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https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/curbs-may-hit-supplies-fuel-inflation-rbi/articleshow/82267117.cms

India's increase in covid cases, may entail supply shocks, which may consequently result in inflationary pressures
- Uncertainty regarding the future due to a resurgence in COVID CASES

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https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-04-28/inflation-cpi-march-quarter-abs/100100276

- Lower price inflations than expected have meant that the Australian government can hold off on its interest-rate increase policy.
- The pandemic has caused fuel prices of fuel, labor, and natural resources to rise because of shortages.

https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-04-29/turkey-s-central-banker-lifts-inflation-outlook-amid-lira-slide

- Turkey is facing lots of price inflation due to the pandemic. Authorities estimate an inflation rate as high as 19%.
- "Consumer-price growth will finish the year at 12.2%, compared with a previous forecast of 9.4%, he said Thursday, unveiling the first inflation report of his central banking career."
- The current governor believes that "higher interest rates spur, rather than curb" inflation, an unorthodox view on inflation policies.

https://www.cnbc.com/2021/04/28/fed-holds-interest-rates-near-zero-sees-faster-growth-and-higher-inflation.html

- Despite the growing interest rates in the US, the Federal Reserves are still not raising interest rates.
- Officials believe that any increasing prices are temporary and therefore will not need to be addressed.
- Inflation rates are estimated to be 2.05% in 2021, 2% in 2022, 2.1% in 2023, and 2.2% in 2024.

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https://www.afr.com/chanticleer/why-central-bankers-won-t-be-laughing-at-suez-mess-20210325-p57dwl

- Suez Canal blocked creates a supply shock, so inefficient allocation of resources, damage to export competitiveness, and creates uncertainty.

https://www.forbes.com/advisor/personal-finance/stimulus-packages-throw-money-at-financial-crises-but-do-they-actually-help-the-economy/

- Will the government allocated stimulus packages harm or help the economy? Inefficient allocation of resources? Uncertainty in consumer spending? Effects on savings?

https://www.bangkokpost.com/business/2015847/millions-register-for-governments-50-50-scheme

- Government subsidy to stimulate consumption. However, some companies are profiting off the 50-50 program: impact on economic growth, effects savings, and inefficient allocation of resources.

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Costs of a high inflation rate;

Uncertainty

redistributive effects

effects on saving,

damage to export competitiveness

impact on economic growth

inefficient resource allocation

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https://www.cnbc.com/2021/04/21/inflation-could-hit-3-4percent-in-the-middle-of-2022-strategist-david-roche.html

There is uncertainty in whether inflation could increase to 3 - 4 % due to increased demand because of optimistic consumer expectations for the market in the future and inefficiencies due to a "big government".

The news also says that people are not prepared for this inflation which is a sign of money illusion and people may be consuming based on their nominal income without taking into consideration their real income which accounts for the increased inflation.

This can be seen through the quote: "huge demand as consumers spend the excess savings which they have accumulated", supporting the point made above.

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http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20210428000198&np=1&mp=1

- Impact of covid 19 on the export of South Korea, which shrink their their overseas sales shrink 4 % in 2020

https://www.cnbc.com/2021/04/28/australian-q1-consumer-prices-and-inflation-data.html

Australian consumer prices rose by much less than expected in the first quarter partly due to government subsidies for home building, while a very tame reading for core inflation suggested monetary policy would stay super loose for a long time to come. (uncertainty, impact on economic growth )

https://qz.com/india/2001864/indias-central-bank-warns-of-high-inflation-amid-new-covid-wave/

inflation rise due to covid 19 in India.

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https://edition.cnn.com/2021/04/13/economy/consumer-inflation-march/index.html

- Consumer prices for March rose 2.6% compared to the same month last year. They were lifted in particular by surging energy prices, including the cost of gasoline — which jumped 22.5% over the last 12 months ending in March.

- Higher inflation is a good sign for the economic recovery in this case. But investors worry that sudden price spikes will force the Federal Reserve to adjust its loose money policies sooner than hoped, which would be bad news for the stock market.

https://www.bangkokpost.com/business/2046187/inflation-to-remain-muted-until-april

"This year's headline inflation is expected to improve from demand factors including government stimulus measures to increase purchasing power and higher demand from both domestic and foreign markets, which is beneficial to exports of products and services,"

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Inflation’s Mixed Basket: 7 Things That Will Cost You More—And 3 That Will Cost You Less—In The Covid Recovery Economy

IB Aim:
Uncertainty + effects on saving: the pandemic has brought about a lot of uncertainty in the economy, and spending habits are changing.

Cost more:

Alcohol

A used car

Decreased production of new cars

Baby care, feminine care and adult incontinence products

Because of rising commodity costs

Home gardening supplies

Increased demand during the pandemic

A house

Increased demand

Household appliances

Increase in demand

Lumber

Surge in 'homebuilding' projects

Cost less:

Clothing and shoe prices

Decreased demand

Loans

Low interest rates

Electronics and computer equipment

Falling prices

"87% of American adults said they were “very” or “somewhat” concerned about rising costs of household expenses. And some are changing their spending habits already, with 27% of people reporting that they had been buying less because prices are higher."

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https://cointelegraph.com/news/possible-bitcoin-treasury-adoption-as-more-companies-cite-inflation-concerns

As the inflation in the US is expecting to continue its upward trends at least in short term, more US companies might convert some of their cash reserves to Bitcoin.

For example, Tesla has announced that it has purchased about $1.5 billion worth of Bitcoin.

Another example might be Michael Saylor's firm that is now holding more than 90,000 BTC which value more than $5 billion. As the asset has gone up almost 5 times since August 2020.

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Philippine inflation quickens to 4.2 percent in January

- Impact on economic growth - farms gone bankrupt due to shortages in supply and high prices, less consumers are purchasing, not enough revenue
- inefficient resource allocation - inefficient allocation of commodities and food

"The Philippines stands out among major Southeast Asian economies for seeing prices of commodities continue to rise. Other countries are even seeing deflation as the COVID-19 pandemic depressed demand."

UK inflation driven up by rising cost of petrol and clothes

"Economists expect inflation to rise further after lockdown amid a burst of pent-up demand for goods and services, fuelled by £180bn in additional savings built up by mainly wealthier households while large parts of the economy were closed"

"Supply pressures linked to disruption to global trade – caused by Covid-19 restrictions and Brexit – are also expected to push up inflation"

- impact on economic growth
- effects on saving

Inflation figures show consumer prices rose less than economists feared

"A lower-than-expected rise in consumer prices takes further pressure off the Reserve Bank to raise interest rates before 2024, but commercial lenders are sensing a shift in the economy and starting to raise longer-term fixed mortgage rates."

"We've had some serious supply issues for general materials such as bricks, cement and even piping," he told ABC's The Business program.

The increased demand is pushing up prices for those materials, but he has not yet been able to pass those costs on, meaning they have not shown up in CPI.

"So we were pricing jobs last year in July and August, and then now they've come into fruition, we're having to wear the price increases," Mr Letizia explained.

"Rising fuel prices were the bigger contributor to inflation over the March quarter, jumping 8.7 per cent, including 7 per cent last month alone."

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Lebanon Inflation - https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-02-11/lebanese-inflation-hits-record-high-as-food-prices-soar-400

-impact on both consumption and production
- Impact on economic growth
-Uncertaintity

https://www.caixinglobal.com/2021-04-27/opinion-how-china-should-respond-to-the-risk-of-inflation-imported-from-the-us-101700509.html

impact on economic growth

inefficient resource allocation

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https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-08-15/zimbabwe-annual-inflation-soars-to-837-statistics-agency-says
- News on Zimbabwe's inflation rate.
- Inefficient resource allocation
- impact on economic growth.

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Higher petrol prices drive up cost of living in March

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Higher petrol prices drive up cost of living in March

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https://www.bbc.com/news/business-56827268

This is UK inflation news

The following quotes can help link to the IB Aim of uncertainty, effects on saving, impact on economic growth
"...the risk that interest rates rise, making the public finances unsustainable."
"...a one percentage point rise in interest rates would add around £20bn to the cost of servicing the debt."

The following quote can help to discuss redistributive effects. Because the rise in energy bills is likely to have a greater negative impact on low income families;
"Domestic energy bills are also rising."