# data[].attributes.body
On April 4, 1914, the ship left Hong Kong carrying 376 Indian passengers (340 Sikhs, 24 Muslims and 12 Hindus). The ship was charted to combat racially prejudice laws in Canada.

# data[].attributes.body
The arrival of the ship sparked an Anti-Asian backlash. The passengers were not allowed into Canada due to racist views and prejudice based laws. It is a dark part of Canada's history and highlights the past and lingering racial views in the country.

# data[].attributes.body
French Canadians are used as spies in Nazi occupied France. They helped rescue downed airmen alongside the resistance.

# data[].attributes.body
Elise MacGill designs a faster and more efficient building process. It greatly impacted the Battle of Britain because they needed the planes.

# data[].attributes.body
Canada enters again because of the connections to Britain on September 10 1939, this is the end of the Great Depression. Manufacturing in Canada became a major contributor to allied forces supplies.

# data[].attributes.body
The depression was triggered by the stock market crash in the '30s. It hit the prairies hard because this happened at the same time as a bad drought. Dust storms where running crops and running farmers out of their homes. A new type of grass that is drought resistant with deep roots is developed and works.

# data[].attributes.body
He was born in the UK but became Premier of Saskatchewan. He is responsible for universal healthcare in Canada.

# data[].attributes.body
First women to earn Canadian Military medals. They were paid better than other countries nurses and nurses in general were a vital part of the war.

# data[].attributes.body
He started as a runner and survived. He became a sniper and was and still is the most decorated indigenous soldier. He established what is now the assembly of First Nation.

# data[].attributes.body
Canada declares war on August 5, 1914 the day after Britain due to its strong ties and former colony status. Many Canadians volunteered because they thought the war would end quickly. The war ends November 11, 1918 four years later.

# data[].attributes.body
The signing of Treaty 11 took place between 1921 and 1922. It is the final of the numbered treaties and includes First Nations communities located in the Northwest Territories. The indigenous believed it to be a treaty of peace and friendship on the understanding that their rights to trap, hunt and fish on their traditional territory would be protected. The Canadian government, meanwhile, wanted to gain control of the land to pursue mineral and oil-and-gas exploration. They terms of this treaty are vaguer than others. It was the last signed treaty of the numbered treaties.

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
It covers northern Saskatchewan and a small portion of Eastern Alberta

# data[].attributes.body
Treaty Number 10 was signed in 1906 and 1907 and includes the Barren Lands First Nation and Northlands First Nation in Manitoba. Birch Narrows First Nation and Buffalo River Dene Nation in Saskatchewan are part of the treaty. They wanted to solve the food and fur issues. Treaty 10 was something that they were asking for but the government did not agree to because they did not need to. Some people wanted to group treaty 10 with treaty 8 but it was decided against.

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
The treaty covers land and communities located in northern Ontario, including near James Bay.

# data[].attributes.body
Treaty 9 was first signed on November 6, 1905, with additional groups signing in 1906, 1929, and 1930. The indigenous groups living on the land were worried about the traditional land and the settlers and trappers that were coming. They were concerned for the animals that were being trapped into low numbers like beavers. They were also promised money and education.

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
The treaty covers part of Northern Saskatchewan, along with the majority of northern Alberta and parts of northeast British Columbia.

# data[].attributes.body
The agreement for Treaty number 8 was signed on June 21, 1899, between the Crown and First Nations in the Lesser Slave Lake area. Notable communities on Treaty 8 territory include Fort McMurray and Peace River Landing. The terms were similar to the other treaties. The Gold Rush caused the signing of the treaty. And many of the reason of the indigenous for signing the treaty are the same as those around them, they were suffering due to the lack of food and needed resources.

# data[].attributes.location_name
Blackfoot Crossing Historical Park, Wheatland County, AB

# data[].attributes.body
The agreement for Treaty No. 7 was signed on Sept. 22, 1877, between the Crown and Blackfoot First Nations bands. The treaty was signed at the Blackfoot Crossing on the Bow River. First Nations living on the land include the Blood Tribe, Siksika Nation, and Tsuut’ina Nation. Diseases were also a concern of First Nations as the oncoming settlers were viewed as invaders. They viewed the treaty as a peace treaty not as a surrender of the land.

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
The area of the treaty covers parts of Saskatchewan and Alberta.

# data[].attributes.body
The agreement for Treaty No. 6 was signed on August 23 & 28, 1876 at Fort Carlton and September 19, 1876, at Fort Pitt, Saskatchewan. Communities located in this treaty include Beaver Lake Cree Nation, Enoch Cree Nation, and Alexis First Nation in Alberta, along with Lac La Ronge First Nation, Big River First Nation, and Moosomin First Nation in Saskatchewan. They thought the terms of the treaty where inadequate and unfair but could find no better option for the people.

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
Manitoba communities located on Treaty 5 territory include Bissett, Cranberry Portage, Flin Flon, The Pas, Thompson, Churchill, Gillam and Leaf Rapids.

# data[].attributes.body
The agreement for Treaty No. 5 was signed on September 20, 1875, at Berens River and September 24, 1875, at Norway House. Adhesions to the treaty were made between June 1908 in Spirit Lake and ended in September 2006 in O-Pipon-Na-Piwin. Manitoba First Nations on Treaty 5 Territory include Berens River, Black River, Bloodvein, Chemawawin, Cross Lake, Fisher River, Hollow Water, Kinonjeoshtegon, Little Grand Rapids, Misipawistik, Mosakahiken, Norway House, Opaskwayak, Pauingassi, Poplar River, Bunibonibee, Fox Lake, Garden Hill, God’s Lake, Granville Lake, Manto Sipi, Nisichawayasihk, O-Pip-On-Na-Piwin, Red Sucker Lake, Sayisi Dene, Shamattawa, St. Theresa Point, Tataskweyak, Wasagamack, War Lake and York Factory. They wanted to keep hunting and trapping rights. One unusual thing about treaty five is the First Nations negotiating where willing to be relocated.

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
The above is a pictograph made by Chief Paskwa in 1874. The majority of the treaty land is in Saskatchewan, but an area of western Manitoba is included. 

# data[].attributes.body
The agreement for Treaty No. 4 was entered at Fort Qu’Appelle, Saskatchewan on Sept. 15 and 21, 1874. First Nation Communities in Treaty 4 include Gambler, Pine Creek, Rolling River, Sapotaweyak, Tootinaowaziibeeng, Waywayseecappo, and Wuskwi Sipi. Due to the decreasing buffalo population the future of their lives were threatened and many of the treaties in the prairies where signed out of fear of starvation.

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
The treaty mostly includes northwest Ontario. Manitoba communities located in Treaty 3 territory include Falcon Lake, Middlebro, and Point du Bois. 

# data[].attributes.body
Treaty number 3 was signed at the Northwest Angle of Lake of the Woods, Ontario on October 3, 1873. The treaty mostly includes northwest Ontario, but the Manitoba First Nation community of Buffalo Point calls the area home. The indigenous people of the area were promised compensation for government activity in the area. They did not want the land to be settled by farmers and but where will to allow people to pass through the land.

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
Communities located on Treaty 2 territory include Ashern, Brandon, Dauphin, Minnedosa, and Roblin.

# data[].attributes.body
The agreement for Treaty Number 2 was entered at Manitoba House on August 21, 1871. The First Nation communities of Treaty No. 2 are Dauphin River, Ebb & Flow, Keeseekoowenin, Lake St. Martin, Lake Manitoba, Little Saskatchewan, O-Chi-Chak-Ko-Sipi, Pinaymootang, and Skownan. The Indigenous people signed the treaty with the intent to protect the land and ensure a future for their culture.

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
Communities on Treaty 1 territory include Winnipeg, Portage la Prairie, Selkirk, Steinbach, Emerson, and Winkler.

# data[].attributes.body
Treaty one was the first of many numbered treaties signed in Canada on August 3, 1871. First Nations communities on Treaty 1 are Brokenhead, Long Plain, Peguis, Roseau River, Sagkeeng, Sandy Bay, and Swan Lake. It promised that they would share the land with settlers due to their proximity to oncoming settlers. And they signed to continue their lives without interference.

# data[].attributes.body
He was another political leader of the Northwest resistance. He was born in Winnipeg. He worked alongside Louis Riel to help spark change for the Metis people.

# data[].attributes.body
The fur trade was a cause of conflict between Canada and America. It led to the beaver wars and other conflicts. It was one of the biggest economic trades of Canada and built the country as Canada's national animal is the beaver.

# data[].attributes.body
It was believed in the colonies of America that they had a divine purpose to free Canadians from British rule. It was one of the causes of Confederation and never really happened.

# data[].attributes.body
The Canadian Government bought Rupert's Land in 1870 to fill the west with European immigrants. This was to fulfill the National Policy.

# data[].attributes.body
Macdonald had a vision of Canada that was outlined in his policies. He wanted to increase immigration in the west, industrialize the east, connect Canada with a railroad and tax American goods.

# data[].attributes.body
Chinese men immigrated to Canada to help with the building of the railroad in hope that the could improve the lives of their family. However, they had to pay a head tax to arrive and where exploited in their work.

# data[].attributes.body
The Railroad was built to connect BC to the rest of Canada. The Chinese were exploited in the building of the railway.

# data[].attributes.body
Macdonald became the first Prime Minister of Canada. This set the standard for Canada as he developed the government and shaped Canadian politics. This is connected to the confederation of Canada.

# data[].attributes.location_name
Saint Boniface, Powerview, Winnipeg, Manitoba

# data[].attributes.body
Louis Riel, the political leader of the Northwest Resistance, was born in the Saint Boniface, Red River Settlement. He started the uprising that essential led to the making of Manitobia.

# data[].attributes.location_name
Batoche National Historic Site, Batoche, SK

# data[].attributes.body
The Battle of Batoche was the final battle of the Métis resistance. It was the end of the 'uprising' lead by Louis Riel.

# data[].attributes.body
Fight between the British and French. The French had Iroquois allies. The treaty of peace was signed in the City of Montreal in 1701. This developed strong ties between the British and their allies.

# data[].attributes.body
Conflict between Prussia and Austria from 1740-1748. The British where sided with Austria and France allied with Prussia. This was an indirect cause to the conflict in america.

# data[].attributes.body
The Norse people tried to settle in Canada. They had colonies for a while but eventually tensions with the First Nations people caused conflict. One of the main reasons for their settlement was Canada's resources.

# data[].attributes.body
The French and British fought for control of the valley. It led to tensions that started the Seven Years War. It was fought over to control trade (specifically the fur trade).

# data[].attributes.body
Many Acadians were deported back to France. Some came from Louisiana and others directly from Canada. It is estimated that 3,000 Acadians were sent back to France

# data[].attributes.body
Many of the Acadians that left Nova Scotia ended up here. New Orleans was South just like the remaining French colonies and it had a good mix of agriculture. The French heritage is also very clear in New Orleans.

# data[].attributes.body
One of the many French controlled Islands part of the group called the, 'Sugar Islands'. The were very important to the French economically. These Islands were less taxing and already making a profit so the French wanted to keep them instead of New France (Canada).

# data[].attributes.body
Samuel de Champlain came to canada and founded New France. He also established Quebec City and became its governor. This is just another example of how Canada's history is rich with French heritage.

# data[].attributes.body
The French had developed colonies and began to feel independent. A large number of Acadians had settled in Nova Scotia. Many left, some stayed and lots came back. This event made the Quebec act and led to Canada having two official languages.

# data[].attributes.body
The HBC was established. It gained control of all the rivers flowing into the bay. This shaped Canada because it added tension that eventually led to the sevens year war.

# data[].attributes.body
Ottawa was chosen as the capital of canada by Queen Victoria in 1857. Because it was in a good location to defend and it was sitting on the borders of the only two provinces in Canada at the time.

# data[].attributes.location_name
Canadian Pacific Railway - Golden South Yard, 9 Avenue South, Golden, BC

# data[].attributes.body
A railway was built to connect the coasts of Canada. It is a darker past of canadian history due to the horrible working conditions. This happened in 1881 to 1885. It has obviously expanded since then.

# data[].attributes.location_name
White House, Pennsylvania Avenue Northwest, Washington, DC, USA

# data[].attributes.body
Burnt the White House down in the war of 1812. I don't know much about why the war started or its effects I know all the land that was gained was given back. The White House being burnt in the war leads to pride in Canada and helps add to Canadian identity.

# data[].attributes.body
People started moving from places, mainly Ukraine, Russia and Germany and started to populate a small town by Yorkton. That town was Springside, it was declared a village in 1909. It became a farming town and was growing rapidly until the growth declined and stopped. Leaving it a little town with very few local businesses.

# data[].attributes.body
The British Parliament passed the British North America Act in 1867. The Dominion of Canada was officially born on July 1, 1867

# data[].attributes.body
On September 1, 1905, Saskatchewan became a province.

# data[].attributes.body
The oldest city in Canada. It was founded in 1583 by explorer Sir Humphrey Gilbert who claimed it for England.

# data[].attributes.location_name
Toronto General Hospital, Elizabeth Street, Toronto, ON

# data[].attributes.body
In January 1922, Leonard Thompson, a 14-year-old boy dying from diabetes in a Toronto hospital, became the first person to receive an injection of insulin. Which was discovered in a Toronto University.

# data[].attributes.body
Many people consider the Canadian victory at Vimy a defining moment for Canada. When the country felt capable of greatness on its own.

# data[].attributes.body
In 1534, in a voyage conducted with great competence, Cartier explored the Gulf of St. Lawrence and claimed its shores for the French crown. This is the start to the European history of Canada.