (e.g., APA, MLA) for your course.

Double-check your work to ensure all borrowed ideas are properly acknowledged.

✅ Summary: How to Avoid Both Types

Understand the material fully before writing—don’t imitate sentence structures.

Cite the source whether you quote directly or paraphrase.

Use quotation marks when copying exact phrases.

Use tools like Turnitin or Grammarly to check for unintentional plagiarism

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Direct Plagiarism happens when someone intentionally copies another person's work word-for-word without giving credit. It's deliberate cheating — the person knows they are stealing ideas or text and presenting it as their own.

Accidental Plagiarism occurs when a person unintentionally fails to cite sources correctly, misquotes someone, or paraphrases poorly. It’s usually due to carelessness, misunderstanding citation rules, or not knowing how to properly attribute information — but even though it's unintentional, it’s still considered plagiarism.

In short:

Direct plagiarism = Intentional copying without credit.

Accidental plagiarism = Unintentional mistakes in citing or paraphrasing.

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Plagiarism in Academic Writing

1. Direct Plagiarism

Definition: Copying someone else’s exact words or ideas without using quotation marks or proper citation.

Intent: Intentional - the writer deliberately presents another person’s work as their own.

Example: Copying a paragraph from a book or website into an essay without giving credit.

Consequence: Considered a serious academic offense; can result in disciplinary action.

2. Accidental Plagiarism

Definition: Failing to cite sources properly or paraphrasing too closely to the original text without realizing it.

Intent: Unintentional- the writer does not mean to plagiarize but fails to follow proper citation practices.

Example: Forgetting to include a citation or not using quotation marks when borrowing text.

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Beige Illustrative Customer Journey Mind Map Brainstorm 

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Mosaic plagiarism occurs when a writer borrows phrases from a source and weaves them into their own work without using quotation marks or giving proper citation. This type of plagiarism often involves mixing copied phrases with original writing, yet failing to acknowledge the original source.

In contrast, paraphrasing plagiarism happens when someone restates another person’s ideas in their own words but does not credit the original source. An example of this would be changing a few words in a paragraph while keeping the same structure and ideas, without providing a citation.

To avoid both mosaic and paraphrasing plagiarism, it is important to always cite sources properly, use quotation marks for any direct phrases, thoroughly rephrase ideas while still giving credit, keep careful track of all sources during research, and use plagiarism checkers to review work before submission.

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Direct plagiarism occurs when a person copies someone else’s work word-for-word without providing any citation. This form of plagiarism is intentional and dishonest, as it involves deliberately presenting another person’s ideas as one’s own. For example, copying a paragraph from a book into an essay without using quotation marks or referencing the source clearly demonstrates direct plagiarism.

On the other hand, accidental plagiarism happens when a person forgets to cite sources, misquotes, or unintentionally paraphrases information too closely without proper acknowledgment. Although it is unintentional, accidental plagiarism is still considered a serious academic offense. An example of accidental plagiarism would be rewording a source slightly but failing to give proper credit to the original author.

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1. Mosaic Plagiarism

Definition: Also called patchwriting, this happens when a writer blends phrases, ideas, or pieces of text from a source into their own writing without using quotation marks—even if they cite the source. The result is a mix of copied and original content that closely mirrors the source.

Example:
Original:
"Social media has transformed the way people communicate, creating new spaces for personal expression and social interaction."
Mosaic Plagiarism:
Social media changed how people interact by forming fresh spaces for self-expression and communication.

Why it’s wrong:
Even though some words are changed, the sentence structure and ideas are too close to the original without proper quotation or enough rewriting.

How to avoid it:

Always rewrite ideas fully in your own words and sentence structure.

Use quotation marks for exact phrases.

Cite your sources clearly.

2. Paraphrasing Plagiarism

Definition: This occurs when someone rewords a source’s content but keeps the same meaning and structure without giving credit. Even if the words are different, using the idea without citation is still plagiarism.

Example:
Original:
"Regular exercise improves mental health by reducing stress, anxiety, and depression."
Paraphrasing Plagiarism:
Working out regularly helps mental well-being by lowering feelings of anxiety, depression, and stress.

Why it’s wrong:
The wording is changed, but the idea is taken directly from the source without citation.

How to avoid it:

Paraphrase properly by changing both the wording and sentence structure.

Always credit the original source, even if you reword it.

When in doubt, cite!

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Direct plagiarism occurs when a person intentionally copies another person’s work word-for-word without giving proper credit. This type of plagiarism is considered a serious academic offense because the writer knowingly presents someone else’s ideas or writing as their own. It often involves copying sentences, paragraphs, or even entire papers without quotation marks or citations. Because it is done deliberately, direct plagiarism is viewed as dishonest and unethical.

Accidental plagiarism, on the other hand, happens when someone unintentionally fails to cite sources correctly. This may occur due to a lack of understanding of citation rules, forgetting to include a reference, or paraphrasing too closely to the original text without realizing it. Although it is not done on purpose, accidental plagiarism can still result in academic consequences because the writer still uses someone else's work without proper acknowledgment.

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Double Bubble Map Education Whiteboard in Yellow Purple Blue Playful Shapes Style

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Cream Abstract Business Problem Statement And Solution Graphic Organizer Template

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🔹 Mosaic Plagiarism (also called "patchwriting")

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🔍 Difference Between Direct and Accidental Plagiarism

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Mosaic plagiarism happens when someone takes phrases from a source and changes a few words, but keeps most of the structure and ideas the same, without giving credit.
Example:
> Original: "Climate change has led to rising sea levels and extreme weather patterns across the globe."
> Plagiarized: "Global warming has caused higher sea levels and severe weather events worldwide."

Paraphrasing plagiarism is when a person rewrites someone else's idea in their own words but doesn’t mention the source.
Example:
> Original idea: A theory from a book about how children learn languages better through play.
>Plagiarized: "Kids can learn new languages more easily when they are having fun with games."

To avoid plagiarism: Always cite your sources, use quotation marks for exact words, and fully rewrite ideas in your own words with credit to the original author.

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Direct plagiarism is when someone copies another person’s exact words without using quotation marks or giving credit to the source. This type of plagiarism is intentional because the writer is fully aware that they are taking someone else’s work and presenting it as their own. For example, if a student copies and pastes a paragraph from a website into their assignment without any citation or quotation marks, this is considered direct plagiarism. It is a serious offense because it shows a deliberate act of dishonesty.

On the other hand, accidental plagiarism happens when a person does not mean to copy, but still ends up using someone else’s ideas without proper citation. This can occur due to carelessness, lack of understanding about referencing, or poor paraphrasing. For instance, a student might read a source, reword it in their own way, but forget to mention where the idea came from. Even though there was no intention to cheat, it is still plagiarism because the idea was not original.

The main difference between the two is intention. Direct plagiarism is done on purpose, while accidental plagiarism is usually caused by a lack of knowledge or attention. However, both are taken seriously in academic writing, so it is important for students to always cite sources correctly and understand how to avoid plagiarism.

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Literary Genres Comparison Educational Poster in Dark Blue, Pink, Yellow, and Green Playful Style

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Mosaic plagiarism happens when a writer takes phrases or pieces of sentences from different sources and puts them together without using quotation marks or proper citations.

Example: Copying short phrases from two different articles and combining them into a paragraph without acknowledging the original writers.

Paraphrasing plagiarism happens when someone rewrites another person’s ideas by only changing a few words or sentence structures without giving proper credit.

Example: Changing some words from a textbook definition but not citing the source.

Ways to avoid them:

Always cite the original source, even when paraphrasing.

Use your own words completely and not just change a few words.

Read the material carefully, understand it, and then explain it in your own way.

Double-check citations to make sure they follow the right format.

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Direct plagiarism happens when someone copies another person’s work word-for-word without giving any credit. It is considered a serious academic offence because it shows dishonesty.

Accidental plagiarism happens when someone forgets to cite properly, paraphrases too closely to the original text, or does not understand the rules of citation. Even though it is not done on purpose, it is still treated seriously in academic writing.

In short, direct plagiarism is intentional copying, while accidental plagiarism is unintentional but still wrong

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Mosaic Plagiarism

Definition:
Mosaic plagiarism (also known as patchwriting) happens when a writer borrows phrases, ideas, or sentence structures from a source, blending them into their own writing without proper citation—even if some words are changed.

Example:
Original source:

"Global warming is accelerating due to human activities such as fossil fuel consumption and deforestation, which increase greenhouse gas emissions."

Mosaic plagiarism:

"Global warming is speeding up because of human actions like using fossil fuels and cutting down forests, both of which increase emissions of greenhouse gases."

Problem: Even though some words are changed, the sentence structure and core phrasing are too close to the original, and there's no citation.

Paraphrasing Plagiarism

Definition:
Paraphrasing plagiarism occurs when someone rewrites a source’s content in their own words but fails to cite the original source. Even if the wording is changed, the idea still belongs to the original author.

Example:
Original source:

"Social media platforms have transformed how individuals communicate, often blurring the line between public and private life."

Paraphrasing plagiarism:

Social media has changed the way people interact, making it harder to distinguish between what’s private and public.

Problem: This is a reworded version of the original idea, but since there's no citation, it's still plagiarism.

How to Avoid Mosaic and Paraphrasing Plagiarism

StrategyDescriptionUse quotation marksFor exact words or phrases taken from a source.Always cite your sourceEven when paraphrasing or summarizing ideas that aren’t your own.Paraphrase properlyFully understand the idea, then restate it in your own words and style.Compare your versionCheck that your paraphrased sentence doesn’t mirror the source’s structure.Use plagiarism checkersTools like Turnitin or Grammarly can help flag similarities.

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1. Direct Plagiarism

Definition:
Direct plagiarism occurs when a person copies someone else’s work, ideas, or words exactly without giving proper credit. It’s essentially word-for-word copying or paraphrasing without citation.

Example:
If a student takes a paragraph from a book or article and inserts it into their paper without quotation marks and proper attribution, that’s direct plagiarism.

Explanation:
Direct plagiarism is considered intentional and is the most straightforward form of plagiarism. It is unethical because it involves deliberately presenting someone else’s intellectual property as your own, which violates academic integrity.

2. Accidental Plagiarism

Definition:
Accidental plagiarism occurs when a person unintentionally fails to properly cite sources or paraphrases someone’s ideas too closely to the original, without realizing it.

Example:
A student might paraphrase a sentence from a source but uses very similar wording or structure to the original and forgets to include a citation, thinking it is sufficiently changed, but it’s still too close to the source.

Explanation:
Accidental plagiarism is typically the result of misunderstanding citation rules, forgetting to cite, or not knowing how to paraphrase correctly. While it is unintentional, it still constitutes plagiarism and can have consequences in academic settings if not addressed.

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🐻27th April 2025

🐻2.30 p.m - 4.30 p.m

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Provide examples of mosaic plagiarism and paraphrasing plagiarism. Suggest ways to avoid them.

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Blue Creative Project Research Mind Map Brainstorm 

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Identify and explain the difference between direct plagiarism and accidental plagiarism.

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White and Pink Simple Mind Map Brainstorm

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Blackboard Modern Colorful Mind Map Brainstorm

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Colorful Compare and Contrast Double Bubble Map Worksheet

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Compare and contrast the styles of cause and effect and compare and contrast in academic writing. Provide one example for each.

Your answer must be in mind mapping form.

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Task 3 Datin

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The Importance of Referencing and Strategies for Avoiding Plagiarism