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We have found plenty of information that relates and explains all the things we have learned about Susie. The main chapter we found that relates the most to Susie would be learning and memory. Her seizure seems to have correlated or lead to many developmental issues in her memory and learning according to the research that we gathered. She struggles with semantic memory and retrieval failure most likely due to damages to the hypocampus due to a grand mal seizure. She has imitated the behaviors of her parents and has applied it to social interactions with others. Many of the issues in her parent's parenting styles have contributed to her struggles in her social life and understanding others. From our findings we know that an unstable family environment correlates to many different issues and disorders in children and Susie was not exposed to a very stable environment. In conclusion her environment and parents behavior contributed greatly to her struggles and issues with social behaviors, emotions, personality, and perspective. Her seizure contributed mostly to her cognitive and memory issues.

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Susie seems to form most of her attitudes from child-rearing and direct contact. The way her parents have acted and have avoided conflict, such as her dad leaving, may also cause Susie to give up and quit trying when situations are difficult.

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Chance conditioning is "learning that takes place by luck or coincidence", and child-rearing is "the effects of parental values, beliefs and practices" (Coon, Mitterer & Martini, 2019, p.520).

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Having a better reference group could help Susie.  The book showed evidence of this when they explained that conservative people were able to change their views after going to a liberal school and having their point of focus switch to their peers (Coon, Mitterer & Martini, 2019, p.521).

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Susie's reference group is most likely her family because she doesn't do well in social interactions with others. Her mother is probably her main point of focus because her mother spanks them, and Susie hits her sisters. Her mother seems to have a poor attitude and Susie seems to also.

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A reference group is "any group that an individual uses as a standard for social comparison" (Coon, Mitterer & Martini, 2019, p.521).

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Susie has trouble relating to others and understanding peoples' motives and comparing people and their actions. It follows her into her social life as she struggles to make friends and relate to or understand others.

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"Social Cognition is the process of thinking about ourselves and others in a social context (Happe,  Cook, & Bird, 2017; Shook,2013)" (Coon, Mitterer & Martini, 2019, p.516).

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According to Coon, Mitterer & Martini, attitudes can be formed from direct contact, chance conditioning, group membership, child-rearing, interaction with others, and/or the media (Coon, Mitterer & Martini, 2019, p.520).

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Susie seems to struggle with being obdient to authority figures in her life such as her teacher.

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"Is compliance with a request from an authority figure" (Coon, Mitterer & Martini, 2019, p.529.

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Susie believes that her teacher tells her what to do to boss her around, not to help her grow. This in turn influences her to be more disobedient.

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"The act of assigning a cause to a behavior" (Coon, Mitterer & Martini, 2019, p.517).

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Susie plays the role of  a caretaker because her parents don't support or care for her well, and she plays the role of a child/sibling. She is being forced to bear the responsibilities of a parent instead of having a somewhat easy going nature of a child

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These are when you try to occupy two or more roles that make conflicting demands on behavior (Coon, Mitterer & Martini, 2019, p.515).

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Children who are exposed to both genetic risk factors and environmental risk factors at home are more likely to develop antisocial traits/behaviors than children who do not experience these factors in their home. (Boutwell, Franklin, Barnes & Beaver, 2011).

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Susie does not receive a lot of praise or love so we can infer that she has a very low self-esteem of herself.

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We know that Susie is motivated by mainly extrinsic motivation and she has difficulties solving tricky problems and coming up with her own ideas.

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This could explain why Susie gets very aroused when her teacher tries to teach or mentor her, because she perceives the situation as her teacher telling her what to do in a negative connotation.

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Susie seems to not have an equal balance of moving toward, away from, and against others. She seems to mostly move away and against rather than move toward.

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This is because she demonstrates many of the qualities of these groups such as aggressive, pessimistic, reserved, and unsociable (Coon, Mitterer & Martini, 2019, p.391).

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Susie's mother's temperament aggressive and negative and was her father's. Also, her home life and environment was unstable so it is clear to see why Susie may also be negative and unstable.

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Nature vs Nurture is the principle used to describe hereditary and environmental factors that contribute to ones personality/development. Hereditary is responsible for about 50% of the variation in personality traits (Coon, Mitterer & Martini, 2019, p.407).
"Exposure to risky environments, when coupled with a genetic vulnerability, may increase the likelihood that a child will develop conduct problems and persistent antisocial behavior." (Boutwell, Franklin, Barnes & Beaver, 2011).

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A balance in moving toward (depending on others for love, support, or friendship), away from (withdrawing and either being a loner or independent), and against (attacking, competing with, or seeking power over others) others (Coon, Mitterer & Martini, 2019, p.398).

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Unstable, Extroverted, Stable, or Introverted?

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Unstable, Extroverted, Stable, or Introverted?

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Based on Eyesnk's two factor theory of personality, we can come to the conclusion that Susie leans on the unstable, introverted side rather than extroverted or stable.

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The book mentions how people who are loved, admired, and respected tend to have high self-esteems (Coon, Mitterer & Martini, 2019, p.382).

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Susie is most likely more of an introvert because she has difficulties in social interaction (Coon, Mitterer & Martini, 2019, p.381).

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Emotions are influenced by ones perception on an event (Coon, Mitterer & Martini, 2019, p.339)

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According to the book, "When extrinsic motivation is stressed, people are less likely to solve tricky problems and come up with innovative ideas ( Hennessey & Amabile, 2010)" (Coon, Mitterer & Martini, 2019, p.317).

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We can tell that Susie struggles with relatedness because she is unable to relate and understand people. Susie has lots of extrinsic motivation because she does her actions based on obligation, approval, and work, such as caring for herself.

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States that we are all motivated by three innate motives: competence, autonomy, and relatedness. (Coon, Mitterer & Martini, 2019, p.317)

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Susie's most basic needs such as belonging, love, security, and more are not fully met. This causes Susie to not be able to fully be content or the best version of herself. (Coon, Mitterer & Martini, 2019, p.316)

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We know that Susie has difficulties in school and her family/social life. We can assume that Susie's emotions are poor because of her situation in life, therefore; she lacks the motivation required to excel in school.

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Why are motivation and emotion grouped together?

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Why are motivation and emotion grouped together?

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Emotion and Motivation bounce back in forth in the sense that if you are not well motivated your emotions may be poor and vice versa.

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Knutson and DeGarmo concluded that aggression and antisocial behavior were the most commonly reported outcomes for both physically abused and neglected children (2004).

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Parenting Styles; Authoritarian, Permissive, or Both?

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Parenting Styles; Authoritarian, Permissive, or Both?

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Susie's parents seem to be permissive parents by basically letting Susie do whatever she wants instead of enforcing rules. By allowing Susie to have her way almost all of the time, Susie feels entitled and doesn't like when others tell her what to do. This could be why she takes her teachers comments personally (Coon, Mitterer & Martini, 2019, p.102)
Her mom seems to also authoritarian to some degree because she spanks her children.
Susie's father is permissive neglectful due to leaving her and the family.

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During Susie's early years she was developing mistrust because her parents were rejecting and didn't meet her basic needs. According to Erikson, "basic mistrust may lead to insecurity, suspiciousness, or an inability to relate to others in life". (Coon, Mitterer & Martini, 2019, p.99)

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It is mentioned that Susie's parents fought often and that her Dad left her at an early age. A warm family atmosphere is a crucial part in forming secure attachments.(Coon, Mitterer & Martini, 2019, p.98)

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"A lack of affectionate care early in life leaves a lasting emotional impact well into adulthood"..."a warm family atmosphere includes sensitive mothering and fathering".(Coon, Mitterer & Martini, 2019,p.98)

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During the sensitive period we can assume that Susie's needs were not met because her mother admits to being inattentive. This can cause negative attachment styles.

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Seizures can cause damage to the cells of the hippocampus (Sloviter, R. S., 1987, p.73).

The hippocampus is responsible for the brain's memory and the ability to switch between the short and long term memory. Any damage that occurs in the hippocampus can affect the neurons, which can affect how well the brain can retrieve what we learned. (Coon, Mitterer & Martini, 2019, p.248)

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Susie is bad at recalling, but good at recognizing.

She can choose multiple choice but can't think of the answer on her own. she has issues with accessibility. We would consider this TOT (Tip of the Tongue). (Coon, Mitterer & Martini, 2019,
p.239)

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Susie does not have that strong of a semantic memory.
This part of memory is made up by impersonal knowledge/basic knowledge such as simple math skills. (Coon, Mitterer & Martini, 2019, p. 238)

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She can do math right then, but forgets quickly. which tells us what she is learning in math does not transfer to short-term memory. (Coon, Mitterer & Martini, 2019, p.230)

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"Harsh punishments can lead to negative emotional reactions, avoidance and escape behaviors, and increased aggression" (Coon, Mitterer & Martini, 2019, p.214, p.215)

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Susie learned through imitating her moms behavior to start hitting her sister possibly. (Coon, Mitterer & Martini, 2019,
p.220)

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Being aggressive or mean has gotten her attention from her parents

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Being aggressive or mean has gotten her attention from her parents

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We know that Susie's mom doesn't pay much attention to her. However, her mom does spank her for bad behavior. Attention is better than being ignored so perhaps she was positively punished by her mom to behave badly or aggressively.

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Learning= permanent change in behavior from EXPERIENCE (Coon, Mitterer & Martini, 2019,
p.196).

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What has Susie learned from her experiences?

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Her smell receptors would send signals to her brain that triggers these memories.  (Coon, Mitterer & Martini, 2019, P.133)

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Whenever she would smell her father's cologne, she would begin to cry.

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Because of past experiences and what she has learned discipline to be like, she is  most likely unable to accurately perceive and understand her teachers motives when trying to correct her behavior.

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Expectations, motives, emotions, and learning altering perception

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Expectations, motives, emotions, and learning altering perception

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Past experiences alter the way someone perceives something. As well as personal motives, emotions, and learned behavior (Coon, Mitterer & Martini, 2019, p.158)

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Susie has trouble coming up with her own answers.

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The prefrontal cortex is responsible for our executive functions thought process. (Coon, Mitterer & Martini, 2019, P.70)

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Susie's relationship with her father has left her with issues.

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This could be a result from her prefrontal cortex being damage during her grand mal seizure when she was four.

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Susie Hanover is a young girl, most likely in elementary. She seems to have many psychological, social, and learning difficulties. She has had a disturbed family life for most or all of her life. As an infant, her mom failed to meet her needs and Susie seems to need to care for herself. She had a grand mal seizure at the young age of four. Her father left two years ago and it still bothers her to this day. Her mother's disciplinary style may have affected her ability to interact with others and understand them. She also has difficulties with her academic life and she struggles to create answers by herself. She mimics others' behavior and is unable to be herself.

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Boutwell, B. B., Franklin, C. A., Barnes, J. C., & Beaver, K. M. (2011). Physical punishment and childhood aggression: the role of gender and gene-environment interplay. Aggressive Behavior, 37(6), 559–568. https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.20409

Coon, D., Mitterer, J.O., & Martini, T.S. (2019). Introduction to psychology: Gateways to mind and behavior. (15th Ed.). Stamford, CT: Cengage Learning.

Knutson, J. F., DeGarmo, D. S., & Reid, J. B. (2004). Social disadvantage and neglectful parenting as precursors to the development of antisocial and aggressive child behavior: Testing a theoretical model. Aggressive Behavior, 30(3), 187–205. https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.20016

Sloviter. (1987). Decreased hippocampal inhibition and a selective loss of interneurons in experimental epilepsy. Science, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.2879352