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Out of the thirteen states only twelve sent delegates to Philadelphia. There were 74 delegates sent in total but only 55 of them actually showed up. These people were known as the Farmers of the Constitution. Many of these men fought in the Revolution, seven had been State governors, and eight had signed the Declaration of Independence.

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The Virginia Plan was made in order to have a set, higher power government in place. This plan originated due to Virginia having a larger population of people, therefore stating that they need more delegates to represent themselves. A state with a larger population of individuals carries different needs than one that is smaller. It was a government made up of many delegates chosen by the people.

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The New Jersey plan, a counter proposition to the Virginia Plan, attempted to keep things equal. The delegates of New Jersey proposed that all states should have an equal number of representatives to speak on their behalf. This was due to the fact they did not want to be overtaken by larger states, or allow them to get higher funding per the governments spending.

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There were three Connecticut delegates Roger Sherman, Oliver Ellsworth, and William Samuel Johnson. They presented their compromise to the convention as a means to end the deadlock between the supporters of the rival New Jersey and Virginia plans. Roger Sherman was the most active member during the convention and was actively defending the rights for smaller States. He was also the main architect of the Connecticut Compromise. The compromise suggest that Congress should be made up of two houses. The agreement pleased the the smaller States and that allowed the to support the creation of a strong government.

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Throughout the states, it was evenly distributed between federalists and anti-federalists. Due to the population and wealth of Virginia, their vote was seen as very important. New York was also a crucial state because they had the most to offer in changes.  Both New York and Virginia only agreed to sign on this ratification process if the government was limited in power.

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The Federalists wanted a strong central government. Federalists primarily are made up of individuals from cities and or more wealthy people. These people put in a lot of money to assist the government, so they were hoping that this style of a strong central government would repay their debts. Federalists in other words were more power and success hungry. The Anti-Federalists felt that a larger government would mean that they would not have the same freedoms as larger states would. They did not want the government to over tax them or revoke their rights due to them having less population and less representitives. In the end, Federalists won due to the unorganization of the Anti-Federalists.

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Most of the delegates from the southern States argued that enslaved people should be counted in order to find the populations of States. Most of the northern States argued the opposite.  The arguing continued about enslaved people counting so the Farmers agreed to the Three-Fifths Compromise. It stated that all "free people" should be counted and so should "three fifths of all other persons". Which meant the southern States could count enslaved people but they would have to pay for them.

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Southerners knew that Congress would be controlled more by northerners and that they would act against the interest of the agricultural South. They were fearful that Congress would try to pay for the new government out of export duties and southern tobacco was a major export at the time. Also they were fearful that Congress would interfere with the slave trade. Before they commerce the power, the southerners insisted on certain protections. The protections were that Congress did not have the power to tax the export goods from any State. Also they were forbidden the power to act on the slave trade.