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World War 1 in 6 Minutes - Manny Man Does History

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Animated Map-Redrawing the Borders after WWI

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Animated Map-Redrawing the Borders after WWI

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The German Empire became Germany, and Germany lost substantial territory outside Europe.

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World War I involved 32 nations from 1914 to 1919. It redrew the world map and reshaped many borders in Europe.

The collapse of the Russian Empire created Poland, the Baltics, and Finland. The Austro-Hungarian Empire dissolved into Austria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, and Yugoslavia. When the Ottoman Empire collapsed, Turkey was established. The German Empire became Germany, and Germany lost substantial territory outside Europe.

For more information about the history of World War I, visit The National WWI Museum and Memorial.

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This animated map shows how World War I changed Europe's borders

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World War I involved 32 nations from 1914 to 1919. It redrew the world map and reshaped many borders in Europe. The collapse of the Russian Empire created Poland, the Baltics, and Finland. The Austro-Hungarian Empire dissolved into Austria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, and Yugoslavia. When the Ottoman Empire collapsed, Turkey was established.

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View each map and caption

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Why the war started, how the Allies won, and why the world has never been the same

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Stars and Stripes: The American Soldiers' Newspaper of WWI, 1918 to 1919

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Stars and Stripes: The American Soldiers' Newspaper of WWI, 1918 to 1919

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This online collection includes the complete seventy-one-week run of The Stars and Stripes World War I edition. The Stars and Stripes was published in France by the American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) of the United States Army from February 8, 1918, to June 13, 1919.

"The Owner of the Stars and Stripes." Illustration by Cyrus LeRoy Baldridge.The Stars and Stripes, February 7, 1919, p. 1, col. 3..

General John J. Pershing wanted a newspaper written by servicemen for the soldiers on the battlefront. On the front page of the first issue, Pershing endorsed the newspaper and characterized its purpose and content: "In this initial number of The Stars and Stripes, published by the men of the Overseas Command, the Commander-in-Chief of the American Expeditionary Forces extends his greetings through the editing staff to the readers from the first line trenches to the base ports. These readers are mainly the men who have been honored by being the first contingent of Americans to fight on European soil for the honor of their country. . . . The paper, written by the men in the service, should speak the thoughts of the new American Army and the American people from whom the Army has been drawn. It is your paper. Good luck to it."

The newspaper's mission was to strengthen the morale of the troops and to promote unity within the American forces, then widely scattered and fulfilling many apparently unrelated functions. The venture was immediately popular with the soldiers, quickly selling out its first issue of one thousand copies. Although designated as the "official newspaper of the AEF," its independent editorial voice earned the confidence and affection of common soldiers.

The Stars and Stripes, published exclusively in France during its seventeen-month run, used a layout typical of American newspapers of the day, with wide columns, "all-cap" headlines, and lots of illustrations. The editorial staff assigned to the newspaper was composed mostly of enlisted men, including several career journalists. Second Lieutenant Guy T. Viskniskki from the Wheeler Newspaper Syndicate, New York Times drama critic Alexander Woollcott, bibliophile John Winterich, and cartoonist Abian "Wally" Wallgren of the Washington Post were among those who contributed their experience and skill.

"First papers off the press starting for the men in hospitals. These were distributed by the American Red Cross." Photograph. From Harry L. Katz, A Brief History of The Stars and Stripes, Official Newspaper of the American Expeditionary Forces in France (Washington, D.C.: Columbia Publishing Co., 1921), p. 37.

Beginning with an initial printing of one thousand copies, The Stars and Stripes grew to a high-circulation newspaper, reaching well over half a million readers by its one-year anniversary. The newspaper's content contributed to its success, as did its distribution system. By a feat of ingenuity and perseverance, agents delivered the paper to the majority of the subscribers on the date of publication. Captain Richard H. Waldo, who had worked at the New York Times and Good Housekeeping before his enlistment, devised a system by which soldier distributors, or "field agents," at each Army Post Office coordinated distribution by rail, truck, and automobile (including three Cadillacs). French news dealers also delivered copies of the weekly to field agents and to hospitality centers staffed by the YMCA known as "YMCA huts." In addition, distributors mailed more than two hundred thousand copies to military bases and individual subscribers back home in the United States.

Appearing during a pivotal period in world and American history, The Stars and Stripes is a unique type of newspaper: a military newspaper published by the United States government. Documenting the experience of American soldiers during wartime, The Stars and Stripes represents a remarkable achievement in twentieth-century journalism.

Very few original issues of The Stars and Stripes exist because of the difficulty in acquiring and preserving newspapers during the conflict. However, in 1920, the AEF Publishing Association in Minneapolis produced a bound volume containing facsimile reproductions of each page of the World War I edition. The library of Camp Sherman in Chillicothe, Ohio, acquired one copy of this facsimile. A training center for U.S. troops going overseas, Camp Sherman was known as "the soldier factory" of World War I.

The Library of Congress's Serial and Government Publications Division received a commemorative facsimile volume from Camp Sherman. From this 1920 facsimile edition, the Library prepared a microfilm copy. The bound volume originally used to produce the microfilm copy had about eighty torn pages, causing the microfilmed images of those pages to be incomplete. For the online collection, these images were scanned from a second bound facsimile volume, donated to the Library in the 1990s. The Library of Congress's Rare Book and Special Collections Division is custodian of two bound sets of printings of the original World War I edition of The Stars and Stripes, which are in fragile condition and were not used in preparing the digital collection.

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About this Collection - Stars and Stripes: The American Soldiers' Newspaper of World War I, 1918-1919

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This online collection includes the complete seventy-one-week run of The Stars and Stripes World War I edition. The Stars and Stripes was published in France by the American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) of the United States Army from February 8, 1918, to June 13, 1919.

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Stefan Westmann (pictured), NCO with the 29th Infantry Division of the German Army 1914-1915 from the BBC series World War One (BBC)

We had no idea of any impending war. We had no idea that danger of war exists. We served in our blue and red uniforms but on the 1st of August 1914 mobilisation orders came, we had to put on our field grey uniforms and at 2 o'clock in the morning of the 4th August, 1914 we marched out of Fribourg with torches.

Silent, without any music, without any singing. No enthusiasm. We were really packed down by our luggage and our kit which weighed per man 75 pounds.

We crossed the Rhine over a very wobbly pontoon bridge, into Elders We marched, mostly at night until we approached a huge forest in front of the Elders town of Mulhouse, or as we called it Mühlhausen.

The focus of attention of the whole world was centred almost exclusively to the northern most part of the fighting line, namely to that part of the German Army which invaded Belgium.

Nobody had any idea outside France and outside the French General Staff, that the whole French Army, the First French Army was poised to jump into Alsace, to cross the Rhine and to go into southern Germany.

We came to this big forest. Miles and miles of nothing but forest with dense under wood and there a whole division, the 29th German Division, was hidden.

A solitary French aeroplane came, didn't see a thing and returned. The French Army, in the meantime, had entered Mulhouse, or Mühlhausen, and there they celebrated victory. They brought with them coloured posters which proclaimed that victory would be there, la gloire, la liberation d'Alsace, which by the way was completely German speaking and German inhabited part of the world, and they celebrated and got drunk.

They didn't even care to put out sentries at approaches to the town and at 4 o'clock in the morning on the 10th of August we left our hideout, we marched in single line through very high cornfields and without saying a word, in complete silence we entered the town of Mulhouse.

There we found the French soldiers partly drunk, partly asleep and only comparatively small resistance was put up by Alpine troops. The French retreated in such a haste that we actually had to run after them. At first we found heaps of French army blankets which the soldiers had thrown away.

Then we found French greatcoats. Then we found French knapsacks. Then we found French belts with ammunition pouches full of cartridges. And finally in barns hidden or sitting just on the roadside, the exhausted French soldiers, who waited only to be taken prisoner.

The French 7th Army Corps retreated till they came really under the muzzles of the big guns of the French quarters of Belfort. We took the French soldiers with us and then we came to a place called Altkirch.

Altkirch saw some action before in so far as the French Army Corps attacked two German squadrons of Light Cavalry which held them up for ten hours.

In Altkirch we were stationed, we were billeted in a factory. We were fast asleep when all of a sudden a terrific infantry fire started. We rushed out and we fired in the direction where the bullets came from. The reason for this firing was that the German sentry challenged a light and as there was no reply he fired at that light.

The bullet hit a wall next to another German sentry who thought that he was fired on and he fired back, and so two German companies fired at each other like mad. And the whole reason was that the midwife attending the birth of a baby moved about with a lamp in her hand.

We were then entrained, 48 men in cattle trucks, 28 men or six horses was ridden on these cattle trucks and we were taken to Strasbourg. And from there into Lorraine where another French Army had attacked.

There we had to join battle and here we counter attacked and had terrific losses. My battalion was on a field which included a gravel pit and in this gravel pit we took our wounded and later on our dead comrades and when night came we retreated to the Rhine-Main canal under heavy artillery fire.

Again the French retreated and again we followed them and on the field of battle I approached a wounded French soldier who spoke to me in fluent German asking for a drop of water. He was a student in Berlin.

We entered the village, the company of approximately 200 men and we were just taking off our knapsacks and queuing up for the soup kitchen who wanted to give us some food, when a terrific firing started.

From all sides we were fired at. The cook and his mate were killed, quite a number of our soldiers were wounded and killed too. We stormed into the houses where the firing came from but all we could find were some innocent looking peasants in blue blouses, but when we searched the houses we found infantry rifles still hot from firing.

The patrol of 20 men heard the firing in the village, turned around and all of sudden they saw approximately 30 cyclists coming out of the village and cycling like mad towards the next village.

They stopped them and they found that each of them had an infantry rifle with them. Of course they took them prisoners and I saw it myself they were marched off to be court martialled and most probably shot.

After this incident with Franc-tireurs, as we used to call them, the German high command gave orders to take hostages. We usually took the Mayor and the high ups in his village or little town and kept them until the Field Security Police took over. We marched on and on and on.

We never dared to take off our boots because our feet were so swollen that we didn't think it would be possible to put them on again. And, in a small village, the Mayor came and asked our Company Commanders not to allow us to cut off the hands of children.

These were atrocity stories which they heard about the German Army. At first we laughed about it, but when we heard of other propaganda things said against the German Army we became angry.

There was under the British blockade not an ounce of fat in Germany and so the order came that every horse and every animal had to be used for fat.

Every ounce of fat had to be taken out and to be used mostly for soap. Immediately when British, especially British papers heard about it they made out of these abattoirs or knackers yard, factories which extracted the fat from fallen British and French soldiers and made out of this propaganda which we hated.

We only went on and on and then we were entrained again in cattle trucks to be brought against the fortress of Antwerp. Meanwhile, we entered Péronne and we were marched through Valenciennes and Douai into the coal district of the Pas des Calais.

There we dug at first small trenches, slit trenches, each man for himself. Then we connected the trenches and then the whole trench system from the North Sea to the Alps was formed.

In front of our trenches near La Bassée was a brickworks. The French used to put their bricks together as high as houses and on top of these houses there were machine guns which prevented us from going near them.

One day we got the order to attack these brickworks and to take them. The only possible means to take them was by a surprise attack in full daylight and we got orders to do so. We cut zigzag lines through our barbed wire entanglements and at noon we went over the top.

We ran approximately a hundred yards when we came under machine gunfire which was so terrific that the losses were so staggering that we got orders to lie down and to seek shelter. Nobody dared to lift his head because the very moment the machine gunners saw any movement they let fly.

And then the British artillery opened up. And the corpses and the hats and the arms and the legs flew about and we were cut to pieces.

All of a sudden the enemy fire ceased. Complete silence came over the battlefield and one of the chaps in my shell hole asked me, 'I wonder what they're up to?'

Another one answered, 'perhaps they are getting tea.' The third one says, 'don't be a fool. Do you see what I see?' And we looked over the brim of our shell hole and there between the brick heaps, out there came a British soldier with a Red Cross flag which he waved and he was followed by stretcher bearers who came slowly towards us and collected our wounded.

We got up, still completely dumb from fear of death and helped them to bring our wounded into our trenches. One hour later a British Army doctor came out, again with a Red Cross flag and he arranged a truce for two hours to let us collect our dead ones. I never forgot this generosity of the British, which I must say took place shortly before Christmas, 1914.

Near La Bassée in the slit trenches we lay and in front of us we had the French trenches, dug in, dug out, we really didn't know anymore what was the first trench, the front trench and what were the reverse trenches.

One day we got orders to storm a French position. We got in and my comrades fell right and left of me, but then I was confronted by a French Corporal. He with his bayonet at the ready and I with my bayonet at the ready.

For a moment I felt the fear of death and in a fraction of a second I realised that he was after my life exactly as I was after his. I was quicker than he was. I tossed his rifle away and I ran my bayonet through his chest He fell, put his hand on the place were I had hit him and then I thrust again. Blood came out of his mouth and he died.

I felt physically ill. I nearly vomited. My knees were shaking and I was quite frankly ashamed of myself. My comrades, I was a corporal there then, were absolutely undisturbed by what had happened. One of them boasted that he had killed a poilu with the butt of his rifle, another one had strangled a captain, a French captain.

A third one had hit somebody over the head with his spade and they were ordinary men like me. One of them was a tram conductor, another one a commercial traveller, two were students, the rest were farm workers, ordinary people who never would have thought to do any harm to anyone.

How did it come about that they were so cruel? I remembered then that we were told that the good soldier kills without thinking of his adversary as a human being. The very moment he sees in him a fellow man, he is not a good soldier anymore. But I had in front of me the dead man, the dead French soldier and how would I liked him to have raised his hand.

I would have shaken his hand and we would have been the best of friends. Because he was nothing like me but a poor boy who had to fight, who had to go in with the most cruel weapons against a man who had nothing against him personally, who only wore the uniform of another nation, who spoke another language, but a man who had a father and mother and a family perhaps and so I felt.

I woke up at night sometimes drenched in sweat because I saw the eyes of my fallen adversary, of the enemy, and I tried to convince myself what would have happened to me if I wouldn't have been quicker than he, what would have happened to me if I wouldn't have thrust my bayonet first into his belly.

What was it that we soldiers stabbed each other, strangled each other, went for each other like mad dogs? What was it that we, who had nothing against them personally, fought with them to the very end and death?

We were civilised people after all. But I felt that the culture we boasted so much about is only a very thin lacquer which chipped off the very moment we come in contact with cruel things like real war. To fire at each other from a distance, to drop bombs is something impersonal.

But to see each other's white in the eyes and then to run with a bayonet against a man it was against my conception and against my inner feeling.

In June, 1915, I was wounded. A shell exploded behind me and I caught several shell splinters, one of them which penetrated my pelvis. I was brought back to a field hospital and later to a base hospital in St Quentin where they found that I was otherwise all right apart from bruises and so on, and then a few weeks time I was ready for duty.

I was just expecting my commission as an Infantry Officer which we called in those days an express ticket to eternity, because the life of a Subaltern in the trenches was not counted by months, but by days or weeks.

They found out that I was a medical student and so I was transferred to the Medical Corps and was commissioned to the rank of a Second Lieutenant, or as you would call it in the British Army, a Probationer Surgeon.

[Battle of the Somme, 1916]

For 7 days and nights we were under incessant bombardment. Day and night the shells, heavy and light ones came upon us, our dugouts crumbled. They fell upon us and we had to dig ourselves and our comrades out.

Sometimes we found them suffocated, sometimes smashed to pulp. Seven days and seven nights. Soldiers in the bunkers became hysterical. We wanted to run out and fights developed to keep them in the comparative safety of our deep bunkers.

Even the rats became hysterical. They came into our flimsy shelters to seek refuge from this terrific artillery fire. Seven days and seven nights we had nothing to eat, nothing to drink, but constantly fire, shell after shell burst upon us. And then the British Army went over the top.

The very moment we felt that the British artillery fire was directed against the reserve positions, German machine gunners crawled out of the bunkers, reddened eyes, sunken eyes, dirty, full of blood from the blood of there fallen comrades and opened up terrific fire.

The British Army had horrible loses and they'd estimated that they lost within the first 10 minutes of the Battle of the Somme fourteen thousand dead. Our regiment lost approximately seventy five per cent of its men and after ten days in the front line we were withdrawn.

Ten minutes before the French attack was due the German batteries opened up and the fire was so tremendous that hardly any French soldiers went over the top. After a while the Germans sent patrols to find out what happened and there they found the French trenches deserted, except for the wounded and the dead. Full of dead. And the French was supposed to have lost in one day a hundred thousand casualties.

[1918]

A week or so before the beginning of the German offensive in Flanders, in April 1918, I was attached to Infantry Assault Battalion and my orders were to establish and advance a first aid post. We went over the top against Portuguese divisions. It didn't offer much resistance and we took them prisoner or they ran away faster than we could even run.

Near Merville I came to a British field hospital, completely intact and there I saw for the first time since years the abundance of material, of equipment which we didn't know anymore about. Amongst other things I found cases full of surgical gloves. The German doctors had to operate with their bare fingers.

They had to go into the purulent and contaminated wounds with their bare hands and the only thing to wash our hands with was a kind of sand soap. Two parts of sand, one part of soap.

And here I found actually thousands of pairs of rubber gloves. I went out to catch some ammunition carts which came back empty from the firing line and to hand them these cases to bring them back to the rear. I returned in a few minutes time and there I found a whole batch of German soldiers playing with these rubber gloves. They blew air into them and let them fly as balloons.

On the barrack square of Freiburg where I was an Officer Cadet I learnt to shout commands and this came to good use for me because I ordered them out and so I saved the rubber gloves. Amongst other things I found bandages. Real bandages. You know that the German Army and the German doctors didn't have any bandages!

What we used was scrap paper to wind round the wounds of the soldiers and one can imagine how long that lasted. They just dissolved as quickly as many of the greatcoats our soldiers had to wear which were made out of paper fabric. We didn't have any cotton wool anymore.

The only thing we had was a kind of cellulose and this we put on the wounds because we didn't have even gauze or this little bit of gauze we had which was soaked in blood and puss had to be washed again and again, sterilised again and again until it freely fell to pieces. Such was the shortage at the end of the war.

At the beginning of the war the German Army, like the British Army, didn't have any anti-tetanus antitoxin and when we marched through the villages we found in front of field hospitals thick layers of straw, knee deep, and we had to go through that and these layers of straw were used to reduce the vibration caused by the passing of guns and heavy ammunition carts.

These vibrations in turn brought about the dreadful convulsions of the soldiers infected with tetanus. And mind you, statistic showed that one per cent of every soldier in France in those early days of the war was infected with tetanus and died of tetanus.

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WW1 German soldier recalls moment he bayoneted foe to death

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Stefan Westmann (pictured), NCO with the 29th Infantry Division of the German Army 1914-1915 from the BBC series World War One (BBC) We had no idea of any impending war. We had no idea that danger of war exists.

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Newspaper Pictorials: WWI Rotogravures, 1914 to 1919

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Newspaper Pictorials: WWI Rotogravures, 1914 to 1919

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This online collection is drawn from three primary sources: The War of the Nations: Portfolio in Rotogravure Etchings, a volume published by the shortly after the armistice that compiled selected images from their "Mid-Week Pictorial" supplements of 1914-19; Sunday rotogravure sections from the New York Times for 1914-19; and Sunday rotogravure sections from the New York Tribune for 1916-19.

A French officer and his British ally at the front read the New York Times.

The War of Nations is particularly rich. This volume contains 1,398 rotogravure images with brief descriptive captions, broad organizational headings, and a table of contents; 32 maps that describe military engagements throughout the war; and a 3-page appendix that provides a chronology, statistics, treaty excerpts, and highlights of wartime events.

Rotogravure collections were chosen for digitization since few quality originals exist in newspaper format due to paper deterioration. Although microfilm of the New York Times and Tribune is readily available both in the Library's Newspaper & Current Periodical Room and in many libraries across the country, pictorial reproduction on microfilm is so poor as to make them unusable. Rotogravure images in particular are of such poor quality on microfilm that they fail to meet most user needs. Whole sections were digitized to faithfully represent integration of rotogravure pages with the rest of the New York Times and New York Tribune pictorial sections to demonstrate their use as attention getters next to less attractive pages.

Scanned images of the New York Times pictorial sections of 1914-19 were taken from a collection of that paper's volumes generously donated by Mrs. Sandra Baden to the Library of Congress's Serial and Government Publications Division. Rotogravure sections of the New York Tribune were taken from the Division's collection of bound volumes for scanning.

Multiple copies of The War of the Nations: Portfolio in Rotogravure Etchings are available in the Library of Congress. In 1985 the Library prepared a microfilm edition from an original 1919 print copy of this volume; the printed illustrations reside in the Prints & Photographs Division. A reprint edition dated 1977 is also available in the Library's General Collections. The Serial and Government Publications Division received a donated copy of the 1919 edition from Mr. Daniel Pollen; this copy was used for scanning.

Background and Scope

During the World War I era (1914-18), leading newspapers took advantage of a new printing process that dramatically altered their ability to reproduce images. Rotogravure printing, which produced richly detailed, high quality illustrations-even on inexpensive newsprint paper-was used to create vivid new pictorial sections. Publishers that could afford to invest in the new technology saw sharp increases both in readership and advertising revenue.

The images in this collection track American sentiment about the war in Europe, week by week, before and after the United States became involved. Events of the war are detailed alongside society news and advertisements touting products of the day, creating a pictorial record of both the war effort and life at home. The collection includes an illustrated history of World War I selected from newspaper rotogravure sections that graphically documents the people, places, and events important to the war.

Pictorial sections, once limited to weeklies and periodicals, became part of the daily newspaper in the latter half of the nineteenth century. American newspapers competed for readers using investigative exposes, illustrations, and cartoons. William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer attracted new readers to their papers in the 1890s by using photoengraving to publish news photography.

In the early 1900s, a specialized photoengraving process, that is, rotogravure printing, became the latest tool in the circulation wars. Capable of producing quality halftone reproductions of photography and artwork at a high speed, even on inexpensive newsprint paper, rotogravure printing allowed newspapers to bring high quality illustrations to the masses.

First used in German newspapers, rotogravure was introduced to the American public by the New York Times in a special pictorial section for Christmas, 1912. Beginning March 29, 1914, the Times became one of six newspapers to regularly publish rotogravure art sections as a separate section of the newspaper, mid-week and on Sundays. In 1942 the rotogravure section became a part of its Sunday magazine.

During World War I (1914-18) rotogravure sections captured the details and intensity of the fighting, introduced technological innovations to a curious and interested American public, and documented the work and play of the home front. These pictorials were important tools for promoting U.S. propaganda and influenced how readers viewed world events. Images from the battlefields and dramatic coverage of casualties from the 1915 sinking of the Lusitania by a German U-boat contributed to the U.S. decision to join the war.

The Sunday rotogravure sections of two of the most prominent U.S. newspapers of the day, the New York Times and New York Tribune, highlight the variety and diversity of pictorials. In addition to high quality photographs depicting noted personalities of the day, events during the war, celebrations and memorials, and high fashion and the arts, the sections include advertisements. Rotogravure pictorial sections proved very popular with readers, and more importantly, with advertisers. These sections became the most widely read section of the paper and provided a great opportunity to reach new customers.

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About this Collection - Newspaper Pictorials: World War I Rotogravures, 1914-1919

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This online collection is drawn from three primary sources: The War of the Nations: Portfolio in Rotogravure Etchings, a volume published by the shortly after the armistice that compiled selected images from their "Mid-Week Pictorial" supplements of 1914-19; Sunday rotogravure sections from the New York Times for 1914-19; and Sunday rotogravure sections from the New York Tribune for 1916-19.

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The battle of Verdun was the longest and costliest battle in world history, lasting from February 21 to December 18, 1916. Almost a year! Support the cartoons on patreon: https://www.patreon.com/simplehistory?ty=c Get your copy of Simple History: World War I today! http://www.amazon.com/Simple-History-simple-guide-CENTENARY/dp/1497523893/ref=asap_bc?ie=UTF8 Simple history gives you the facts, simple!

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Silent Night: The Story of the World War I Christmas Truce of 1914

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Exactly a century ago, the men in the trenches heard something unusual: singing

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The Treaty of Versailles, Terms of the Treaty

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The Treaty of Versailles, Terms of the Treaty

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Part 2

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The Treaty of Versailles, Terms of the Treaty 2/2

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The Treaty of Versailles, What Did the Big Three Want?

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The Treaty of Versailles, What Did the Big Three Want?

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Part 1

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The Treaty of Versailles, What Did the Big Three Want? 1/2

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First World war technology. The tank. The first tanks arrived in Europe on August 30th 1916 and on September 15th, 36 tanks made an attack at the Somme. Support the cartoons on patreon: https://www.patreon.com/simplehistory?ty=c Get your copy of Simple History: World War I today! http://www.amazon.com/Simple-History-simple-guide-CENTENARY/dp/1497523893/ref=asap_bc?ie=UTF8 Simple history gives you the facts, simple!

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On Christmas Eve 1914, on the western front, British soldiers heard German troops in the opposite trenches singing carols. They soon joined in with the singing and both sides shouted 'Merry Christmas!' to each other between the trenches. At the first light of dawn on Christmas Day British and German soldiers met across no man's land.

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First hand experience...

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First World War.com - Memoirs & Diaries - A Wireless Operator

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First World War.com - A multimedia history of world war one

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First World War.com - Memoirs & Diaries - Defeat at the Marne, July 1918

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First World War.com - A multimedia history of world war one

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A Letter Home From a U.S. Serviceman in Paris, 11/11/18

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A Letter Home From a U.S. Serviceman in Paris, 11/11/18

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A letter to his folks

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First World War.com - Memoirs & Diaries - A Letter Home From A U.S. Serviceman in Paris, 11 November 1918

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First World War.com - A multimedia history of world war one

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Surprising Report

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World War I in Photos: The Western Front

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World War I in Photos: The Western Front

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When we think of World War I, images of the bloody, muddy Western Front are generally what come to mind. Scenes of frightened young men standing in knee-deep mud, awaiting the call to go "over the top", facing machine guns, barbed wire, mortars, bayonets, hand-to-hand battles, and more. We also think of the frustrations of all involved: the seemingly simple goal, the incomprehensible difficulty of just moving forward, and the staggering numbers of men killed. The stalemate on the Western Front lasted for four years, forcing the advancement of new technologies, bleeding the resources of the belligerent nations, and destroying the surrounding countryside. I've gathered photographs of the Great War from dozens of collections, some digitized for the first time, to try to tell the story of the conflict, those caught up in it, and how much it affected the world. This entry is part 2 of a 10-part series on World War I. This installment focuses on Early Years on the front, part II will focus more on the final year of trench warfare.

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World War I in Photos: The Western Front, Part I

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In 1914, the German Army sought a swift decisive victory over France, invading from the north. The plan failed, leading to a years-long bloody stalemate where millions of soldiers braved horrific conditions fighting for mere yards of territory.

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The two primary alliances were the Allies, including but not limited to France, Great Britain and Russia. The primary members of the Central Powers were Germany and Austria-Hungary. Italy, once part of the Triple Alliance with Germany and Austria-Hungary, eventually changed sides and fought with the Allied Powers in the war.

World War I combat was unlike any before it. Soldiers for the first time fought primarily in trenches, thus the origin of the term "trench warfare," and were for the first time subject to chemical and weapon attacks. Some new weapons introduced in World War I were the fighter plane, the flamethrower and tanks. While there were many new technologies used in the war, several older ones were also employed. Animals, mostly dogs and pigeons, were used to relay messages back and forth, and horses were used as the cavalry.
Learn more about World War 1

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What are some World War I facts for kids?

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The two primary alliances were the Allies, including but not limited to France, Great Britain and Russia. The primary members of the Central Powers were Germany and Austria-Hungary. Italy, once part of the Triple Alliance with Germany and Austria-Hungary, eventually changed sides and fought with the Allied Powers in the war.

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WWI begins the change of women's role in society...

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By Katie Harold at the International School of Toulouse

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Classification of casualty statistics of WWI

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Classification of casualty statistics of WWI

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Casualty statistics for World War I vary to a great extent; estimates of total deaths range from 9 million to over 15 million. Military casualties reported in official sources list deaths due to all causes, including an estimated 7 to 8 million combat related deaths (killed or died of wounds) and another two to three million military deaths caused by accidents, disease and deaths while prisoners of war.

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Begins with Archduke Franz Ferdinand of the Austro-Hungarian Empire is Assassinated in Sarajevo..

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U.S. War Department authorizes Chemical Warfare Service

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How long did World War I last? Who fought whom? Journey through the story of the Great War with our Interactive WWI Timeline, covering the world events of 1914‑1920.

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World War 1: American Legacy (Women Clip)

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World War 1 American Legacy vividly shows many forgotten stories of the men and women who served in the Great War, reminding Americans of their impact on our country that can still be felt today. Subscribe for more! http://bit.ly/JansonYouTube http://www.janson.com

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Miss Dora Rodrigues recruiting, WWI, 1909 and 1940

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Miss Dora Rodrigues recruiting, WWI, 1909 and 1940