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1922 Benito Mussolini Becomes Dictator of Italy

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1922 Benito Mussolini Becomes Dictator of Italy

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Mussolini created a fascist government and wanted to bring back the glory days of the ancient Roman Empire

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The Soviet Union is established and by 1930s Joseph Stalin is the leader of the Soviet Union

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Lack of confidence in market led to crash that then left millions of people poor and homeless which started the Great Depression

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FDR passed a lot of bills to try to support people and to start trade to get the economy back to get the U.S. out of Depression

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The Olympics took place in Berlin which was a difficult time. Hitler and the Nazi party recently took power and questions were raised about their racial policies.

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Once named chancellor, Hitler quickly created a government with facism and he was very powerful.

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German troops were sent by Hitler to occupy Rhineland. The League of Nations did nothing to stop them.

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German troops invaded Poland on September 1st of 1939. Days later, the UK and France declared war on Germany.

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Over the course of the war, the United States gave about $50 billion in war supplies to more than 40 Allied nations. At the same time, Roosevelt prepared for war. He got funding from Congress for ships and planes, and started the first peacetime draft.

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In 1941, Japan began to occupy bases in southern Indochina (now Vietnam and Cambodia). The United States protested by halting trade with Japan and freezing its financial assets. This stopped Japan from getting the one thing its leaders could not live without—oil for their armed forces.

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The UK and France had been fighting Germany since 1939. In 1940, Italy entered the war on the side of Germany and the Axis powers. France surrendered to Germany in 1940. The UK fought on alone, led by Prime Minister Winston Churchill.

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In June 1941, Hitler launched an invasion of the Soviet Union. Under the leadership of Joseph Stalin, the Soviets joined the Allies and fought back against Germany.

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They gave the mission the code name of Operation Overlord. D-Day, or invasion day, came on June 6, 1944.Early that morning, about 176,000 troops, 4,000 landing craft, 600 warships, and almost 14,000 planes left England for the beaches of Normandy, on the coast of German-occupied France.

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By April 30, 1945, Hitler knew the war was lost. Rather than surrender, the German dictator committed suicide in his Berlin headquarters. A week later, Germany surrendered, and throughout the Allied countries, people celebrated V-E Day (Victory in Europe Day). But the struggle was not over—the Pacific war still raged.

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May 1942, a huge Japanese fleet headed for Midway Island in the Pacific. From that point, Japanese forces could easily invade Hawaii. Although outnumbered, U.S. bombers attacked the Japanese fleet again and again. By the end of the Battle of Midway, Japan had lost four aircraft carriers and 322 planes. Never again would Japan directly threaten the United States. The tide of battle in the Pacific had turned.

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On August 15, 1945, Americans celebrated V-J Day (Victory in Japan Day). After signing the surrender treaty, American general Douglas MacArthur announced, “A great victory has been won. The skies no longer rain death—the seas bear only commerce—men everywhere walk upright in the sunlight. The entire world is quietly at peace.”

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