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https://www.one.org/us/globalgoals/clean-water-and-sanitation/

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http://www.un.org

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http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals/goal-6-clean-water-and-sanitation.html

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www.cleanwateraction.org

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https://www.fws.gov/laws/lawsdigest/fwatrpo.HTML

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http://www.unwater.org/water-facts/water-sanitation-and-hygiene/

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Water is at the core of sustainable development and is critical for socio-economic development, energy and food production, healthy ecosystems and for human survival itself. Water is also at the heart of adaptation to climate change, serving as the crucial link between the society and the environment.

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clean water.com

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http://www.un.org/en/sections/issues-depth/water/

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http://www.un.org/waterforlifedecade/scarcity.shtml

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https://www.cleanwater.org/states/massachusetts

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http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/en/

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https://www.epa.gov/laws-regulations/summary-clean-water-act

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https://www.unicef.org/about-us`

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https://www.cleanwateraction.org/

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Caroline Corda
Sustainable Developement Goal: Clean Water and Sanitation

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http://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/water-and-sanitation/

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http://www.unwater.org/water-facts/water-sanitation-and-hygiene/

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https://www.npr.org/2016/04/14/473806134/how-do-we-get-our-drinking-water-in-the-u-s

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https://bacwa.org/about/

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https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2014/08/140819-groundwater-california-drought-aquifers-hidden-crisis/

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Water is at the core of sustainable development and is critical for socio-economic development, energy and food production, healthy ecosystems and for human survival itself. Water is also at the heart of adaptation to climate change, serving as the crucial link between the society and the environment.

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https://thewaterproject.org/water-scarcity/

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The problem: 783 million people do not have access to clean water, their water sources are far away, unclean and unaffordable. Not having access to clean water means a lifetime of walking for water, means not being able to go to school, means constant weakness and pain through recurrent diarrhoea, means choosing between paying for water or medicines, means less chance to grow food, means HIV/AIDS medicines and vaccines are less effective, means large healthcare costs compared to relatively cheap solutions, means a cycle of poverty.
In the last century the rate of water use growth is more than twice that of population growth.
Sanitation is an even bigger problem than lack of water - with 2.5 billion people worldwide suffering from lack of a good enough toilet or latrine. Getting hold of clean water isn't good enough if the water is being made dirty because there are no toilets, and toilets aren't good enough if there is no hygiene promotion to get whole communities to change the habits of generations and use the latrines.

Sanitation refers to the provision of facilities and services for the safe disposal of human waste. Basically, we're talking about toilets, or versions of toilets such as latrines. Most developed countries are well equipped with flush toilets, however in developing countries, sanitation is based around much more basic facilities that are often little more than a hole in the ground. Design is not important, as long as the facilities in question dispose of waste in a hygienic way. 2.5 billion people - over one third of the world's population - lack access to sanitation facilities. That's almost twice the number of people living in extreme poverty. Sanitation is also one of the world's leading cause of disease and child death.

Sanitation is crucial to global health. But sanitation suffers from political neglect at every level. There is a sense of shame and stigma attached to the issue that prevents it from being a high profile political issue.

Human waste is full of dangerous bacteria that can cause diseases like cholera, typhoid, infectious hepatitis, polio, cryptosporidiosis, and ascariasis. When waste is not properly managed, it can come into contact with skin, water, insects and other things that ultimately transfer the bacteria back into the human body where it can make people sick.

The most common illness associated with poor sanitation is diarrhea. In developed countries, diarrhea is little more than a nuisance, but for millions of children in the developing world, it's a death sentence.

The primary purpose of good sanitation is health (through disease prevention). Despite the overwhelming importance of sanitation, the world is far behind in providing universal access to safe and hygienic toilets, and the poor are the overwhelming majority of those who miss out.

Getting sanitation right can have a positive effect on economic growth. In parts of Africa, half the hospital beds at any one time can be filled with people suffering from diarrheal diseases. Because of the high financial burden of poor sanitation, on individuals, businesses and healthcare systems, adequate investments in sanitation could provide an estimated additional 3% economic growth in sub-Saharan Africa.

Improved sanitation in developing countries typically yields about USD $9 worth of economic benefit for every USD $1 spent, an impressive ratio. The benefits include saving time, reducing direct and indirect health costs, increasing the return on investments in education, and safeguarding water resources. The first element, saving time, should not be underestimated in its contribution to economic benefits in the developing world. People without toilets at home spend a great deal of time each day queuing for public toilets or looking for secluded places to defecate. The World Health Organization estimates this time has an economic value of well over USD 100 billion each year. Moreover, girls attendance in schools accelerates when it improves its sanitation system. So addressing sanitation does not only bring about valuable health benefits, it frees up individuals' time so they can do more productive things, like earning income, than searching for a quiet spot to relieve themselves.

This video first aired at the Global Citizen Festival in New York City on September 29, 2012
DIRECTED BY Jonathan Olinger and Michael Trainer SERIES CREATIVE DIRECTOR Michael Trainer PRODUCER Lindsay Branham EXECUTIVE PRODUCER Michael Trainer CINEMATOGRAPHY Ricky Norris, Jonathan Olinger, charity: water ORIGINAL SCORE Ryan O'Neal ASSOCIATE PRODUCER Adam Butterfield LEAD EDITOR Jonathan Olinger EDITORS Mo Scarpelli, Lindsay Branham VISUAL EFFECTS Dan DiFelice MOTION GRAPHICS Dan Johnson COLOR Matt Fezz SOUND DESIGN Ben Lukas Boysen SOUND MIX Charles de Montebello, CDM Studios, NYC SCRIPT CONSULTANT Taylor Bruce ADDITIONAL FOOTAGE BY DTJ VOICE OVER RECORDING Margarita Mix, Hollywood VERY SPECIAL THANKS TO: charity: water, Jane Rosenthal, Nancy Lefkowitz, Cody Irizarry. WRITERS Lindsay Branham, Jonathan Olinger NARRATED BY Blair Underwood PRODUCED BY DTJ (www.dtj.org)

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Introduction to the crisis of clean water & sanitation

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The problem: 783 million people do not have access to clean water, their water sources are far away, unclean and unaffordable.

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The problem: 783 million people do not have access to clean water, their water sources are far away, unclean and unaffordable. Not having access to clean water means a lifetime of walking for water, means not being able to go to school, means constant weakness and pain through recurrent diarrhoea, means choosing between paying for water or medicines, means less chance to grow food, means HIV/AIDS medicines and vaccines are less effective, means large healthcare costs compared to relatively cheap solutions, means a cycle of poverty.
In the last century the rate of water use growth is more than twice that of population growth.
Sanitation is an even bigger problem than lack of water - with 2.5 billion people worldwide suffering from lack of a good enough toilet or latrine. Getting hold of clean water isn't good enough if the water is being made dirty because there are no toilets, and toilets aren't good enough if there is no hygiene promotion to get whole communities to change the habits of generations and use the latrines.

Sanitation refers to the provision of facilities and services for the safe disposal of human waste. Basically, we're talking about toilets, or versions of toilets such as latrines. Most developed countries are well equipped with flush toilets, however in developing countries, sanitation is based around much more basic facilities that are often little more than a hole in the ground. Design is not important, as long as the facilities in question dispose of waste in a hygienic way. 2.5 billion people - over one third of the world's population - lack access to sanitation facilities. That's almost twice the number of people living in extreme poverty. Sanitation is also one of the world's leading cause of disease and child death.

Sanitation is crucial to global health. But sanitation suffers from political neglect at every level. There is a sense of shame and stigma attached to the issue that prevents it from being a high profile political issue.

Human waste is full of dangerous bacteria that can cause diseases like cholera, typhoid, infectious hepatitis, polio, cryptosporidiosis, and ascariasis. When waste is not properly managed, it can come into contact with skin, water, insects and other things that ultimately transfer the bacteria back into the human body where it can make people sick.

The most common illness associated with poor sanitation is diarrhea. In developed countries, diarrhea is little more than a nuisance, but for millions of children in the developing world, it's a death sentence.

The primary purpose of good sanitation is health (through disease prevention). Despite the overwhelming importance of sanitation, the world is far behind in providing universal access to safe and hygienic toilets, and the poor are the overwhelming majority of those who miss out.

Getting sanitation right can have a positive effect on economic growth. In parts of Africa, half the hospital beds at any one time can be filled with people suffering from diarrheal diseases. Because of the high financial burden of poor sanitation, on individuals, businesses and healthcare systems, adequate investments in sanitation could provide an estimated additional 3% economic growth in sub-Saharan Africa.

Improved sanitation in developing countries typically yields about USD $9 worth of economic benefit for every USD $1 spent, an impressive ratio. The benefits include saving time, reducing direct and indirect health costs, increasing the return on investments in education, and safeguarding water resources. The first element, saving time, should not be underestimated in its contribution to economic benefits in the developing world. People without toilets at home spend a great deal of time each day queuing for public toilets or looking for secluded places to defecate. The World Health Organization estimates this time has an economic value of well over USD 100 billion each year. Moreover, girls attendance in schools accelerates when it improves its sanitation system. So addressing sanitation does not only bring about valuable health benefits, it frees up individuals' time so they can do more productive things, like earning income, than searching for a quiet spot to relieve themselves.

This video first aired at the Global Citizen Festival in New York City on September 29, 2012
DIRECTED BY Jonathan Olinger and Michael Trainer SERIES CREATIVE DIRECTOR Michael Trainer PRODUCER Lindsay Branham EXECUTIVE PRODUCER Michael Trainer CINEMATOGRAPHY Ricky Norris, Jonathan Olinger, charity: water ORIGINAL SCORE Ryan O'Neal ASSOCIATE PRODUCER Adam Butterfield LEAD EDITOR Jonathan Olinger EDITORS Mo Scarpelli, Lindsay Branham VISUAL EFFECTS Dan DiFelice MOTION GRAPHICS Dan Johnson COLOR Matt Fezz SOUND DESIGN Ben Lukas Boysen SOUND MIX Charles de Montebello, CDM Studios, NYC SCRIPT CONSULTANT Taylor Bruce ADDITIONAL FOOTAGE BY DTJ VOICE OVER RECORDING Margarita Mix, Hollywood VERY SPECIAL THANKS TO: charity: water, Jane Rosenthal, Nancy Lefkowitz, Cody Irizarry. WRITERS Lindsay Branham, Jonathan Olinger NARRATED BY Blair Underwood PRODUCED BY DTJ (www.dtj.org)

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Introduction to the crisis of clean water & sanitation

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The problem: 783 million people do not have access to clean water, their water sources are far away, unclean and unaffordable.

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In addition to the resources you can find here on DrinkTap, below are links to other sites that have information and materials available to help you learn more about water.

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https://water.org/our-impact/water-crisis/

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https://water.org/our-impact/water-crisis/

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http://www.futurity.org/reduce-water-scarcity-2050-757742/

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Why Water? ...By the numbers (Last Update: 10/9/2023)

Get your school or group involved

Join our #1 fundraising activity.
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Last year, hundreds of groups took part. Every one is now watching their water projects being built!

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Search our site for what you need

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Facts and Statistics about Water and Its Effects

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Find facts and statistics about water and water scarcity and learn about the effects of the lack of access to clean water.

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10 Ways Clean Water can Change the World

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An informative infographic detailing the many ways access to clean water can change our world.

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https://bacwa.org/about/https://bacwa.org/about/https://bacwa.org/about/https://bacwa.org/about/https://bacwa.org/about/https://bacwa.org/about/https://bacwa.org/about/https://bacwa.org/about/https://bacwa.org/about/https://bacwa.org/about/https://bacwa.org/about/https://bacwa.org/about/https://bacwa.org/about/https://bacwa.org/about/https://bacwa.org/about/https://bacwa.org/about/https://bacwa.org/about/https://bacwa.org/about/https://bacwa.org/about/https://bacwa.org/about/https://bacwa.org/about/https://bacwa.org/about/https://bacwa.org/about/https:

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Darren

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Drinking contaminated water can lead to waterborne diseases.

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Waterborne diseases such as cholera, dysentery, diarrheal disease, guinea worm disease and giardia, are caused by drinking contaminated or dirty water.

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https://thewaterproject.org/water-scarcity/water_stats

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izzy

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The power of water

Water connects every aspect of life. Access to safe water and sanitation can quickly turn problems into potential - empowering people with time for school and work, and contributing to improved health for women, children, and families around the world.

Today, 2.2 billion people - 1 in 4 - lack access to safe water and 3.5 billion people - 2 in 5 - lack access to a safe toilet. These are the people we empower.
Learn more about the global water crisis > Learn more about the global sanitation crisis >

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The Water Crisis: Shortage, Problems & Solutions | Water.org

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Explore the global water crisis, water shortage, and lack of water affecting billions. Learn how Water.org is tackling these water problems to transform lives.

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https://www.dosomething.org/us/facts/11-facts-about-water-developing-world

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https://thewaterproject.org/why/water/poverty

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While substantial progress has been made in increasing access to clean drinking water and sanitation, billions of people-mostly in rural areas-still lack these basic services. Worldwide, one in three people do not have access to safe drinking water, two out of five

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https://www.charitywater.org

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https://www.dosomething.org/us/facts/11-facts-about-water-developing-world

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You probably don't have to think twice about clean water. It's as close as a faucet, as dependable as spring rain.

But, right now, 783 million people lack access to clean and safe water.

Providing clean, safe water across the globe is a huge undertaking, with a price tag that ranges from $10 billion to $175 billion. But several solutions - from drinking straws to a "drinkable" book - are showing that technology doesn't have to be massive to make a difference.

One-in-nine people don't have clean water, and that means disease, death, and a drain on already-struggling economies.

Half of all hospital beds worldwide are filled with people with easily preventable, water-related diseases, like diarrhea and cholera. These diseases kill 3.4 million people a year and claim the life of a child every minute.

Finding water is a time-consuming, grueling task that falls mostly to women and children. Some 140 million hours each day - hours not spent on income-generating activities - are taken up by collecting water.

Children lose 443 million days of school to water-related diseases, missing precious days when they could be learning the skills needed to lift them out of poverty. In addition to that distressing statistic, half of the schools in the developing world lack adequate water and sanitation facilities.

Safe water is a valuable investment. Each dollar invested in water and sanitation produces $3 to $34 in returns of increased productivity. Finding solutions to the water crisis, no matter how big or small, are critical to saving lives and ending poverty.

It is important to invest in infrastructure that will serve long term needs, but immediate, short-term solutions are necessary as well. Affordable, easy-to-use purification devices reduce water-related diseases and eliminates the need to boil water - itself a polluting and resource-intense practice.

Among the many large and humble water treatment programs, three small water purification devices are making clean and safe water more attainable.

This water purifier, designed by the Swiss company Vestergaard Fradsen, is simple to use: Just put one end of the nine-inch straw in unfiltered water and suck in clean water. The straw filters out contaminants using hollow fiber technology; no chemicals are involved.

With each purchase of a LifeStraw, one school child in the developing world is provided with safe drinking water for an entire year through Vestergaard Fraden's larger institutional water filters. In 2014, the company and its distribution partners delivered 1,646 community purifiers to 301 schools, reaching 157,975 schoolchildren.

Through its Carbon for Water Program, LifeStraw sells carbon credits to provide free Family LifeStaw filters to families in developing countries.

So far, 877,505 filters have been distributed, reaching more than 4 million people.
SONO Water Filters

This simple, cost effective, and locally produced filtration device cleans deadly arsenic contamination from groundwater in Bangladesh, the result of "tube wells" installed by well-meaning aid organizations in the 1970s. The wells draw water from aquifers contaminated with arsenic and expose 35 million to 77 million people to arsenic poisoning, which causes skin lesions, cancer, and death.

Experts classified the arsenic contamination of groundwater in Bangladesh as the largest mass poisoning of a population in history.

Abdul Hussam, a professor of chemistry at George Mason University, recognized this catastrophe and sought to do something about it. He designed the SONO Filter in 2006 to eliminate arsenic, as well as to increase access to clean water for the 23 million Bangladeshis who live without it.

The SONO Filter is a large bucket filled with iron, sand, gravel, and charcoal that filters out arsenic and other toxic chemicals and bacteria.

The simple design costs only $35 and can filter 100 liters (26 gallons) a day for up to 14 years. UNICEF and other aid organizations have distributed about 225,000 free SONO filters throughout Bangladesh, Nepal, and India.
The Drinkable Book

The "book" is a water filter and instruction manual for how and why to clean drinking water. It's made of a new type of paper, created by scientists from Carnegie Mellon University and the University of Virginia, that costs only pennies to produce. The paper is coated with silver nanoparticles that attract bacteria and toxins when water flows through it, leaving the water 99.9 percent pure. Not only does each book provide clean water for one person for three years, but it also serves as an instruction manual for healthy sanitation practices.

WATERisLIFE, an aid organization that works with communities to develop safe water systems, joined with the Drinkable Book's creator, researcher Theresa Dankovich of Carnegie Mellon, to campaign for the funds to move the product toward wide-scale distribution. Currently, WATERisLIFE is working on printing the books in different languages and developing new teaching methods.

WATERisLIFE plans to start distributing the book globally this winter.

The water crisis is real and is getting worse. These three products collectively reach only 4 million of the 783 million people in need. And, by 2025, 2.8 billion people will live in countries with water scarcity.

Investing in affordable, accessible solutions to water sanitation is critical, from improving agricultural water practices with low-cost technologies like drip irrigation to increasing the number of schools with adequate water treatment facilities, like the LifeStraw community purifier.

When it comes to a worldwide crisis like clean water, even small gains make a difference.
* This article originally appeared at Global Envision, a blog published by Mercy Corps.

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Three cool solutions to the clean water problem

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You probably don't have to think twice about clean water. It's as close as a faucet, as dependable as spring rain. But, right now, 783 million people lack access to clean and safe water. Providing clean, safe water across the globe is a huge undertaking, with a price tag that ranges from $10 billion to $175 billion.

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https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2017/08/14/63-million-americans-exposed-unsafe-drinking-water/564278001/

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http://www.thp.org/issues/water-sanitation/

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Why Water - Impact of the Global Water Crisis | charity: water

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Learn more about the global water crisis and water scarcity. Access to clean water changes everything, including education, income and health.

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UNICEF | Children's Rights & Emergency Relief Organization

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Clean water, basic toilets and good hygiene practices are essential for the survival and development of children. Today, there are around 2.4 billion people who do not use improved sanitation, and 663 million who do not have access to improved water sources.

Without these basic needs, the lives of millions of children are at risk. For children under five, water- and sanitation-related diseases are one of the leading causes of death. Every day, over 800 children die from preventable diseases caused by poor water, and a lack of sanitation and hygiene.

UNICEF's water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) team works in over 100 countries worldwide to improve water and sanitation services, as well as basic hygiene practices. Last year, UNICEF's efforts provided nearly 14 million people with clean water and over 11 million with basic toilets.

In times of crisis children are particularly vulnerable; UNICEF responds and provides emergency relief to those in need.

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Clean water, basic toilets and good hygiene practices are essential for the survival and development of children. Today, there are around 2.4 billion people who do not use improved sanitation, and 663 million who do not have access to improved water sources. Without these basic needs, the lives of millions of children are at risk.

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https://news.nationalgeographic.com/water-crisis/

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https://thewaterproject.org/why-water/10-ways-clean-water-changes-the-world

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https://www.nrdc.org/issues/safe-drinking-water

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33 U.S.C. §1251 et seq. (1972)

The Clean Water Act (CWA) establishes the basic structure for regulating discharges of pollutants into the waters of the United States and regulating quality standards for surface waters. The basis of the CWA was enacted in 1948 and was called the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, but the Act was significantly reorganized and expanded in 1972. "Clean Water Act" became the Act's common name with amendments in 1972.

Under the CWA, EPA has implemented pollution control programs such as setting wastewater standards for industry. EPA has also developed national water quality criteria recommendations for pollutants in surface waters.

The CWA made it unlawful to discharge any pollutant from a point source into navigable waters, unless a permit was obtained:

EPA's National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit program controls discharges.

Point sources are discrete conveyances such as pipes or man-made ditches.

Individual homes that are connected to a municipal system, use a septic system, or do not have a surface discharge do not need a NPDES permit;

Industrial, municipal, and other facilities must obtain permits if their discharges go directly to surface waters.

Compliance and Enforcement

History of this Act

More Information

The Office of Water (OW) ensures drinking water is safe, and restores and maintains oceans, watersheds, and their aquatic ecosystems to protect human health, support economic and recreational activities, and provide healthy habitat for fish, plants, and wildlife.

The EPA Watershed Academy provides training courses on statutes, watershed protection, and other key Clean Water Act resources.

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support delivery of services > public affairs > official information dissemination > public information & outreach > provide public information

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The Clean Water Act regulates discharges of pollutants into U.S. waters, and controls pollution by means such as wastewater standards for industry, national water quality criteria recommendations for surface waters, and the NPDES permit program.

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http://www.tetratech.com/en/experts/jill-manning-hudkins-drinking-water-expert

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UNICEF | Children's Rights & Emergency Relief Organization

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Clean water, basic toilets and good hygiene practices are essential for the survival and development of children. Today, there are around 2.4 billion people who do not use improved sanitation, and 663 million who do not have access to improved water sources.

Without these basic needs, the lives of millions of children are at risk. For children under five, water- and sanitation-related diseases are one of the leading causes of death. Every day, over 800 children die from preventable diseases caused by poor water, and a lack of sanitation and hygiene.

UNICEF's water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) team works in over 100 countries worldwide to improve water and sanitation services, as well as basic hygiene practices. Last year, UNICEF's efforts provided nearly 14 million people with clean water and over 11 million with basic toilets.

In times of crisis children are particularly vulnerable; UNICEF responds and provides emergency relief to those in need.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Clean water, basic toilets and good hygiene practices are essential for the survival and development of children. Today, there are around 2.4 billion people who do not use improved sanitation, and 663 million who do not have access to improved water sources. Without these basic needs, the lives of millions of children are at risk.

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https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/sustainable-earth/water/

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thewaterproject.org

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Water Experts: Global Water Crisis Calls For U.S. Leadership
National Water Commission Needed to Head New Effort to Ease U.S., Global Water Crisis

March 11, 2003, Oakland, Calif: The Pacific Institute today called for the creation of a National Water Commission for the 21st Century to direct an aggressive new effort to protect our national water resources and to advise the country on how to best to participate in addressing the global water crisis. The benefits of such an effort will include a stronger national economy, improved international security, and more sustainable water use around the world.

"Millions of people - mainly children - are dying every year from a lack of clean drinking water," said Peter H. Gleick, an internationally-recognized water expert and President of the Pacific Institute. "Across the globe and even in the water-rich United States, climate change, crumbling infrastructure, and pollution threaten our supplies of clean drinking water. In short, never has the need for a strong U.S effort to protect clean water been so important."

According to research by the Pacific Institute, the United Nations, and other water experts at least 1.1 billion people do not have access to clean drinking water, some 2.4 billion people lack access to safe sanitation systems, and 2 to 5 million people - mainly children - die from preventable, water-related diseases every year. In the United States, municipalities are faced with billions of dollars of infrastructure needs and growing disputes over the role of public and private water management. And climate change, pollution, and development threaten water supplies across the world.

"The good news is, that despite the threats to clean water, we have the scientific know-how to extend service to those who need it while protecting existing water supplies. What we lack is a coordinated water policy in the United States and a consistent and proactive approach to international water issues. A National Water Commission will help the United States on both of these counts," continued Gleick.

The proposed Commission should:

Re-evaluate national water science and policy and offer guidance on integrating efforts now scattered among disparate and uncoordinated federal agencies and departments.

Recommend revisions or better enforcement of national laws related to water and develop recommendations for implementing overdue changes to national
flood and drought management and the management of our groundwater resources.

Work with appropriate agencies to identify necessary steps to ensure the physical security of the nation's water resources and water infrastructure.

Develop recommendations for the U.S. role in identifying and addressing global water problems, including how to significantly accelerate efforts to meet the large and devastating unmet basic human needs for water in poorer countries.

Explore how to deal with the growing and potential severe consequences of global climate change for both national and international water resources.

Make recommendations for reducing the risks of international tensions over shared water resources. This includes addressing concerns with our own neighbors, Mexico and Canada, as well as in international rivers.

Read Peter Gleick's testimony.

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Water Experts: Global Water Crisis Calls For U.S. Leadership - Pacific Institute

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Water Experts: Global Water Crisis Calls For U.S. Leadership National Water Commission Needed to Head New Effort to Ease U.S., Global Water Crisis March 11, 2003, Oakland, Calif: The Pacific Institute today called for the creation of a National Water Commission for the 21st Century to direct an aggressive new effort to protect our national water resources and to advise the country on how to best to participate in addressing the global water crisis.

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https://cleanwater.org/features/putting-drinking-water-first-restoring-clean-water-act-protections-streams-and-wetlands

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http://pacinst.org/news/water-experts-global-water-crisis-calls-for-u-s-leadership/

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http://www.eschooltoday.com/global-water-scarcity/effects-of-water-shortage.html