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March 3, 1865  Freedmen’s Bureau created

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March 3, 1865  Freedmen’s Bureau created

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- An act that provided food, shelter, clothing, and medical services to southerners and newly freed African Americans
- This was only to happen during the present war and one year after

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April 15, 1865 Abraham Lincoln is assassinated 

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April 15, 1865 Abraham Lincoln is assassinated 

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- John Wilkes Booth who is a famous actor and a confederate sympathizer,assasinated President Abraham Lincoln at Ford's Theatre in washington D.C
-  This happened 5 days after Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered his massive army at Appomattox Court House, Virginia which ended the american civil war

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April 15, 1865 Andrew Johnson becomes president 

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April 15, 1865 Andrew Johnson becomes president 

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-  He gave the white south a free hand in regulating the transition from slavery to freedom
- He did not let black people have any role in the politics of the south
- He offered a pardon to all white southeners except confedertae leaders and wealthy planters, even though they later recieved individual pardons

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- The end of the civil war marked the end of slavery, but the freedmen had little resources to support themselves

- White southerners wanting to still control freedmen devised laws that were blantant attempts to restore slavery

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- This abolished slavery within the United States and any place under their authority
- Congress made former confederate states ratify the ammendment as a condition of regaining federal reprensation

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- This was a white southern group that did not like the rebublican party becasue they supported economic equality for african americans
- they used intimidation and violence against African Americans and republican leaders

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- This act declared that all people born in the united stastes are deemd citizens, without distinction of race or color, or previous conditions of slavery or involuntary servitude
- President Johnson vetoed this legislation, but it was overturned by the 39th United States Congress

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- Memphis erupted ina 3 day violence becasue a white police officer attempterd to arrest a black ex- soldier and then about 50 black people showed up to stop the police officer.

-This escalted quicly and someone let off a gun shot which made things even more heated

- intitilaly only black soldiers were targets but then other black people were being attacked along with their houses and school etc..

-White northerners who worked as missonaries and teachers  in black schools were also targeted

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March 2, 1867 - March 11, 1868 Reconstruction Acts of 1867

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March 2, 1867 - March 11, 1868 Reconstruction Acts of 1867

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- The first reconstruction act divided the confederate states except tennessee into 5 military districts

-Each governed by a union general empowered to appoint and remove state officials.

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June 1870 Treaty of Annexation of Santo Domingo

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June 1870 Treaty of Annexation of Santo Domingo

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-  This is a failed American treaty attempt by president  Ulysses S. Grant

- The goal was to add what is now know as the Dominican Republic as a united states territory, with the promise of eventual satehood

- The president was worried the some European powers would try to take the land in violation of the Monroe Doctrine, he thought that annexation would be a saftey valve for emapncipated black people who were suffering american prosecution but he never included that in his official message

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July 28, 1868 14th Amendment is ratified

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July 28, 1868 14th Amendment is ratified

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- This ammendment grants citizenship to anyone born in the united states, this incliuded slaves freed after the civil war

-This ammendment was rejected by most southern states but was ratified by the three-fourths of the states

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- He tried hard to protect the right of former enslaved people and expand republican influence over the region while also trying to avoid another civil war

-He signed the 15th amendment, which granted men the right to vote regardless of color

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Winter 1868: Southern Constitutional Conventions including freedman

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Winter 1868: Southern Constitutional Conventions including freedman

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-  Delegates announced officially the need for black inclusivity in the political and judicial process

- 49 of the delegates were white, with two thirds of those being originally from the South. 72 delegates were African American

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February 3, 1870 15th Amendment is ratified

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February 3, 1870 15th Amendment is ratified

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- This ammendment granted african american men the right to vote

- For more than 50 years, majority of African American citizens were reduced to second-class citizenship under the Jim Crow segregation system.

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-  62-153 black militia men were killed while surrendering to a mob of former Confederate soldiers and members of the KKK

- African-Americans were killed by  the Ku Klux Klan who tried to reinforce policies of white supremacy.

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1875 Mississippi Plan or “Shotgun Policy”

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1875 Mississippi Plan or “Shotgun Policy”

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- Mississippi democrats were trying to over throw Republican rule through intimidation, violence, and paramilitary groups

- They organized threats of violence and supression of the black vote in order to regain control of the legislators and goveners office