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Introduction:
Intestinal Ischemia is a condition which will cause pain. In acute cases, the deprivation of blood flows to the intestines  that can damage intestinal tissue and in fatal cases leads to death. This is related to the digestive system as the small intestine plays an important role in the digestive system. If the small intestine stops working, the digestive system is not complete and without the small intestine your body will be deprived of nutrients and water from the food you eat. This will cause diarrhea and it can be fatal if you proceed without treatment.

What is Intestinal Ischemia?
Intestinal Ischemia is a medical condition where the flow of blood to the intestine slows down and decreases because of the blocking of the artery. In very rare cases this damage can also cause death.

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The main cause of Ischemia is Atherosclerosis which is when your arteries harden. A plaque which is a hard substance which is mostly only fat builds up with the arteries and it reduces blood pressure. Intestinal ischemia also can affect your small intestine, large intestine and colon. Intestinal ischemia is a serious cause that can stop making your intestines work.  There are also some more causes that are very dangerous such as:

1.     Low blood pressure which can cause heart attack

2.     Congenital heart defects

3.     Blood clots in arteries

4.     Blockage of blood vessels

5.     Anemia

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You should go see a doctor if you experience any symptoms of intestinal ischemia, even if they're mild.

You should also go seek immediate medical care if you are suddenly experiencing sever abdominal pain which makes you so uncomfortable
that you cant even sit still.

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Heart
-chest pain
-shortness of breath
-fast heartbeat
-shoulder or back pain
-neck, jaw or arm pain
-sweating
-nausea or vomiting
-fatigue
-dizziness

Brain
-sudden headache
-dizziness
-vomiting
-fainting
-problems with functioning the body/ moving
-arm or leg weaknesses
-speaking problems
-eye sight problems

Legs
-pain in legs
-sores on feet in legs
-foot pain or numbness
-smooth/ shiny skin on legs or feet
-thickened toe nails
-coldness or weakness in the legs
-dry/ black skin on legs or feet

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acute mesenteric ischemia - is related with small intestine is known as intense mesenteric ischemia. Here, the blood coagulations and stores are found in a prevalent mesenteric course that is answerable for providing oxygen rich blood to digestive organs. Blockage in a vein by the deposits can hinder the bloodstream to digestive organs.

Mesenteric Venous Thrombosis -Blood clots or deposits in the vein don't permit drainage of deoxygenated blood from the intestines tracts which leads to swelling, aggravation and bleeding.

Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia- This is also called stomach angina. It results from fatty deposits on the wall of arteries. Treatment isn't needed until two of the three significant courses become totally impeded without bloodstream.

Colonic ischemia- Colonic ischemia is when the blood flow to the colon has reduced drastically.

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-Atherosclerosis which means the buildup of fatty deposits in your arteries, because of this the heart has to work more as the arteries get blocked. this condition can also result in a heart attack.

-Blood pressure problems.
heart related problems such as heart failure or arrhythmia.
-Certain medications like -birth control pills or drugs for a migraine.
-Blood clotting problems.
-Usage of drugs such as cocaine.

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Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia - Dr. Kurtis Kim - Mercy

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there can be multiple diagnosis  for intestinal ischemia for example;
- blood test: a sudden increase in white blood cells.
- imaging techniques: this include, x-ray, radiography, ultrasound, CT scan and MRI.
- further techniques to visualise the digestive tract: endoscopy, colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy.
- staining techniques: when you inject a dye into the body you can track it by an x-ray.
- surgery: surgery is needed for some severe cases.

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the complications include:
-  gangrene: when the flow of blood gets blocked/stopped, it can lead to sudden death.
-perforation of intestinal walls:
- scar formation: during the healing process, scars formate in the intestine which leads to the intestinal wall becoming narrower.
-the fatality: if the disease is untreated it can lead to severe fatality which then leads to death.

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-Colon ischemia : It will heal on its own, if the fatality of the disease is acute then surgery is essential to remove dead tissues and bypass to remove blockage.

- Acute Mesenteric Artery Ischemia: Surgery is compulsory to remove blood clot or even a bypass is performed to remove damaged tissues.

- chronic mesenteric artery ischemia: Bypass/angioplasty/surgery

-Mesenteric Venous Thrombosis: If damage is not observed,anticoagulants for 5 months approximated are necessary, but if blood clotting is diagnosed, then anticoagulants will accompany you throughout your life. Also, if there is a bowel portion, surgery is essential.

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intestinal ischemia can be prevented by making some changes in terms of your lifestyle.

these changes that you can make are:
-quit smoking as smoking harms your blood vessels and a risk of deposits in the arteries increase.
-maintaining a healthy disease including plenty of fruits and vegetables.
-reducing stress by meditation or yoga
- exercising regularly
maintaining high blood pressure and cholesterol levels.
-controlling diabeteies
-seeing your doctor for regular checkups.