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Las entrevistas a usuarios extremos deben ser breves, de no más de 30 minutos. De este modo, el entrevistador podrá recabar información de un mayor número de participantes y mantener su atención y compromiso.

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Al realizar entrevistas a usuarios extremos, se recomienda utilizar un enfoque semiestructurado que permita flexibilidad en la conversación. De este modo, el entrevistador podrá recabar información sobre las necesidades y preferencias de los usuarios sin perder la estructura de la entrevista.

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Antes de realizar entrevistas a usuarios extremos, es importante definir claramente los criterios que los definen. Esto ayudará a garantizar que los participantes seleccionados se encuentran realmente en los dos extremos opuestos del espectro de uso.

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En esta foto podemos ver que Quirino está llevando a cabo una entrevista con dos personas acerca de una app fitness, las cuales una de ellas muy fitness y la otra no.

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Cuando se diseña un nuevo producto o servicio y se desea recabar la opinión de usuarios que están muy familiarizados con él o que lo desconocen por completo.

Cuando se desea identificar las formas en que el sistema de interés no satisface las distintas necesidades de los diferentes usuarios.

Cuando se desea comprender mejor las necesidades y preferencias de los usuarios e identificar áreas de mejora en el producto o servicio estudiado.

Cuando desee observar y entrevistar a usuarios extremos como cualquier otra persona, y buscar soluciones u otros comportamientos extremos para inspirarse y descubrir ideas.

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https://pdmethods.com/extreme-users/

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As a designer, you engage users (people!) to understand their needs and gain insights into their lives. You also draw inspiration from their work-arounds and frameworks. When you speak with and observe extreme users, their amplified needs and work-arounds come to light. This helps reveal meaningful needs that may not pop when engaging with the middle of the bell curve. And the needs of extreme users often coincide with the needs of a wider population.

How to engage with extreme users

Determine who's extreme

First identify the aspects of your design challenge you want to explore to an extreme. Then think of extreme users within those facets. If you're designing a grocery store, you might consider how groceries are gathered or how payment is made as aspects to explore. Honing in on gathering groceries, extreme users might include people who gather recyclables with shopping carts or product pullers for online buyers.

Engage

Observe and interview extreme users just like other folks. Look for work-arounds (or other extreme behaviors) to spark inspiration and uncover insights.

Look at the extreme in all of us

Look to extreme users to spur wild ideas. Then narrow in on what resonates with the primary users that you're designing for.

Credit

design thinking bootleg by d.school at Stanford University

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Extreme Users - Product Discovery Methods

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🔵 Empathize phase As a designer, you engage users (people!) to understand their needs and gain insights into their lives. You also draw inspiration from their work-arounds and frameworks. When you speak with and observe extreme users, their amplified needs and work-arounds come to light. This helps reveal meaningful needs ...

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Realice la entrevista utilizando un enfoque semiestructurado que permita flexibilidad en la conversación. Formule preguntas abiertas para obtener información sobre las necesidades y preferencias de los usuarios.

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Analice los datos recogidos en las entrevistas para identificar patrones y temas. Busque soluciones u otros comportamientos extremos para inspirarse y descubrir ideas.

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Sintetizar los resultados de las entrevistas a usuarios extremos con otros métodos de investigación para comprender mejor las necesidades y preferencias de los usuarios.

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Reclutar participantes que se ajusten a los criterios de los usuarios extremos. Esto puede hacerse a través de varios métodos, como el uso de una plataforma de reclutamiento de investigación de usuarios o la creación de una base de datos de participantes

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Identificar a los usuarios que se encuentran en los dos extremos opuestos del espectro de uso, como los que están extremadamente familiarizados o los que desconocen por completo el producto o servicio estudiado.

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https://www.designmethodsfinder.com/methods/extreme-user-interview

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In order to develop new solutions, extreme user interviews interview both persons with the relevant technical expertise in the field, as well as persons who are completely unfamiliar with the area. Within this method, people can also test new products or services.

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Creative input through atypical interviews with people who are very or very unfamiliar with the core problem.

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http://www.canadabeyond150.ca/assets/Method%20Cards/Method%20Cards-4-EN.pdf

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https://think.design/user-design-research/extreme-user-interviews/

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Most companies' worldwide know very little about their evolving users. In early stage startups, where the research budgets are small to nonexistent, the company isn't as open to spending big bucks on the much needed user research. Again, entrepreneurial firms do not have as much time as big corporates or brands to do ethnography research in order to understand their users better. What is a good alternative? Extreme user interviews!

Before we dive deep into explaining this method, it is important to understand what an extreme user means. An 'extreme' participant should exhibit sharpened traits of your target users. For example, if your research is focused on a kitchen appliance, an interview with a professional chef will give you quality insights into the experience of cooking. Similarly, someone who barely cooks is at the other end of the spectrum and can help shed light on the cooking experience. Another form of extreme users can be those who live with limitations, self-imposed or otherwise. Yet another route to extreme user interviews is to interview surrogate users i.e. people within the organization that talk directly to the users and are well aware of their pain areas, expectations and unmet needs. For example, let's say you work for an organic food company and wish to improve the user experience of your website. A surrogate user in your company would be the customer support personnel that manage reviews and feedback either on the telephone or web for you.

Again, like shadowing, extreme user interviews can be done either 30 mins per interviewee or longer, depending on what the researcher intends on learning. In many cases, you should be able to do it in a few days, even a few hours, depending on the scope of your project.

Furthermore, extreme user interviews are best performed individually than in a group. This will help curb peer-pressured responses from the participants. Extreme user interviews with at least 12 individuals may involve repetitive responses. However, it will also lead the most critical issues to surface based on the frequency of repetition among the participants. Extreme user interviews can be a precursor to customer segmentation and defining personas for your users.

Advantages of Extreme user interviews

1. Meaningful Insights

Quite relevant and meaningful insights can be gathered from extreme user interviews.

2. No peer pressure if done individually

If extreme user interviews are done one-on-one, there is no worry about individuals getting peer-pressured into a response that they don't entirely agree with.

3. Adaptive

The researcher can adapt as per the quality and kind of responses being provided by the extreme users.

4. Empathy & Connection

The researcher can give his/her undivided attention to the participants as well as connect with individual participants uniquely. This can allow the participants to feel comfortable during the interview while being authentic as well as open about the situation or issues being discussed.

5. Wide range of data collection

In case of extreme-user interviews, because the sample size of participants is small, usually individuals are picked based on their expertize or amateurism on the subject of research. Therefore, the data collected spreads over a wider spectrum than otherwise.

Disadvantages of Extreme user interviews

1. Participant identification and recruitment

Careful identification and further recruitment of participants can make or break the research.

2. Time consuming

The participant identification, definition, recruitment and then interview is time consuming.

3. Relatively expensive

As the interview involves experts in their field, the participant recruitment costs would be higher than usual.

Think Design's recommendation

Extreme user interviews is the method of choice when you want to discover the extreme limits of how a product could be... and your objective is to capture unknown opportunities. Say for example, if you want to understand opportunities for a personal finance app. One way of looking at it is that you would interview users who already use personal finance apps. The other way of looking at it is, I'd want to make the app in such a way that I capture those users who don't use any personal finance app. The difference between the two approaches is a business decision but if you wish to pursue the latter, you would employ extreme user interview method.

In this case, you would interview a personal finance app user so that you understand what his/her needs may be and in addition, you would interview a complete non user of personal finance apps in order that you understand the unknown opportunities you might capture. Interviewing the two would give you insights into how the product can cater to a total non-user in addition to appeal to a user.

Do not use Extreme user interviews if you are placing your product with clear proposition in a market that has well defined competition and opportunity... or rather, your objective is to capture known opportunities.

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Extreme User Interviews in User Research | Think Design

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Extreme User Interviews is a method employed to understand user responses and insights at two opposite ends of the usage spectrum. Know more about the method and its details.

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Imagina que estás diseñando una nueva aplicación de fitness y quieres recabar opiniones de los usuarios. En lugar de limitarse a entrevistar a personas que ya son entusiastas del fitness, podría llevar a cabo entrevistas a usuarios extremos con personas que bien están extremadamente en forma o bien están completamente fuera de forma. De este modo, podrá comprender mejor qué motiva a las personas con una forma física extrema a hacer ejercicio, así como qué obstáculos impiden que las personas que no están en forma hagan ejercicio. Esta información puede ayudarte a diseñar una aplicación de fitness más eficaz que atraiga a un mayor número de usuarios.

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https://universaldesignguide.com/method/extreme-user-interview/

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El objetivo de una entrevista a un usuario extremo es obtener información de personas que están muy familiarizadas con el producto o servicio estudiado o que lo desconocen por completo.