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Composers began to create expressive, melodic pieces. Composers explored emotions in music, varying from fear to romantic love. Nationalism is an expression of specific national identity by using the folk songs, dances, legends, and history of their homelands.
Some of the most significant romantic composers were Beethoven, Frederic Chopin, Frank Schubert, Robert and Clara Schumann, Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky , Johannes Brahms, and Giuseppe Verdi.

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Prehistoric people used music to communicate and express their feelings.
The instruments were made of natural things. For instance, they hit stones, blowed mammoth bones and sang.

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They play Music in celebrations and in religious activities. The harp was the most important instrument.

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They enjoy the music in the great Greek theatres.
The lyre was the most important instrument. The aulos was also another popular instrument.
Pythagoras was the father of Maths and Music.
He played the lyre.

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It was the beginning of musical notation.
Music was related with church.
Gregorian chant and minstrels songs were basically the vocal Music. Organ was developed in this period.
Minstrels were poets and musicians, because they made up their own words and the tunes.
In this period dances were very popular, although church doesn't like people to dance.
There were two main types of dances in medieval times: line dances and circle dances.

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An important development during the Renaissance was music notation. Many musicians wrote books about music theory. They are useful for us because they tell us how music sounded in those days and what people thought about it.

The invention of the printing press in 1439 made it cheaper and easier to distribute music and musical theory texts on a wider geographic scale and to more people.
. Opera, a dramatic staged genre in which singers are accompanied by instruments, arose at this time in Florence. Opera was developed as a deliberate attempt to resurrect the music of ancient Greece.
Precursor versions of many familiar modern instruments (including the violin, guitar, lute and keyboard instruments) developed into new forms during the Renaissance. These instruments were modified to responding to the evolution of musical ideas, and they presented new possibilities for composers and musicians to explore. Early forms of modern woodwind and brass instruments like the bassoon and trombone.

In this period instrumental dances were very popular.

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An important characteristic is a love of ornamentation.
Many musical forms were born in that era, like the concerto and sinfonia.
Johann Sebastian Bach was a composer and musician of the Baroque period.
Since the 19th-century Bach Revival he has been generally regarded as one of the greatest composers of all time.

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Vivaldi was a musical genius of this century. He was composed "the four seasons".

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Around the middle of the Eighteenth century, composers concentrated on simplicity and clarity and polyphonic texture was neglected in favor of tuneful Melody and simple harmony.
The master music writers of the era were Joseph Haydn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Ludwig van Beethoven. They made Viena one of the music centres of the world.

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Verdi

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Brahms

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Tchaikovsky

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The range of musical style was vast.
Composers of the time included Claude Debussy, Igor Stravinsky, Eric Satie, George Gershwin, ...

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Satie

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Stravinsky

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Gershwin

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The living room became the new “concert hall” with the invention of the radio and phonograph. These new advancements in technology brought a wider range of music to a broader range of people.

American jazz fascinated musician with its syncopated rhythms and improvisational qualities as well as by the unique tone colours of jazz bands. Jazz was developed in the USA by the primarily African Americans.
Blues was a form of vocal and instrumental music and a style of performance which grew out of African American folk music, such as work songs and spirituals.

Musicals and musical comedies began to appear on stages, and soundtracks for cinema as well.
Rock and roll began to appear in the 1950s, growing out of rhythm and blues music.

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John Williams and Hans Zimmer are the most successful film composers of all time.