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keywords:
eavesdropping
security
monitoring
papparazzi
cameras
paranoid
.

articles: https://newsela.com/read/apple-encryption/id/15082/

apple is going against the government to secure people's privacy

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Newsela | U.S. wants to peek inside iPhone but Apple holding up the shield of privacy

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key words:
- reality TV
- interviews
-society
-social media
-TV shows

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Key Words:
Pollution
Global Warming
Trash
Rain-forest
Greenhouse
Gas/diesels
Climate Change
Renewable sources
Edible Cutlery
Sustainability of Earth's natural resources
Plastic cleaning

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bias
racism
manipulation
stereotyping
devalue
brainwash

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Keywords:
Criminology
Violence
Crimes
Sociology

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Individuality
Depriving
Less human
Conformity
Surveillance
War
Human qualities

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Key words:

Tyrant
Dictatorship

Donald Trump
Absolute Power
authoritarianism

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https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/why-bad-looks-good/201411/the-optics-politics-appearances-are-not-always-reality

https://www.theodysseyonline.com/appearance-shouldnt-matter

https://sites.psu.edu/aspsy/2017/04/06/how-much-do-looks-actually-matter/

https://newsela.com/read/lib-procon-school-uniforms/id/23824/

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https://newsela.com/read/social-media-teens-mental-health-benefits/id/36847/
https://newsela.com/read/tablets-kids/id/3392/
https://newsela.com/read/elem-facebook-messenger-kids/id/38474/
https://newsela.com/read/cell-phones-allowed-in-schools/id/42076/
https://newsela.com/read/cellphones-in-school/id/24805/
https://newsela.com/read/texting-can-be-positive/id/44959/
ttps://newsela.com/read/texting-tax-ca/id/48201

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poverty
bankruptvy
difficulty
abudance
famine

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people in nature

nature

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Edible Cutlery: http://www.bakeys.com/
Plastic Cleaning in Ocean:

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/2018/10/greenpeace-beach-cleanup-report-highlights-ocean-plastic-problem/
Sustainability of Earth's natural resources:
https://newsela.com/read/lib-sustainability-overview/id/37909/
Greenhouse effect:
https://newsela.com/read/people-need-to-eat-less-beef/id/48075/

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Living in America: Let's Talk About Individualism - The Armenite

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It all started with American jazz... in Armenia. I grew up in Yerevan, so lying down on the living room floor and listening to Louis Armstrong wasn't really a popular pastime in the place where I was raised. But thanks to my father's love of music, that's how I spent many of my childhood days.

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Violence Obsession

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We have a problem.

President Clinton said on Tuesday: ''We must do more to reach out to our children and teach them to express their anger and resolve their conflicts with words, not weapons.''

But that's not easy in a country that has always been proud of its willingness to use force -- sometimes legitimately, sometimes illegitimately -- to get its way. One of the earliest lessons of childhood in America is that it is normal, at least in some circumstances, to reach for a gun. And that insidious credo is relentlessly reinforced by the firearms manufacturers and their lackeys who seem at times to want to put a gun in the hands of every man, woman and child in the nation. At last count there were 192 million firearms in the hands of private citizens in the U.S.

If the kids in America could be induced to look up from the violence of their video games or away from the violence on TV, and gaze back over the history of violence in this country, they would be occupied for a long, long time. They would see the armed misfits and the lone gunmen and the street gangs and the drug gangs and the serial killers and the madness of the militias and assorted mad bombers and the celebrated outrages of organized crime and the terrifying uprisings in the cities and the outlaw heroes like Bonnie and Clyde and Billy the Kid and the lynchings of blacks, Jews and Catholics in the South and elsewhere and the massacre of the Indians and the enslavement of the Africans and so forth.

Columbine High is in the news, but our problem is far greater than the slaughter of the innocents in the schools. We are addicted to violence. It sustains and entertains us. And every now and then when it erupts in a place where we think it shouldn't -- a suburban high school in a nice quiet neighborhood -- we throw up our hands and wonder what went wrong.

''How can it happen here?'' we ask.

We'll move on from this, just as we did after the riots and the assassinations of the 1960's, and the soaring crime rates of the 70's and 80's, and the massacre on the Long Island Rail Road and the bombing of the Federal Building in Oklahoma City in the 1990's. We'll move on until the next time, when another dozen or so kids are killed, or something worse happens. Then we'll throw up our hands again and ask what went wrong.

It's like that with an addiction. Nothing happens until you admit you have a problem.

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Bob Herbert Op-Ed column on shootings at Columbine High School in Littleton, Colo; contends that Americans are addicted to violence; maintains that it sustains and entertains us; holds that every now and then when it erupts in place where we think it should not, we throw up our hands and wonder what went wrong (M)

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Violence is unstoppable

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Malcolm had just begun to speak when the assassination occurred. As Alex Haley wrote: ''In the bedlam of shouting, screaming, running people, some ran toward the stage. Among them Sister Betty scrambled up from where she had thrown her body over her children, who were shrieking; she ran crying hysterically, 'My husband! They're killing my husband!' ''

Malcolm died from a shotgun blast that was followed by a barrage of .38- and .45-caliber bullets. That kind of violence has a long shelf life. Two generations later, people are still being hit by the gunfire.

Two years ago Qubilah Shabazz, who has fought more-or-less losing battles with alcoholism and other problems, was implicated in a plot to kill Louis Farrakhan, who she believed was implicated in the plot to kill her father. A cocaine addict and government informer named Michael Fitzpatrick posed as a hit man and helped authorities gain evidence against Ms. Shabazz. He also stooped to the cruel depths of allowing Ms. Shabazz's son Malcolm, 10 at the time, to believe that he would marry Qubilah and thus be a father to young Malcolm.

Percy Sutton, a close friend of the Shabazz family for more than three decades, remembered how that went: ''It was so sad. This little kid, he ended up feeling guilty because he tried to persuade his mother to marry this guy. The guy told him, 'We'll have our own house.' And Malcolm got all excited and he said, 'I'll have my own bedroom?' And the guy said, 'Yes, you will.' ''

So how do you deal with it? You're 8, 9, 10 years old and your world has the stability of an ocean wave. Your grandfather was the victim of one of the most notorious murders of the century. Your father vanished years ago. You have emotional problems, like some others in your family, and frightening feelings you don't begin to know how to handle. Your mother drinks, and at some point hooked up with a guy who beat her. Now you're 11 or 12, being shipped here and there, and nothing about the world makes sense. Except maybe the gang in Texas that seems to care about you. But you're in New York. In Yonkers. With your grandmother. A good woman, but a grandmother nonetheless.

Violence, fatherlessness, a child's sadness, more violence. The story of our time. The boy snapped and lit the fire that consumed his grandmother.

Betty Shabazz spent her entire adult life trying to shepherd her family through the worst kinds of treachery and violent betrayal. Eight days ago she fell at the hands of someone she could hardly have loved more. Once again, perhaps for the last time, something terrible rose up to greet this valiant woman as she sought a moment's respite, a brief cessation of the turmoil, in a place where she thought she was safe.

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Malcolm had just begun to speak when the assassination occurred. As Alex Haley wrote: ''In the bedlam of shouting, screaming, running people, some ran toward the stage. Among them Sister Betty scrambled up from where she had thrown her body over her children, who were shrieking; she ran crying hysterically, 'My husband!

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goverment passes patriot act so the cia can listen in on people calls.

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Newsela | The USA PATRIOT Act and the changes it brought about

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On the day after Christmas in 2000, an employee of Edgewater Technology, a private company in Wakefield, Mass., showed up at work with an assault rifle and a .12-gauge shotgun. Around 11 a.m. he began methodically killing co-workers. He didn't stop until seven were dead.

An employee who had not been at work that day spoke movingly to a reporter from The Boston Globe about the men and women who lost their lives. "They were some of the sweetest, smartest people I've ever had the chance to work with," he said. "The cream of the crop."

The continuing carnage has roused at least one group of public officials to action: mayors. "We see the violence that is happening in America today," said Mayor Thomas Menino of Boston. "Illegal guns are rampant. Go into almost any classroom in Boston - sixth and seventh grade, eighth grade, high school - and 50 percent of those kids know somebody who had a gun."

The mayor noted that since the beginning of the year, more than 100 people have already been killed in Philadelphia, and nearly 80 in Baltimore. Most of the victims were shot to death.

Last year Mayor Menino and Mayor Michael Bloomberg of New York, at a meeting they hosted at Gracie Mansion, organized a group of mayors committed to fighting against illegal firearms in the U.S. "It is time for national leadership in the war on gun violence," Mr. Bloomberg said at the time. "And if that leadership won't come from Congress or come from the White House, then it has to come from us."

The campaign has grown. There were 15 mayors at that first gathering. Now more than 200 mayors from cities in 46 states have signed on.

When asked why Mayor Bloomberg had become so militant about the gun issue, John Feinblatt, the city's criminal justice coordinator, mentioned the "human element." He said: "I think it's because he's watched eight police officers be shot. And because, like all mayors, he's the one who gets awakened, along with the police commissioner, at 3 in the morning and 4 in the morning, and has to rush to the hospital and break the news that can break somebody's heart."

Those who are interested in the safety and well-being of children should keep in mind that only motor vehicle accidents and cancer kill more children in the U.S. than firearms. A study released a few years ago by the Harvard School of Public Health compared firearm mortality rates among youngsters 5 to 14 years old in the five states with the highest rates of gun ownership with those in the five states with the lowest rates.

The results were chilling. Children in the states with the highest rates of gun ownership were 16 times as likely to die from an accidental gunshot wound, nearly seven times as likely to commit suicide with a gun, and more than three times as likely to be murdered with a firearm.

Only a lunatic could seriously believe that more guns in more homes is good for America's children.

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virginia polytechnic institute and state university

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On the day after Christmas in 2000, an employee of Edgewater Technology, a private company in Wakefield, Mass., showed up at work with an assault rifle and a .12-gauge shotgun. Around 11 a.m. he began methodically killing co-workers. He didn't stop until seven were dead.

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Newsela | National parks throughout the world

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Countries all around the world have created national parks to protect special places and the animals and plants that live there.

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Something Dem & GOP leaders agree on: Military generals are the nation's safeguard during Trump presidency https://t.co/DKbT9o7iPO
- Philip Rucker (@PhilipRucker) August 23, 2017

Writing in collaboration with his colleague Robert Costa on Monday, Rucker argued that "high-ranking military officials have become an increasingly ubiquitous presence in American political life during Donald Trump's presidency, repeatedly winning arguments inside the West Wing, publicly contradicting the president and even balking at implementing one of his most controversial policies."

This explains the otherwise inexplicable praise that Monday's speech received from some journalists, even as TV ratings bottomed out . On Monday night, Rucker tweeted:

Tonight is a new President Trump: Acknowledging a flip-flop and talking about gravity of office, history & substance.
- Philip Rucker (@PhilipRucker) August 22, 2017

The New York Times ' Maggie Haberman called the speech the president's best yet:

POTUS gave his best speech as POTUS. He's given extremely few of these types of speeches. And he has a campaign rally tomorrow. Soooo...
- Maggie Haberman (@maggieNYT) August 22, 2017

Rucker and Haberman are of course savvy enough to know that Trump was reading words others have written, which the president himself almost certainly doesn't believe. So their praise of the speech carries a hidden message: Thank God, they are saying, that the generals are in charge and that Trump is following orders.

It's understandable that some Americans are turning to the generals, since the alternative is watching Trump botch the final decisions of life and death that we usually trust a president to make. Still, the truth is that any rule by the generals that stretches beyond their established role can only be deeply anti-democratic. The military is supposed to offer policy choices to the president, not the other way around. Trump is ceding presidential power to his military advisers, and this subtle move toward authoritarianism is winning bipartisan support.

The rise of the generals is aided and abetted by Congress when it fails to do its constitutional duty and check the president. Congress has many remedies available for holding a president accountable, ranging from blocking his nominations all the way up to impeachment, but so far, under Republican control, Congress has been loath to exercise them. Instead of relying on constitutional measures, lawmakers too are putting trust in the generals, hoping that they'll keep Trump from any truly reckless act.

As Congress neglects its constitutional duties and elites cheer on Trump's band of military men, political conflict is likely to move to the streets. This could be a good thing; it could also be a very bad thing. In street activism lies hope for progressive reforms to democracy, but when such activism is also symptomatic of a total loss of faith in existing democratic institutions, it can work in the service of authoritarianism. What makes this situation truly dangerous is that the president seems intent on encouraging his own form of street theater. Post-Charlottesville, Trump is peppering his messages with winks and nods to some of the only people who still seem to be taking him seriously: white-nationalists, neo-Nazis, and members of the KKK. This is a recipe for more Charlottesville-style clashes, with Trump shoring up his base by stoking their fear of radical leftist protesters. He did just that in Phoenix, growling, "You know, they show up in the helmets and the black masks, and they've got clubs and they've got everything-Antifa!"

Democracy does not work with a power vacuum for a president. As Trump makes a mockery of his office, he has left America to drift in two fundamentally anti-democratic directions, with the military exercising ever greater power as neo-Nazi street protesters form militias of their own. People of good faith around the country may be trying desperately to counter both, but this is fundamentally a political crisis that has to have a political solution. The president is unfit to serve, and until Congress comes to its senses and remembers its constitutional powers, this is what we can expect: a weakened president subservient to the military egging on armed fascists as they take to the streets.

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Trump's Figurehead Presidency Is Driving a New Authoritarianism

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Writing in collaboration with his colleague Robert Costa on Monday, Rucker argued that "high-ranking military officials have become an increasingly ubiquitous presence in American political life during Donald Trump's presidency, repeatedly winning arguments inside the West Wing, publicly contradicting the president and even balking at implementing one of his most controversial policies."

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We have a problem.

President Clinton said on Tuesday: ''We must do more to reach out to our children and teach them to express their anger and resolve their conflicts with words, not weapons.''

But that's not easy in a country that has always been proud of its willingness to use force -- sometimes legitimately, sometimes illegitimately -- to get its way. One of the earliest lessons of childhood in America is that it is normal, at least in some circumstances, to reach for a gun. And that insidious credo is relentlessly reinforced by the firearms manufacturers and their lackeys who seem at times to want to put a gun in the hands of every man, woman and child in the nation. At last count there were 192 million firearms in the hands of private citizens in the U.S.

If the kids in America could be induced to look up from the violence of their video games or away from the violence on TV, and gaze back over the history of violence in this country, they would be occupied for a long, long time. They would see the armed misfits and the lone gunmen and the street gangs and the drug gangs and the serial killers and the madness of the militias and assorted mad bombers and the celebrated outrages of organized crime and the terrifying uprisings in the cities and the outlaw heroes like Bonnie and Clyde and Billy the Kid and the lynchings of blacks, Jews and Catholics in the South and elsewhere and the massacre of the Indians and the enslavement of the Africans and so forth.

Columbine High is in the news, but our problem is far greater than the slaughter of the innocents in the schools. We are addicted to violence. It sustains and entertains us. And every now and then when it erupts in a place where we think it shouldn't -- a suburban high school in a nice quiet neighborhood -- we throw up our hands and wonder what went wrong.

''How can it happen here?'' we ask.

We'll move on from this, just as we did after the riots and the assassinations of the 1960's, and the soaring crime rates of the 70's and 80's, and the massacre on the Long Island Rail Road and the bombing of the Federal Building in Oklahoma City in the 1990's. We'll move on until the next time, when another dozen or so kids are killed, or something worse happens. Then we'll throw up our hands again and ask what went wrong.

It's like that with an addiction. Nothing happens until you admit you have a problem.

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Bob Herbert Op-Ed column on shootings at Columbine High School in Littleton, Colo; contends that Americans are addicted to violence; maintains that it sustains and entertains us; holds that every now and then when it erupts in place where we think it should not, we throw up our hands and wonder what went wrong (M)

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Freedom of speech-the right to express opinions without government restraint-is a democratic ideal that dates back to ancient Greece. In the United States, the First Amendment guarantees free speech, though the United States, like all modern democracies, places limits on this freedom. In a series of landmark cases, the U.S. Supreme Court over the years has helped to define what types of speech are-and aren't-protected under U.S. law.

The ancient Greeks pioneered free speech as a democratic principle. The ancient Greek word "parrhesia" means "free speech," or "to speak candidly." The term first appeared in Greek literature around the end of the fifth century B.C.

During the classical period, parrhesia became a fundamental part of the democracy of Athens. Leaders, philosophers, playwrights and everyday Athenians were free to openly discuss politics and religion and to criticize the government in some settings.

First Amendment

In the United States, the First Amendment protects freedom of speech.

The First Amendment was adopted on December 15, 1791 as part of the Bill of Rights-the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution. The Bill of Rights provides constitutional protection for certain individual liberties, including freedoms of speech, assembly and worship.

The First Amendment doesn't specify what exactly is meant by freedom of speech. Defining what types of speech should and shouldn't be protected by law has fallen largely to the courts.

In general, the First Amendment guarantees the right to express ideas and information. On a basic level, it means that people can express an opinion (even an unpopular or unsavory one) without fear of government censorship.

It protects all forms of communication, from speeches to art and other media.

Flag Burning

While freedom of speech pertains mostly to the spoken or written word, it also protects some forms of symbolic speech. Symbolic speech is an action that expresses an idea.

Flag burning is an example of symbolic speech that is protected under the First Amendment. Gregory Lee Johnson, a youth communist, burned a flag during the 1984 Republican National Convention in Dallas, Texas to protest the Reagan administration.

The U.S. Supreme Court, in 1990, reversed a Texas court's conviction that Johnson broke the law by desecrating the flag. Texas v. Johnson invalidated statutes in Texas and 47 other states prohibiting flag burning.

When Isn't Speech Protected?

Not all speech is protected under the First Amendment.

Forms of speech that aren't protected include:

Obscene material such as child pornography

Plagiarism of copyrighted material

Defamation (libel and slander)

True threats

Speech inciting illegal actions or soliciting others to commit crimes aren't protected under the First Amendment, either.

The Supreme Court decided a series of cases in 1919 that helped to define the limitations of free speech. Congress passed the Espionage Act of 1917, shortly after the United States entered into World War I. The law prohibited interference in military operations or recruitment.

Socialist Party activist Charles Schenck was arrested under the Espionage Act after he distributed fliers urging young men to dodge the draft. The Supreme Court upheld his conviction by creating the "clear and present danger" standard, explaining when the government is allowed to limit free speech. In this case, they viewed draft resistant as dangerous to national security.

American labor leader and Socialist Party activist Eugene Debs also was arrested under the Espionage Act after giving a speech in 1918 encouraging others not to join the military. Debs argued that he was exercising his right to free speech and that the Espionage Act of 1917 was unconstitutional. In Debs v. United States the U.S. Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the Espionage Act.

Freedom Of Expression

The Supreme Court has interpreted artistic freedom broadly as a form of free speech.

In most cases, freedom of expression may be restricted only if it will cause direct and imminent harm. Shouting "fire!" in a crowded theater and causing a stampede would be an example of direct and imminent harm.

In deciding cases involving artistic freedom of expression the Supreme Court leans on a principle called "content neutrality." Content neutrality means the government can't censor or restrict expression just because some segment of the population finds the content offensive.

Free Speech In Schools

In 1965, students at a public high school in Des Moines, Iowa, organized a silent protest against the Vietnam War by wearing black armbands to protest the fighting. The students were suspended from school. The principle argued that the armbands were a distraction and could possibly lead to a danger for the students.

The Supreme Court didn't bite-they ruled in favor of the students' right to wear the armbands as a form of free speech in Tinker v. Des Moines Independent School District. The case set the standard for free speech in schools. However, First Amendment rights typically don't apply in private schools.

SOURCES

What does free speech mean?; United States Courts.
Tinker v. Des Moines; United States Courts.
Freedom of expression in the arts and entertainment; ACLU.

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Freedom of speech-the right to express opinions without government restraint-is a democratic ideal that dates back to ancient Greece. In the United States, the First Amendment guarantees free speech, though the United States, like all modern democracies, places limits on this freedom. In a series of landmark cases, the U.S.

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Newsela | South African city on shut-off notice as water crisis worsens

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Reservoirs around drought-stricken Cape Town are almost dry, forcing major water use limits

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https://www.tweentribune.com/article/tween56/see-rare-images-depicting-life-work-white-house/

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National Park System Sees More Than 330 Million Visits - Office of Communications (U.S. National Park Service)

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Increased attendance at parks, 1.5 billion visits in the last five years, also means aging park facilities are incurring further wear and tear. President Trump has proposed legislation to establish a Public Lands Infrastructure Fund that would help address the $11.6 billion maintenance backlog in the National Park System.

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HEY GUYS I DO GIVEAWAYS ON ROBLOX GAMES AND ALSO PRIVATE SERVERS SUB FOR MORE THX (KID FRIENDLY)