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What is the role the recent developments of artificial intelligence play in the entertainment industry of America?

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With the development of AI, thousands of artists across the country have become fearful of the machines that threaten their livelihoods. Artists are begging the government to regulate the inventions and developments that are taking place so that their concerns of AI replicating their roles in the industry. Key voices such as Marc Beeson, Justine Bateman, and Lilla Zuckerman are speaking up to battle on the front lines against the wave of technological advancements. As stated in the text, “television showrunner Lilla Zuckerman ("Poker Face") said her industry should declare war on what is "nothing more than a plagiarism machine" before Hollywood is ‘coopted by greedy and craven companies who want to take human talent out of entertainment’”. The contributions that artists have to the entertainment industry are unique, creative, and human; every artist has a voice of their own in their art and AI could steal that key component out of all future creations.

On the opposing side, technology companies are fighting for their rights to continue as they are because their AI training serves educational and transformative purposes. So far, courts have primarily sided with them.

Shira Perlmutter, the head of The U.S. Copyright Office, is in the eye of the storm as the debates over this topic rage on. She received thousands of comments everyday on the issue, but it might be more complicated than what meets the eye. Copyright laws are actively in place to protect human work, but AI tools blur those lines. As written in the article, “Perlmutter asks, as humans feed content into AI systems and give instructions to influence what comes out, ‘is there a point at which there's enough human involvement in controlling the expressive elements of the output that the human can be considered to have contributed authorship?’” It poses an interesting question that challenges a war on the world of creativity in the age of AI. Now, the copyright office must work to adjust to this new surge in AI-generated content.

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Protecting entertainment industry employees from the excessive replacement of humans with AI is essential to a just economy.

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O’Brien, Matt. “‘Please Regulate AI:’ Artists Push for U.S. Copyright Reforms but Tech Industry Says Not so Fast.” National Post, The Associated Press, 18 Nov. 2023, nationalpost.com/pmn/entertainment-pmn/please-regulate-ai-artists-push-for-u-s-copyright-reforms-but-tech-industry-says-not-so-fast.

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Major Points: The Careers of Artists are Threatened and Have Been Left Terrified

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Major Points: The Careers of Artists are Threatened and Have Been Left Terrified

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1. The disturbing amount of film AI is ingesting could crumble the structure of the entertainment industry and destroy the labor market

1. Justine Bateman, actor, and filmmaker, finds this consumption appalling and an act of thievery

2. New York Times and The Associated Press back up these notions

2. Hollywood wants to take human talent out of entertainment

1. Lilla Zuckerman's call to action for the entertainment industry to fight AI plagiarism

3. Potential damage when AI is put into the wrong hands

1. Marc Beeson, a songwriter is incredibly concerned over how AI can be conducted within the music industry.

2. Universal Music Group found AI to be “ravenous and poorly controlled”.

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Counter Arguments: Rights of the Technology Companies

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Counter Arguments: Rights of the Technology Companies

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1. Fair Use Doctrine

1. Tech companies like Google, Microsoft, and ChatGPT-maker OpenAI argue that their works under the Fair Use Doctrine which allows use for limited purposes.

2. Google's successful legal battle in 2016 defending their online book library

2. AI training aims for pattern identification, not the reproduction of works.

1. Courts are mostly siding with the tech companies

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Evidence:

Heidi Bond points out that fair use is the right to learn from books but during the Google legal battle, acquired legitimate copies from libraries and institutions while AI developers are collecting works through “outright piracy.”

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Mapping the argument of my source allowed me to easily interpret what was being said by the author. Oftentimes I will absorb words without making the connections between them. Through the argument map, I was able to think critically about their points and rewrite them into a plan view. From there, I was able to identify the main argument as well as their evidence for it, the counterargument of their point, and a rebuttal that was made against that. At the start, it wasn’t that simple. I was reading what was written without hearing the voice. In that state of mind, it becomes difficult to understand the contents of the article. On top of that, doubt over not being able to find what I needed plagued my mind. I can overthink things and sometimes even tunnel vision on one thing while the other key elements are right in front of me. But, with diligence, I was able to pull through and learn quite a lot. And yet, there is a lot more to learn. I would like to learn more about the specific steps the two opposing sides (artists vs technology companies) are taking to fight for their position. I would love to know the exact demands the artists have of the government as well as their employers and how they plan on convincing them so. Meanwhile, I haven’t learned too much about what the technology companies are doing to maintain their current standing while winning the favor of the public. There are a multitude of components that go into a battle and I want to hear about as many as can to get an ever better grasp on the situation.

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Interpretative Questions:

1. How have artists already been affected by the development of AI?

2. How are the artists and technology companies each advocating for their rights?

3. What specifically would happen to the economy if AI were to take over the job market?

More Sources:

1. Arditi, David. “Actors Are Demanding That Hollywood Catch up with Technological Changes in a Sequel to a 1960 Strike.” The Conversation, University of Texas Arlington, 17 July 2023, theconversation.com/actors-are-demanding-that-hollywood-catch-up-with-technological-changes-in-a-sequel-to-a-1960-strike-209829.

2. Branch, Boyd, Piotr Mirowski, and Kory W. Mathewson. "Collaborative storytelling with human actors and ai narrators." arXiv preprint arXiv:2109.14728 (2021).

3. Calamur, Harini. “A Balancing Act: Navigating The Intersection of AI & Human Creativity In The Entertainment Industry.” Free Press Journal, Free Press Journal, 17 Nov. 2023, www.freepressjournal.in/analysis/a-balancing-act-navigating-the-intersection-of-ai-human-creativity-in-the-entertainment-industry.

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Artificial intelligence (AI)

Definition: Machines with the intellect of a human.

Relation: Artists are fearful that AI will take over their role in the entertainment industry leaving them jobless.

Copyright Infringement

Definition: As defined by the U.S. copyright office itself, copyright infringement is "when a copyrighted work is reproduced, distributed, performed, publicly displayed, or made into a derivative work without the permission of the copyright owner".

Relation: Artists argue that AI systems are taking in and reproducing their work without permission which could potentially violate these laws.

Fair Use Doctrine

Definition: A legal doctrine that allows for the use of copyrighted material without asking in certain capacities.

Relation: The Fair Use Doctrine plays a major role in deciding the legality of tech companies and their use of copyrighted material to train AI.