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1. Each postcard is a different color, some show positive and others show negative perspectives in Dreyfus. One is a simple picture of him, presenting him as an innocent man. Other postcards portray him as evil and scary.

2. All the postcards are black and white, except one that has a little red in it. Zola is often represented as godly. This can be proven from the clothes he is wearing, the halo around his head, and the wings on his back. This tells us that Zola was very popular among the people.

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1. The postcard seem to portray him as an army officer. This might have been used to make him seem like a hero to the people.
2. In the next cards he is also portrayed as an average man with a wife who only wants to do good.
3. This one shows that the illustrator believes he was innocent and undeserving.
4. This card seems remorseful or pitying to Dreyfus and the illustrator wants to see him free.

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1. The first postcard seems to portray him as he was, just an officer of the army. Perhaps people with a more moderate view would use this one.
2. The second card seems to portray him as just a human being too. Although the second card shows him hugging his wife; showing a more sympathetic picture.
3. The third card definitely shows a political view. It has it written on it that he is innocent; this clearly expresses the illustrator's view.
4. The fourth card shows him being tortured. I feel like this card's illustrator either felt really bad for Dreyfus or really hated him and wanted him tortured.
5. The fifth card shows him to look rather sad because he is being forced into labor. I think this illustrator most likely was sympathetic towards Dreyfus.
6. The sixth card shows him to be really sad, but also guilty because he is sitting with a bunch of money. I feel that the illustrator's opinion could have gone either way because of this.
7. The last postcard shows him being rehabilitated, most likely portraying that the illustrator felt sympathetic to him and liked that they appreciated his rehabilitation.

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1. A couple of the postcards make him look innocent. One even says "innocent" on it. Some however make him look pushed down and his head is too big for his body.
2. One looks normal. The others make him seem almost angelic. He looks powerful just like his writing.
3. Postcards are not confidential but they do get to where they are intended quickly. Here they are building a house of cards and that takes precision. Just like fighting for Dreyfus.
4. It gets the world to know she is fighting for him and hoping they will too. That way people realize he is a human too. Not just a jew. He has a family and he has a life. Media today gets to more people and is easier but it accomplishes similar things.

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Dreyfus
1. all of the postacrds are either dull and faded or  black and white. He looks like he  holds a powerful position. Some of the postcards are seen as actual pictures while others look like sketches. In one postcard, he is seen  to be claiming that he is inncoent.

Zola
2. Most of these postcards are dull and faded or black and white. However, one of the postcards has color  in it. Most of these seem to be sketches, but there is one actual photograph. In these postcards, it looks as if Zola is a small, but very powerful person as it is shown with him holding what seems to look like a lightening bolt. It looks like he holds a godly powerful position.

3.

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2. What does each postcard tell us about Dreyfus and about the illustrator’s view of Dreyfus?
Some of the post cards show Dreyfus as a general; someone who olds power. The majority of the postcards are in black and white which shows how old it was and how in that time generals held high status in society.
2. Make the same comparison with postcards representing Zola. In the postcards representing Zola, he portrays him as an angelic and brave. In one postcard he his drawn with wings which is a sign as God-like or very heavenly.
3.What are the benefits and limitations of caricature in conveying a message? Analyze the postcard below and discuss its interpretation of the Dreyfus Affair, and how caricature is used in this case.
The benefits of a caricature in conveying a message are sharing a positive view points and sharing your morals. The limitations are how you are portrayed; you be seen as great or terrible.
4. The postcard below bears the pre-printed address of Dreyfus’s wife, Lucie, and was sent to show support for her husband. Discuss the purpose and effect of mass mailing, and petitioning, and compare postcards to contemporary mass media with the same objective.
The purpose of this mass mailing was to tell everyone that she supports his theories and actions. Normally mass mailing is to advertise something or someone. In this she is being shown as his follower and supporter.

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1. For some it shows him as kind, loving, and a soldier.
2. For Zola it kinda shows him as a god.
3. The postcards shows the people building a card castle, and are happy but there is someone in the back about to blow it down.
4. To show that he is human, and not some animal. He has a family, and loves them.

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1. In each of the postcards looks dull. One of the post cards is a portirait of him but his face is out of proportion which makes him look distroited. Which means that the artist did not favor him. There is also another picture of im carrying a bat and crouching down which is usially whant a criminal does. This is a bad representtaion.
2. Zola sems to  be shown as great and powerful. He is wearing red which is a very defined color. Some of them show him flexing which means me is strong. One even shows him having wings.
3.Their heads are signifigently larger than their bodys. They also have strange expressions on thier face. This could influance someone to think simeone. they sre building something as someone watches over them. This could mean that in socity someone will always be above them.
4.This was a cool way to show her support. SHe is showing that she stands behind her husband, maybe others will too.

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1. In the first postcard it looks a typically picture someone would take of Alfred. In one of them there is a little pendant type thing with Alfred saying " je suis innocent" meaning i am innocent. I didn't quite understand the postcard with the kissing figures. There is a postcard where it looks as though a man is drowning Alfred showing a lot of anti semitism.
2. In the postcards of Zola, there is one where is portrayed as a deity type figure. If you look at the postcard where Zola is washing the men it says in the description that his letter to the president effected the military.
3. Caricature is great because you can get a lot of information across in very little space and few words. However, sometimes images can be misinterpreted. This postcard shows that the Dreyfus case is made out of cards. A house of cards can being knocked down very easily and have very little substance meaning. It also shows a man who I believe is Zola blowing at the cards trying to blow it down.
4.  I did not quite understand the question being asked.

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1. Postcards
- first picture: looks powerful and very important
- second picture: kissing someone in a mirror
- third picture: looks like he is giving an important speech
- fourth picture: he looks like he is being tortured
- fifth picture: looks like he has been injured and he seems old
- sixth picture: he looks like he is in the sky and very powerful
- seventh picture: He looks like a normal officer standing guard

2. The first picture is the only one where his face matches his body and all the other pictures are awkward and does not look right.

3. They are all happily building a castle made of cards but in the top left corner there is a man trying to blow it over.

4. It is probably to prove to people that he is human too and has people who love him and rely on him in his family.

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1. The first picture makes him look powerful, the third one says innocent on it. They are trying to show that he is not guilty. The fourth and fifth ones  are trying to show how he is guilty.  Most of the pictures are in black and white the ones that aren't only have a tiny bit of blue in them.
2. Some of the pictures are mocking Zola. They are using caricature. Some of the pictures having Zola's head on other people's bodies.
3.
4. The purpose of mass mailing was for people to show their support for Dreyfus. A contemporary mass media with the same objective is like when people post their support for someone or something or lots of people comment their support or send people messages through social media to the person they want to show their support to.

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1. The postcards portray him as a capable, responsible officer. He seems calm and not threatening. He has a simple aura to him, so the images where he is oppressed are strong.
2. Zola is portrayed as a fierce advocate for his beliefs. He looks strong and successful in some images, while in others there is more emphasis on his wisdom. IN one picture, he seems to almost be glorified for his speech.
3. Caricature seems to convey the general ideas, but the exaggeration could lead to miscommunication. It is also very one sided and often is unable to include all of the influencing factors present in a situation.
4. The postcards allowed for mass mailing and the distribution of broad ideas and information to large groups of people. They were eyecatching and simple to understand. They also allow for self interpretation, appealing to people of slightly varying ideas. Today, social media can convey similar messages quickly to millions. It is simple, eyecatching and easily available. This draws people in and captivates their attention for long enough to read a thread or watch a video. They can then comment their own opinions or read others'. This allows for consideration in a very public setting. Also, this has the ability to be confidential from other people reading it. Additionally, whatever is posted on the internet becomes permanent, meaning there is record of every shared idea or widespread sharing of an opinion.

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1. Most of the postcards are black and white/neutral colors. A majority of the postcards show Dreyfus as a loving, innocent, and confident. But a few of the postcards show him to be bad and tortured.
2. Many of the postcards show him to be very powerful and a "god like" figure. The postcards make him look very successful.
3. It looks like they are

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1. All of the notecards of Dreyfus is him not smiling and positioned confidently. All of the postcards have him giving a different expression with his face. they are all black and white and have some type of boring back-round or plain back round.
2. The notecards of Zola all are different and he mostly is holding something in each picture. In a half of the pictures, they show of his muscle which shows how he looks confident. He is described as someone who is the best and is very powerful because of the weapons he is holding and what he does to the person. Also, in one postcard he is in color, red. The color red, signifies blood usually which describes how he might be evil.
3. A benefit of Caricature with the message was that the message could be chosen if it was current news. But, they did not have illustrations on any of them which was not as good since illustrations would make it easier to understand. In the picture, there are many men doing the process of sending and receiving the cards. It shows all of the steps of them and what they did.
4.

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1. Dreyfus postcards
- black, white, and a little blue
- glasses/old/mustache
- looks wise and respected
- looks nice (kissing someone in one of them)
- wanderer
- looks helpless in the postcard of him being tortured
- statue=he was important to the people
2. Zola postcards
- old/wise
- black, white, and red (symbolizes energy, fire and blood etc.)
- beard and mustache
- portrayed as zeus, jesus, and St. George killing the dragon
- worked in the army
3.  benefits and limitations of caricature in conveying a message
- blue (symbolizes royalty), black, and white
- makes him seem equal to workers and others
- some people may not have the same view of him as others do
- the postcard allows others in different locations and with different ideas to see what others think and believe about public figures in that era

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1. Look at the different representations of Dreyfus on the postcards below, and compare them by looking at the details, style, colors, caption, etc. What does each postcard tell us about Dreyfus and about the illustrator’s view of Dreyfus?
-the colors are mostly plain, like grays, black, beige, and a pale blue in one of them
-in most of them, he sort looks weasel-like and his mustache is accented
-perhaps this is to make him look like a scoundrel

2. Make the same comparison with postcards representing Zola.
-colors are the same except there is also some red
-in most of them, he is made to look like a god or avenger of sorts, though I'm not sure if this is satirical.

3. What are the benefits and limitations of caricature in conveying a message? Analyze the postcard below and discuss its interpretation of the Dreyfus Affair, and how caricature is used in this case.
-caricature is mainly used for satire and most political comics have some sort of metaphor within them that is humorous
-in this case, it is making fun of some officers (?)

4. The postcard below bears the pre-printed address of Dreyfus’s wife, Lucie, and was sent to show support for her husband. Discuss the purpose and effect of mass mailing, and petitioning, and compare postcards to contemporary mass media with the same objective.
-the purpose of mass mailing is probably to try to convince a large group of people of something? or to gain support? back then, mass mailing probably had the same effect as sending an important text does today, so it was likely very effective.