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- Rodney King had led police on a chase through the streets of Los Angeles County. Police officers Laurence Powell,  Theodore Briseno, and Timothy Wind had brutally beaten King, while not realizing that a civilian was recording on his personal camera. This video showcased the police beating King with batons and kicking him long past resistance.

-The video was then released to the press and caused nationwide outrage, triggering the debate on police brutality.

- Protests in south-central Los Angeles blocked freeway traffic and beat motorists, wrecked and looted numerous downtown stores and buildings, and set more than 100 fires

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- While heading up to the podium to receive their gold and bronze medals, American runners Tommie Smith and John Carlos raised their fists (which were in black gloves) for the Black Power movement (that was talked about earlier). This resulted in their expulsion from the games and being banned from both future US and Olympic Games.

- This was (of course) for the Black Power movement, which was gaining popularity for its more 'radical ideas'. Using the Olympic medal ceremony to show solidarity with oppressed Black people worldwide impacted both the professional and the personal lives of Smith and Carlos for years afterward

- When the US Olympic Committee refused to put the white and the black athletes together (which was why they did the salt in the first place), The Olympics threatened to ban the entire US track team. This threat led to the expulsion of the two black athletes from the Games and the US Team.

- While this is more obscure and a lot less violent than what the Black Power movement was known for, it showed that there was segregation and inequality were still extremely prominent even outside of the US. But it also brought to light that African-Americans were going to fight for their rights, even if they get expelled from important events.

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- Before his death, younger (arguably more radical) activists like Malcolm X were becoming more popular and more influential than his movements. As a result of this opposition, King sought to widen his appeal beyond his own race, speaking out publicly against the Vietnam War and working to form a coalition of poor Americans—Black and white alike—to address such issues as poverty and unemployment.

- His assassination led to an outpouring of anger among Black Americans, as well as a period of national mourning that helped speed the way for an equal housing bill that would be the last significant legislative achievement of the civil rights era. Black and white people alike mourned his death, as he impacted both of the communities in ways that may never be recreated.

- It showed that even when hate continued to flourish in some areas, people could come together and create positive changes, both locally and nationally.

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Watts Riots/ Kerner Commission (Aug 11, 1965 – Aug 16, 1965)

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Watts Riots/ Kerner Commission (Aug 11, 1965 – Aug 16, 1965)

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- The arrest of an African American man, Marquette Frye, by a white California Highway Patrol officer on suspicion of driving while intoxicated. The riot had lasted 6 days and resulted in over 30 deaths occured and more than forty million dollars worth of property damage. The Kerner commission focused on investigating the causes of the urban riots. They had realized that the nation was “moving toward two societies, one black, one white—separate and unequal.

- There was a community meeting helmed by Watts leaders, including representatives from churches, local government and the NAACP, with police in attendance, designed to bring calm to the situation.

- Local leaders requested the police dispatch more Black police, but this was turned down by the Los Angeles Police Department Chief William H. Parker, who was prepared to call the National Guard.

- Inspired the federal government to implement programs to address unemployment, education, healthcare, and housing under Lyndon B.

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Black Panthers (Founded in October of 1966)

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Black Panthers (Founded in October of 1966)

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- The party's original purpose was to patrol African American neighborhoods to protect residents from acts of police brutality. They were influenced by the speeches of Malcolm X and the Nation of Islam, as well as the teachings of Chairman Mao Tse-Tung of the Communist Party of China, and the anti-colonialist book The Wretched of the Earth.
However, despite its militant stance, the BPP also provided free breakfast for school children, sickle cell anemia screening, legal aid, and adult education.

- Because of its practice of armed self-defense against police, as well as its Communistic and revolutionary elements, the BPP was frequently targeted by the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s COINTELPRO program as well as by state and local law enforcement groups.

- Similar to Malcolm X, the Black Panthers emphasized militaristic and armed policies, they were seen as radicals by both white and Black people. However, their policies created a lot of change (both positive and negative) that was overall positive to the CRT movements.

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- Malcolm X is an African American leader known for his role in the Civil rights movement. He was a minister and advocate of  black nationalism, urging many Africans to protect and defend themselves “by any means necessary.”

- Malcolm's character and view had helped him achieve national prominence in the Nation of Islam, a belief system that merged Islam with Black nationals

- Malcolm's political stance had caused the FBI to surveillance him regularly. J. Edgar Hoover had told New York’s agency to “do something about Malcolm X.”

- At the time, people were adamant on protesting peacefully, but many people began fighting back and defending themselves against racial segregation.

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This movement emphasized racial pride, economic empowerment, and the creation of political and cultural institutions. Also during this time there was a huge push for Black history classes and a greater embrace and expression of African culture.

- The Black Power movement included groups such as the Nation of Islam (NOI), Deacons for Defense and Justice, and the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense (BPP) as well as people like Malcolm X, Stokely Carmichael, Elaine Brown, Angela Davis, Fred Hampton, Amiri Baraka, and Shirley Chisholm.

- Much of this movement was disliked by white people because it emphasized Black ideas and cultures (which were already iffy with white people at this time) and it emphasized a little more “violence” (or at least self defense) than what was really liked by white people.

- It was one of the first Black movements that was in favor of “violence”. But it wasn’t violence, it was self-defense, which meant that if someone (ie a white person) slapped you, then you had full permission to defend yourself from being slapped.