# data[].attributes.body
https://www.readingrockets.org/books/interviews/cleary

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
An Interview with Beverly Cleary | Reading Rockets

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Have you ever wanted to ask author Beverly Cleary a question about her much-loved books, the vivid characters she created, or her life as a writer? We asked our readers and you responded with more than 500 entries, and we selected about a baker’s dozen for Mrs. Cleary to answer. Listen in as Mrs. Cl…

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/the-story-of-laszlo-biro-the-man-who-invented-the-ballpoint-pen-30631082/

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
The pen may be mightier than the sword, but when Jewish-Hungarian journalist László Bíró invented the ballpoint pen in the 1930s clichéd sayings were probably the last thing on his mind.

In 1938, says the Wall Street Journal, "a simple but remarkable invention came into a world about to be convulsed by death and destruction."

In their review of György Moldova's book Ballpoint, which chronicles the life of Bíró, the Journal says,

We see Bíró refining the pen and experimenting with recipes for the ink paste essential to his concept while fleeing dangers that seemed to chase him across Europe as war brewed and then broke out.

In the early 1930s, while working as a journalist and artist, Bíró noticed that newspaper ink dried much more quickly than that from a fountain pen. The stylistic writing of a fountain pen uses liquid ink, which needs to flow from the tip to the page. The quick-drying ink used by printing presses was too thick to drip.

Contemplating the problem of how to deliver thick, quick-drying ink to a paper surface without requiring the ink to flow, Bíró saw a possible answer: closing the end of the pen instead of using a nib, leaving an opening with just enough room for a tiny metal ball that would spin against the ink in the reservoir, distributing it to the paper.

The basic design of the ballpoint pen persists to this day, but Bíró's financial stake did not last nearly so long. In the years that followed, the inventor slowly lost shares in his company.

t one point he had to choose between keeping his remaining shares or selling them to help his family flee to Argentina. Understandably, he had no regrets about bartering to save lives. Yet Mr. Moldova rightly emphasizes the ultimate irony that "the inventor who conducted the thousands of experiments needed to perfect the ballpoint pen ended up without a penny of stock in the factory where they had taken place." Inventors, beware!

More from Smithsonian.com:
Mr. Jefferson's Writing Box

Like this article?
SIGN UP for our newsletter

About Colin Schultz

Colin Schultz is a freelance science writer and editor based in Toronto, Canada. He blogs for Smart News and contributes to the American Geophysical Union. He has a B.Sc. in physical science and philosophy, and a M.A. in journalism.

Read more from this author | Follow @_ColinS_

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
The Story of László Bíró, the Man Who Invented the Ballpoint Pen

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The pen may be mightier than the sword, but when Jewish-Hungarian journalist László Bíró invented the ballpoint pen in the 1930s clichéd sayings were probably the last thing on his mind. In 1938, says the Wall Street Journal , "a simple but remarkable invention came into a world about to be convulsed by death and destruction."

# data[].attributes.body
Go to her institute
https://www.janegoodall.org/
Read Jane's Story

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. By clicking "Accept", you consent to the use of ALL the cookies.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. By clicking "Accept", you consent to the use of ALL the cookies.

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/bombing-of-hiroshima-and-nagasaki

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki - Causes, Impact & Lives Lost

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
On August 6, 1945, during World War II (1939-45), an American B-29 bomber dropped the world’s first deployed atomic bomb over the Japanese city of Hiroshima, immediately killing 80,000 people. Three days later, a second bomb was dropped on Nagasaki, killing an estimated 40,000 people.

# data[].attributes.body
Focus on Characters Thoughts, Feelings, Actions. In a notebook focus two pages on the characters in this story. What is the problem between the characters?

# data[].attributes.body
RESEARCH THE FLORIDA EVERGLADES
LEARN ABOUT THE PLANTS AND ANIMALS THAT LIVE THERE

http://theevergladesstory.org/education/

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Florida Everglades Documentary - Water’s Journey: Everglades

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Water’s Journey: Florida Everglades is an exciting film and photo documentary about Florida’s Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP), the world’s largest wetlands ecosystem restoration project.

# data[].attributes.body
Gray
Shelby
Arianna
Josh
Mateo
Logan