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There is no easy way to fix the waste problem. People make money informally selling recyclables. 

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There is no easy way to fix the waste problem. People make money informally selling recyclables. 

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There are not public trash cans in Delhi, the capital of India.

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There are not public trash cans in Delhi, the capital of India.

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"Delhi witnessed an unprecedented growth in garbage produced daily, going from 400 tons a day to 2,000-8,700 times a day in 2015. A rise of 2,075%"

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"Delhi witnessed an unprecedented growth in garbage produced daily, going from 400 tons a day to 2,000-8,700 times a day in 2015. A rise of 2,075%"

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The Times of India

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The Indian government has vowed to eliminate single-use plastic by 2022.

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The Indian government has vowed to eliminate single-use plastic by 2022.

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Solutions and Contributors to Sustainability

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Solutions and Contributors to Sustainability

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Kabaadi tradition still lives on in India (less so than in the past, though)

Kabaadi = Frugality and recycling

Large capacity to collect and process large amount of waste

There is a massive labor force, but it is not being used properly

Need for better infrastructure for waste processing

Need for dignity for sanitation workers

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Contributes to large numbers of people thinking that waste is someone else’s problem

Those who are made to deal with trash are put there by birth

Sanitation workers are subjected to terrible working conditions and general disrespect from the higher classes

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"In the last two decades, Indian cities have seen a rising tide of waste that is disposed of in open dumps. Such landfills, often on fire, are only aggravating the pollution problem, contaminating both air and groundwater."

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"In the last two decades, Indian cities have seen a rising tide of waste that is disposed of in open dumps. Such landfills, often on fire, are only aggravating the pollution problem, contaminating both air and groundwater."

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The Times of India

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India has some door-to-door collection but there are few processing plants and disposal facilities.

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India has some door-to-door collection but there are few processing plants and disposal facilities.

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India is an incredibly large and diverse country, so many local efforts with high success are generally better than one large centralized system with low success

Top down approach does not work as well in this context

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“India produces 62 million tons of waste per year — the same amount as all of sub-Saharan Africa. That’s nearly 170,000 tons of waste per day.”

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“India produces 62 million tons of waste per year — the same amount as all of sub-Saharan Africa. That’s nearly 170,000 tons of waste per day.”

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The Washington Post

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Main causes for increased garbage production

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Main causes for increased garbage production

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Rapid population growth

Urbanization

Consumer capitalism

This is the biggest contributor

“In particular has sparked a break from the age-old Indian habits of frugality and recycling. The tendency today is to consume more disposable goods, which is straining India’s capacity to handle waste.”

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“Implementation depends on state governments, so successes and failures will vary. Sustained change at the level of people’s dwellings depends greatly on demonstration, suitable technology, and education … Go easy on the target-driven campaigns and go harder on follow-up, maintenance, and hands-on demonstration.”

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“Implementation depends on state governments, so successes and failures will vary. Sustained change at the level of people’s dwellings depends greatly on demonstration, suitable technology, and education … Go easy on the target-driven campaigns and go harder on follow-up, maintenance, and hands-on demonstration.”

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“Collecting 100 percent of the waste in Delhi, closing the dumps and converting them into sanitary landfills would cost about $75 million.”

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“Collecting 100 percent of the waste in Delhi, closing the dumps and converting them into sanitary landfills would cost about $75 million.”

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New York Times

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“One of the four dumps in Delhi... has reduced its garbage heap by turning some trash into mulch.”

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“One of the four dumps in Delhi... has reduced its garbage heap by turning some trash into mulch.”

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New York Times

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“Waste management rules introduced in 2016 set fines on people who do not separate their trash at home for recycling.”

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“Waste management rules introduced in 2016 set fines on people who do not separate their trash at home for recycling.”

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New York Times

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“Only eight of 35 states process more than half the daily garbage generated in their cities and not one has achieved 100% processing.”

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“Only eight of 35 states process more than half the daily garbage generated in their cities and not one has achieved 100% processing.”

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The Times of India