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Missouri Compromise (1820)

Time: 1820
Place: Washington, D.C.
People: Henry Clay, James Monroe, Missouri, Maine
Story: Missouri admitted as a slave state, Maine as free; slavery banned north of 36°30' line.
Analysis:

Division: Increased tensions over slavery.

Secession: South feared restrictions on slavery.

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Texas War for Independence (1835-1836)

Time: 1835-1836
Place: Texas
People: Sam Houston, Santa Anna
Story: Texans fought and won independence from Mexico.
Analysis:

Division: Angered Mexico, raised the issue of slavery in new territories.

Secession: Southern expansionists saw Texas as a slave state opportunity.

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Nat Turner’s Rebellion (1831)

Time: 1831
Place: Southampton, VA
People: Nat Turner (leader), enslaved people
Story: Turner led a violent slave revolt; it was suppressed, and he was executed.
Analysis:

Division: Escalated fear of slave uprisings.

Secession: Increased Southern desire for stronger pro-slavery protections.

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Nullification Crisis (1832-1833)

Time: 1832-1833
Place: South Carolina
People: John C. Calhoun, Andrew Jackson
Story: South Carolina refused to enforce federal tariffs; Jackson threatened military action.
Analysis:

Division: Showed tensions over states' rights vs. federal power.

Secession: Led to Southern calls for more states' rights, secession.

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Denmark Vesey Plot (1822)

Time: 1822
Place: Charleston, SC
People: Denmark Vesey (leader), enslaved people
Story: Vesey planned a slave revolt; plot was discovered, and he was executed.
Analysis:

Division: Increased fear of slave uprisings in the South.

Secession: Heightened Southern paranoia, pushing for stricter slave laws.

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Compromise of 1850 / Fugitive Slave Law

Time: 1850
Place: Washington, D.C.
People: Henry Clay, Stephen Douglas, Millard Fillmore
Story: California entered as free state; Fugitive Slave Law strengthened.
Analysis:

Division: Raised tensions over slavery and its enforcement.

Secession: South felt betrayed by Northern resistance to fugitive slave laws.

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Mexican-American War (1846-1848)

Time: 1846-1848
Place: Mexico, Southwestern U.S.
People: James K. Polk, Zachary Taylor
Story: U.S. defeated Mexico, gaining vast territories.
Analysis:

Division: Debates over slavery’s expansion into new territories.

Secession: Intensified Southern desire to protect slavery in new lands.

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Wilmot Proviso (1846)

Time: 1846
Place: U.S. Congress
People: David Wilmot
Story: Proposed banning slavery in lands acquired from Mexico; failed in Senate.
Analysis:

Division: Split Congress along North-South lines.

Secession: Fueled Southern fears of slavery’s demise.

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First permanent British settlement in new world

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Compromise of 1850 / Fugitive Slave Law

Time: 1850
Place: Washington, D.C.
People: Henry Clay, Stephen Douglas, Millard Fillmore
Story: California entered as free state; Fugitive Slave Law strengthened.
Analysis:

Division: Raised tensions over slavery and its enforcement.

Secession: South felt betrayed by Northern resistance to fugitive slave laws.

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Abolitionist Movement

Time: 1830s-1860s
Place: Northern U.S.
People: Frederick Douglass, William Lloyd Garrison, Harriet Tubman
Story: Campaign to end slavery; included speeches, literature, and Underground Railroad.
Analysis:

Division: Deepened North-South divide on slavery.

Secession: South viewed abolitionists as a threat to their economy and way of life.