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Before 1491, there were many Native populations to the Americas, with several relatively advanced Civilizations, such as the Incas, Mayans, and Aztecs, and many other smaller civilizations across North America and South America.

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Spain defeats Islamic invaders, unifying itself, and allowing much more resources to be spent exploring outside of Spain, setting stage for Spanish exploration of America, as well as a desire to compete with Portugal who had set up many trading posts across the west African post.

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1492 - Arrival of Columbus in the Caribbean

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1492 - Arrival of Columbus in the Caribbean

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As Portuguese and Spanish sailing technology got better, both were in search of trade routes. Eventually Spain went searching for trade routes west, which lead to Columbus landing in the Bahamas in 1492.

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In an effort to reduce the competition between Spain and Portugal, they signed the Treaty of Tordesillas, causing the world to be split into what was most of the new world for Spain and everything east of the new world to Portugal

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Cortés quickly crushes Aztec empire in Mexico and takes it for Spain.

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Attempted Colonization effort by the English, but in 1590 when it was revisited, all colonists had disappeared, and colony was abandoned.

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In 1607, the English Virginia company sails to Virginia, and establishes Jamestown, the first long term successful English colony.